{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2150577384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380121102","title":"A machine\u2010independent approach to microprogram synthesis","display_name":"A machine\u2010independent approach to microprogram synthesis","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2150577384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380121102","mag":"2150577384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/spe.4380121102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380121102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122199241","display_name":"Software Practice and Experience","issn_l":"0038-0644","issn":["0038-0644","1097-024X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software: Practice and Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086317697","display_name":"M. Mezzalama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Mezzalama","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto di Elettrotecnica Generale, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Elettrotecnica Generale, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036258272","display_name":"P. Prinetto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2400-8245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Politecnico di Torino","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Prinetto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto di Elettrotecnica Generale, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Elettrotecnica Generale, Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086317697"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"apc_list":{"value":4220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4078,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8989899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"11","first_page":"985","last_page":"1010"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9876999855041504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.972100019454956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8664642572402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcode","display_name":"Microcode","score":0.7494806051254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7074460983276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.594273030757904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5006659030914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.45914196968078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.33068394660949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3221793472766876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.08027446269989014}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8664642572402954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22174128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175869","display_name":"Microcode","level":2,"score":0.7494806051254272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7074460983276367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.594273030757904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5006659030914307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.45914196968078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.33068394660949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3221793472766876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.08027446269989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/spe.4380121102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380121102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122199241","display_name":"Software Practice and Experience","issn_l":"0038-0644","issn":["0038-0644","1097-024X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software: Practice and Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:porto.polito.it:2517920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://porto.polito.it/2517920/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402038","display_name":"PORTO Publications Open Repository TOrino (Politecnico di Torino)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","host_organization_name":"Politecnico di Torino","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:0038-0644","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W136971125","https://openalex.org/W1493792056","https://openalex.org/W1965934672","https://openalex.org/W1995816806","https://openalex.org/W2001461905","https://openalex.org/W2001862172","https://openalex.org/W2049352023","https://openalex.org/W2071569284","https://openalex.org/W2080030172","https://openalex.org/W2087443123","https://openalex.org/W2103834877","https://openalex.org/W2147967446","https://openalex.org/W2281878095"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997369499","https://openalex.org/W2766515706","https://openalex.org/W2044636723","https://openalex.org/W2063225621","https://openalex.org/W1970896199","https://openalex.org/W1984719474","https://openalex.org/W2018292908","https://openalex.org/W1986537102","https://openalex.org/W2013046438","https://openalex.org/W2788308474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,21,58],"paper":[2],"addresses":[3],"the":[4,52],"problem":[5],"of":[6,19,72],"automating":[7],"microprogram":[8,22],"generation,":[9],"starting":[10],"from":[11,16],"a":[12,17,31,64,69],"high\u2010level":[13],"language":[14],"(namely":[15],"subset":[18],"PL/1).":[20],"synthesis":[23],"process":[24,43],"is":[25,61],"structured":[26],"in":[27,30],"four":[28],"steps":[29],"highly":[32],"hierarchical":[33],"way;":[34],"each":[35],"step":[36],"may":[37],"be":[38],"viewed":[39],"as":[40],"an":[41],"independent":[42],"which":[44],"uses":[45],"formal":[46,70],"representations":[47],"for":[48],"both":[49],"data":[50],"(i.e.":[51],"input":[53],"program)":[54],"and":[55,76],"machine":[56],"specifications.":[57],"translation":[59],"system":[60],"based":[62],"on":[63,68],"microcode":[65],"model":[66],"built":[67],"definition":[71],"microoperations,":[73],"microinstruction":[74],"semantics,":[75],"relationships":[77],"among":[78],"microinstructions.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}