{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1993416895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380050106","title":"Solving synchronization problems using semaphores","display_name":"Solving synchronization problems using semaphores","publication_year":1975,"publication_date":"1975-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1993416895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380050106","mag":"1993416895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/spe.4380050106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380050106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122199241","display_name":"Software Practice and Experience","issn_l":"0038-0644","issn":["0038-0644","1097-024X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software: Practice and Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007072315","display_name":"J. E. Radue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. E. Radue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa","Computer Science Department University of Natal Durban 4001 South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department University of Natal Durban 4001 South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059721077","display_name":"J. M. Mullins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Mullins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa","Computer Science Department University of Natal Durban 4001 South Africa"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department University of Natal Durban 4001 South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007072315"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"],"apc_list":{"value":4220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17156543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"51","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14470","display_name":"Advanced Data Processing Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14470","display_name":"Advanced Data Processing Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11125","display_name":"Petri Nets in System Modeling","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9437999725341797,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semaphore","display_name":"Semaphore","score":0.9877004623413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.7690433263778687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.744658350944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queue","display_name":"Queue","score":0.7388928532600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.41276177763938904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23235300183296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.21856334805488586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21263650059700012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95203288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221682","display_name":"Semaphore","level":2,"score":0.9877004623413086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.7690433263778687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.744658350944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160403385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220543","display_name":"Queue","level":2,"score":0.7388928532600403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.41276177763938904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23235300183296204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.21856334805488586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21263650059700012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/spe.4380050106","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/spe.4380050106","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122199241","display_name":"Software Practice and Experience","issn_l":"0038-0644","issn":["0038-0644","1097-024X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Software: Practice and Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023859976","https://openalex.org/W2044689595","https://openalex.org/W2049764332","https://openalex.org/W2079449679","https://openalex.org/W2080133536","https://openalex.org/W2083685962","https://openalex.org/W2100021838","https://openalex.org/W2103444363","https://openalex.org/W2752908210","https://openalex.org/W4255957816","https://openalex.org/W4400185323"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3003341543","https://openalex.org/W2049762404","https://openalex.org/W2390878321","https://openalex.org/W60162714","https://openalex.org/W1739793394","https://openalex.org/W1990738635","https://openalex.org/W2740134768","https://openalex.org/W4236786572","https://openalex.org/W1912976938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"brief":[2],"account":[3],"of":[4,11,17,21],"certain":[5],"extensions":[6],"to":[7,34],"the":[8],"basic":[9],"definition":[10],"semaphores":[12,18],"is":[13,24,28],"given.":[14],"An":[15],"implementation":[16],"as":[19],"controllers":[20],"buffer":[22],"queues":[23],"described":[25],"and":[26],"it":[27],"shown":[29],"how":[30],"this":[31],"was":[32],"used":[33],"solve":[35],"an":[36],"actual":[37],"synchronization":[38],"problem.":[39]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}