{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1969275328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690221009","title":"A study on initial value setting of the back\u2010propagation learning algorithm","display_name":"A study on initial value setting of the back\u2010propagation learning algorithm","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1969275328","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690221009","mag":"1969275328"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690221009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690221009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109266126","display_name":"Qi Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136259955","display_name":"Toyohashi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezg6d83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qi Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan 441","Q i Jia received a B.S. in Control Engineering from the Science and Technology University of China in 1985, obtained a Master's degree from Toyohashi University of Technology in 1989, and is currently in the doctoral program there continuing his research on neural networks"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan 441","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Q i Jia received a B.S. in Control Engineering from the Science and Technology University of China in 1985, obtained a Master's degree from Toyohashi University of Technology in 1989, and is currently in the doctoral program there continuing his research on neural networks","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047185748","display_name":"Naohiro Toda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8475-5827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136259955","display_name":"Toyohashi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezg6d83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naohiro Toda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan 441","Naohiro Toda received a B.S. in Information and Computer Science from Toyohashi University of Technology in 1985 and obtained a Dr. of Eng. degree from there in 1990. He then became an Assistant Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology the same year. He is engaged in research on the analysis of nonlinear and nonstationary systems in biological systems. He is a member of the Measurement and Automation Society"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan 441","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Naohiro Toda received a B.S. in Information and Computer Science from Toyohashi University of Technology in 1985 and obtained a Dr. of Eng. degree from there in 1990. He then became an Assistant Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology the same year. He is engaged in research on the analysis of nonlinear and nonstationary systems in biological systems. He is a member of the Measurement and Automation Society","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109042215","display_name":"Shiro Usui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136259955","display_name":"Toyohashi University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezg6d83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158188","display_name":"Japan Society","ror":"https://ror.org/05191c058","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158188"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125006","display_name":"Japanese Society of Physiological Anthropology","ror":"https://ror.org/02xv7km65","country_code":"JP","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125006"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiro Usui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan 441","Shiroo Usui received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Gifu University in 1966 and obtained a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1974. He became an Assistant Professor at Nagoya University the same year. In 1979, he continued as Lecturer and Associate Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology and in 1986 became a full Professor. Currently, he is engaged in research on biological signal processing, physiological engineering, etc. He is the author of Fundamental of Biological Signal Processing. H e is a member of the Electrical Society; Measurement and Auto- mation Society; Information Processing Society, Japan; ME Society; Japan Physiological Society; Japan Neuroscience Association; Neural Network Society; INNS; and IEEE","Japan Physiological Society","Information Processing Society, Japan","Measurement and Auto- mation Society","IEEE","Japan Neuroscience Association","ME Society","Shiroo Usui received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Gifu University in 1966 and obtained a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1974. He became an Assistant Professor at Nagoya University the same year. In 1979, he continued as Lecturer and Associate Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology and in 1986 became a full Professor. Currently, he is engaged in research on biological signal processing, physiological engineering, etc. He is the author of Fundamental of Biological Signal Processing. H e is a member of the Electrical Society","Neural Network Society"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Japan 441","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shiroo Usui received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Gifu University in 1966 and obtained a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1974. He became an Assistant Professor at Nagoya University the same year. In 1979, he continued as Lecturer and Associate Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology and in 1986 became a full Professor. Currently, he is engaged in research on biological signal processing, physiological engineering, etc. He is the author of Fundamental of Biological Signal Processing. H e is a member of the Electrical Society; Measurement and Auto- mation Society; Information Processing Society, Japan; ME Society; Japan Physiological Society; Japan Neuroscience Association; Neural Network Society; INNS; and IEEE","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Physiological Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125006"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Processing Society, Japan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Measurement and Auto- mation Society","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IEEE","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Neuroscience Association","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ME Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158188"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shiroo Usui received a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Gifu University in 1966 and obtained a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1974. He became an Assistant Professor at Nagoya University the same year. In 1979, he continued as Lecturer and Associate Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology and in 1986 became a full Professor. Currently, he is engaged in research on biological signal processing, physiological engineering, etc. He is the author of Fundamental of Biological Signal Processing. H e is a member of the Electrical Society","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neural Network Society","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109266126"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136259955"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0354,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78971325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"10","first_page":"80","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9764000177383423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.8670847415924072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7202981114387512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.689411997795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6866015791893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6413293480873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedforward-neural-network","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","score":0.616102933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.5895705223083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.47139909863471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rprop","display_name":"Rprop","score":0.44887614250183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41042786836624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.29431796073913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/types-of-artificial-neural-networks","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","score":0.21322497725486755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-delay-neural-network","display_name":"Time delay neural network","score":0.18930763006210327}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.8670847415924072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7202981114387512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.689411997795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6866015791893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6413293480873108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47702885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441227","display_name":"Feedforward neural network","level":3,"score":0.616102933883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.5895705223083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47139909863471985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98359873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320470","display_name":"Rprop","level":5,"score":0.44887614250183105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41042786836624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29431796073913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177973122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860946","display_name":"Types of artificial neural networks","level":4,"score":0.21322497725486755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175202392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434543","display_name":"Time delay neural network","level":3,"score":0.18930763006210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690221009","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690221009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580142630","https://openalex.org/W1971206396","https://openalex.org/W2101927907","https://openalex.org/W2110200678","https://openalex.org/W3207342693","https://openalex.org/W4300402905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540883726","https://openalex.org/W2109530046","https://openalex.org/W3005666459","https://openalex.org/W275051247","https://openalex.org/W2918103456","https://openalex.org/W2371065793","https://openalex.org/W200738318","https://openalex.org/W2497655912","https://openalex.org/W4300200276","https://openalex.org/W1520502672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"There":[1],"is":[2,82,97,106,120],"no":[3],"known":[4],"systematic":[5],"method":[6,27,74,105],"for":[7,16,49,108],"setting":[8],"the":[9,25,66,72,84,93,114],"initial":[10,77,110],"values":[11,111],"of":[12,28,68,87,95,101],"weights":[13],"and":[14,69,117],"thresholds":[15],"backpropagation":[17],"learning":[18],"in":[19],"multilayer":[20,51],"feedforward":[21,52],"neural":[22,53],"networks.":[23],"Thus,":[24],"trial\u2010and\u2010error":[26],"providing":[29],"random":[30,76],"numbers":[31],"distributed":[32],"evenly":[33],"over":[34],"a":[35,50,88,103],"certain":[36],"range":[37,86],"has":[38],"come":[39],"to":[40,55],"be":[41],"commonly":[42],"used.":[43],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"defines":[46],"characteristic":[47],"parameters":[48],"network":[54],"examine":[56],"its":[57,118],"information":[58],"transmission":[59],"capabilities":[60],"and,":[61],"using":[62,75],"those":[63],"parameters,":[64],"clarifies":[65],"behavior":[67],"problems":[70],"with":[71],"conventional":[73],"values.":[78],"One":[79],"such":[80],"problem":[81],"that":[83],"active":[85,115],"unit":[89],"narrows":[90],"rapidly":[91],"as":[92],"number":[94],"inputs":[96],"increased.":[98],"In":[99],"view":[100],"this,":[102],"new":[104],"proposed":[107],"determining":[109],"which":[112],"expand":[113],"range;":[116],"usefulness":[119],"shown":[121],"through":[122],"numerical":[123],"experiments.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
