{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2079900327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vis.4340040303","title":"Computation of global illumination in a participating medium by monte carlo simulation","display_name":"Computation of global illumination in a participating medium by monte carlo simulation","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2079900327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vis.4340040303","mag":"2079900327"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/vis.4340040303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vis.4340040303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81770601","display_name":"The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation","issn_l":"1049-8907","issn":["1049-8907","1099-1778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089717690","display_name":"Sumanta Pattanaik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0016-8703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160811","display_name":"National Informatics Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/055nd7x53","country_code":"IN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121746","https://openalex.org/I4210160811"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. N. Pattanaik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graphics & CAD Division, National Centre for Software Technology, Juhu, Bombay 400 049, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graphics & CAD Division, National Centre for Software Technology, Juhu, Bombay 400 049, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160811"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047013969","display_name":"Sudhir P. Mudur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4837-0118"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160811","display_name":"National Informatics Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/055nd7x53","country_code":"IN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121746","https://openalex.org/I4210160811"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. P. Mudur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graphics & CAD Division, National Centre for Software Technology, Juhu, Bombay 400 049, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graphics & CAD Division, National Centre for Software Technology, Juhu, Bombay 400 049, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160811"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089717690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160811"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1706,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78162544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"133","last_page":"152"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.7879859805107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7749719619750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.7682284116744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.7380393743515015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance-reduction","display_name":"Variance reduction","score":0.6159944534301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-illumination","display_name":"Global illumination","score":0.5964810848236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/importance-sampling","display_name":"Importance sampling","score":0.5496531128883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.5271470546722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divergence","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","score":0.5117728114128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.49721601605415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.4674917757511139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rejection-sampling","display_name":"Rejection sampling","score":0.4582999348640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3746747374534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3378084897994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-monte-carlo","display_name":"Hybrid Monte Carlo","score":0.32802683115005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain-monte-carlo","display_name":"Markov chain Monte Carlo","score":0.29611411690711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26013994216918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.14718177914619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11319941282272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11292389035224915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.7879859805107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7749719619750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.7682284116744995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.7380393743515015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62644790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454689","display_name":"Variance reduction","level":3,"score":0.6159944534301758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89720835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531701","display_name":"Global illumination","level":3,"score":0.5964810848236084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52740198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1539564","display_name":"Importance sampling","level":3,"score":0.5496531128883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.5271470546722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207390915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230525","display_name":"Divergence (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5117728114128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.49721601605415344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.4674917757511139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187192777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381699","display_name":"Rejection sampling","level":5,"score":0.4582999348640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3746747374534607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3378084897994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13153151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639846","display_name":"Hybrid Monte Carlo","level":4,"score":0.32802683115005493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111350023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191869","display_name":"Markov chain Monte Carlo","level":3,"score":0.29611411690711975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26013994216918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.14718177914619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11319941282272339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11292389035224915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/vis.4340040303","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vis.4340040303","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81770601","display_name":"The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation","issn_l":"1049-8907","issn":["1049-8907","1099-1778"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Visualization and Computer Animation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15755586","https://openalex.org/W232802423","https://openalex.org/W1487859867","https://openalex.org/W1520716157","https://openalex.org/W1543768340","https://openalex.org/W1549057003","https://openalex.org/W1886996296","https://openalex.org/W1976212524","https://openalex.org/W1987989448","https://openalex.org/W1999067349","https://openalex.org/W2023237845","https://openalex.org/W2026058811","https://openalex.org/W2099975913","https://openalex.org/W2104587129","https://openalex.org/W2116654172","https://openalex.org/W2130037047","https://openalex.org/W2130882821","https://openalex.org/W2144736368","https://openalex.org/W2165341004","https://openalex.org/W2172280673","https://openalex.org/W3008669191","https://openalex.org/W3045417166","https://openalex.org/W4231624984","https://openalex.org/W4237648096","https://openalex.org/W4244121685","https://openalex.org/W4246951963","https://openalex.org/W4247477375","https://openalex.org/W4255791808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485484480","https://openalex.org/W2387727280","https://openalex.org/W2359872517","https://openalex.org/W2103055865","https://openalex.org/W2015879146","https://openalex.org/W4240645016","https://openalex.org/W655645366","https://openalex.org/W2121407505","https://openalex.org/W3126039455","https://openalex.org/W4248662691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"discusses":[3],"techniques":[4],"for":[5,33,46,57],"the":[6,23,35,38,48,74,77,84,97,102,124],"computation":[7],"of":[8,22,26,83,93,112,126],"global":[9],"illumination":[10,49],"in":[11,68,76],"environments":[12],"with":[13,61],"a":[14,18,59,62],"participating":[15,63],"medium":[16],"using":[17,108],"Monte":[19,70],"Carlo":[20,71],"simulation":[21,72,79,103],"particle":[24,118],"model":[25],"light.":[27],"Efficient":[28],"algorithms":[29],"and":[30,117],"data":[31],"structures":[32],"tracking":[34],"particles":[36],"inside":[37],"volume":[39],"have":[40,86,105],"been":[41,55,87,106],"developed.":[42],"The":[43],"necessary":[44],"equation":[45],"computing":[47],"along":[50],"any":[51,69],"given":[52],"direction":[53],"has":[54],"derived":[56],"rendering":[58],"scene":[60],"medium.":[64],"A":[65],"major":[66,91],"issue":[67],"is":[73],"uncertainty":[75],"final":[78],"results.":[80],"Various":[81],"steps":[82],"algorithm":[85,104],"analysed":[88],"to":[89,101],"identify":[90],"sources":[92],"uncertainty.":[94],"To":[95],"reduce":[96],"uncertainty,":[98],"suitable":[99],"modifications":[100],"suggested":[107],"variance":[109],"reduction":[110],"methods":[111,129],"forced":[113],"collision,":[114],"absorption":[115],"suppression":[116],"divergence.":[119],"Some":[120],"sample":[121],"scenes":[122],"showing":[123],"results":[125],"applying":[127],"these":[128],"are":[130],"also":[131],"included.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
