{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1997532705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690210306","title":"Universal Fault\u2010Tolerant Hypercube Architecture without a Switching Mechanism","display_name":"Universal Fault\u2010Tolerant Hypercube Architecture without a Switching Mechanism","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1997532705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690210306","mag":"1997532705"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690210306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690210306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111423039","display_name":"Tsutomu Ishikawa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2251713219","display_name":"NTT (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/00berct97","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tsutomu Ishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Communications and Information Processing Laboratories, Musashino, Japan 180","Tsutomu Ishikawa received a BS degree in Electrical Communication and Applied Physics from Electrical Communication College in 1970. He joined NTT Communications and Information Laboratories, Musashino, Tokyo in 1970. He has been working on main memory hardware, high reliability techniques, parallel processing, and knowledge-based processing. Currently he is a principal staff member at the NTT Communications and Information Laboratories. He is a member of Society of Artificial Intelligence and IEEE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Communications and Information Processing Laboratories, Musashino, Japan 180","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsutomu Ishikawa received a BS degree in Electrical Communication and Applied Physics from Electrical Communication College in 1970. He joined NTT Communications and Information Laboratories, Musashino, Tokyo in 1970. He has been working on main memory hardware, high reliability techniques, parallel processing, and knowledge-based processing. Currently he is a principal staff member at the NTT Communications and Information Laboratories. He is a member of Society of Artificial Intelligence and IEEE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111423039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2251713219"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4923,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70445344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"57","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypercube","display_name":"Hypercube","score":0.9330483078956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spare-part","display_name":"Spare part","score":0.8243104815483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7255423069000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.7167453169822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hamming-distance","display_name":"Hamming distance","score":0.6671048998832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6308812499046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cube","display_name":"Cube (algebra)","score":0.5915617346763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5011646747589111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38242632150650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.38236933946609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26717880368232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2548154592514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.21264401078224182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09069961309432983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50820777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213723","display_name":"Hypercube","level":2,"score":0.9330483078956604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194648553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364774","display_name":"Spare part","level":2,"score":0.8243104815483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7255423069000244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.7167453169822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193319292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272172","display_name":"Hamming distance","level":2,"score":0.6671048998832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6308812499046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53051483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861555","display_name":"Cube (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5915617346763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5011646747589111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38242632150650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.38236933946609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26717880368232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2548154592514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.21264401078224182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09069961309432983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690210306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690210306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65285716","https://openalex.org/W2000520907","https://openalex.org/W2016889832","https://openalex.org/W2053039612","https://openalex.org/W2062496174","https://openalex.org/W2081942300","https://openalex.org/W2402688197","https://openalex.org/W4234345682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2135693030","https://openalex.org/W2157828285","https://openalex.org/W2361284192","https://openalex.org/W4250393251","https://openalex.org/W2164245886","https://openalex.org/W2120906584","https://openalex.org/W206061423","https://openalex.org/W2053829285","https://openalex.org/W2384813795","https://openalex.org/W2122785676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,10,65],"paper":[2],"proposes":[3],"a":[4,16,60],"new":[5],"universal":[6],"fault\u2010tolerant":[7,18],"hypercube":[8,19],"architecture.":[9],"architecture":[11,66],"is":[12,31,98],"obtained":[13],"by":[14,33,52],"constructing":[15],"basic":[17,29],"and":[20,51,73,82,122],"expanding":[21],"it":[22],"using":[23,44],"the":[24,45,69,76,92,104,110],"product":[25],"of":[26,78,94,106,113],"graphs.":[27],"The":[28],"cube":[30],"constructed":[32],"partitioning":[34],"all":[35,54],"processing":[36],"elements":[37],"(PEs)":[38],"into":[39],"subsets":[40],"with":[41],"weak":[42],"connectivity":[43],"Hamming":[46],"distance":[47],"between":[48],"PE":[49,62,96,108,114],"numbers":[50],"connecting":[53],"PEs":[55,121],"in":[56],"each":[57],"subset":[58],"to":[59,86,100],"spare":[61,95],"through":[63],"buses.":[64],"can":[67,83,115],"maintain":[68],"original":[70,107,120],"network":[71],"topology":[72],"size":[74,88],"without":[75],"addition":[77],"any":[79,87],"switching":[80],"hardware":[81],"be":[84,116],"applied":[85],"hypercube.":[89],"Moreover,":[90],"because":[91],"number":[93,105],"ports":[97],"equal":[99],"or":[101],"fewer":[102],"than":[103],"ports,":[109],"same":[111],"kind":[112],"used":[117],"for":[118],"both":[119],"spares.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}