{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971396794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200108","title":"An approximate encoding scheme for line\u2010drawings using the concept of vector quantization","display_name":"An approximate encoding scheme for line\u2010drawings using the concept of vector quantization","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971396794","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200108","mag":"1971396794"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690200108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113802539","display_name":"Shiro Handa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiro Handa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 657","Shiro Handa graduated in 1978 from Dept. Electronic Eng., Fac. Eng., Shinshu University and completed the Master's Program in 1980. He obtained a Dr. of Engineering degree in 1982 and became an Assistant in Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University. He is engaged in research on information theory and its applications"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 657","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shiro Handa graduated in 1978 from Dept. Electronic Eng., Fac. Eng., Shinshu University and completed the Master's Program in 1980. He obtained a Dr. of Engineering degree in 1982 and became an Assistant in Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University. He is engaged in research on information theory and its applications","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064096191","display_name":"Hideki Inoue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8624-6524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideki Inoue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 657","Hideki Inoue graduated in 1985 from Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University and obtained an M.S. from there in 1987. He then affiliated with NTT. In graduate school he engaged in research on image processing"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 657","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hideki Inoue graduated in 1985 from Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University and obtained an M.S. from there in 1987. He then affiliated with NTT. In graduate school he engaged in research on image processing","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103740986","display_name":"Hatsukazu Tanaka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hatsukazu Tanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 657","Hatsukazu Tanaka graduated in 1964 from Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University. He obtained a Dr. of Engineering degree in 1969 from Osaka University, He became an Assistant in 1969 in the Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Osaka Pref. University. In 1973, he was an Assoc. Prof. in Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University. He was a Visiting Researcher 1980-1981 Univ. at Toronto. He is engaged in research on basic aspects of communication and information, such as information theory, code theory and cryptography"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan 657","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hatsukazu Tanaka graduated in 1964 from Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University. He obtained a Dr. of Engineering degree in 1969 from Osaka University, He became an Assistant in 1969 in the Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Osaka Pref. University. In 1973, he was an Assoc. Prof. in Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Kobe University. He was a Visiting Researcher 1980-1981 Univ. at Toronto. He is engaged in research on basic aspects of communication and information, such as information theory, code theory and cryptography","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113802539"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1083388,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"74","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.8613432049751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6718558669090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.6346653699874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5675920844078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5513213276863098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.5160912871360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36015671491622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3354807496070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.0930509865283966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07308575510978699}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.8613432049751282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6718558669090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.6346653699874878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5675920844078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5513213276863098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.5160912871360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36015671491622925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3354807496070862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0930509865283966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07308575510978699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690200108","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W307244417","https://openalex.org/W2128160875","https://openalex.org/W2134383396","https://openalex.org/W2145541334"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2317200988","https://openalex.org/W1539956819","https://openalex.org/W2093152993","https://openalex.org/W2052122378","https://openalex.org/W2544423928","https://openalex.org/W2378212145","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W3209251257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,83],"paper":[2,84],"proposes":[3,85],"an":[4,14,111],"encoding":[5,15,36,102,112,116],"scheme":[6],"based":[7],"on":[8,105],"the":[9,52,60,63,69,77,80,96,99,106,115,124],"concept":[10,31],"of":[11,22],"vector":[12,26,109],"quantization,":[13,66],"method":[16,37,113,131],"for":[17,38,62],"storing":[18],"a":[19,29,33,86,135,143],"large":[20],"amount":[21],"digital":[23],"line\u2010drawings.":[24],"The":[25,130],"quantization":[27],"is":[28,57,72,118,121,127,132,146],"well\u2010known":[30],"as":[32,50,59],"highly":[34],"efficient":[35],"speech":[39],"and":[40,91,138],"image":[41],"at":[42],"low":[43],"transmission":[44],"rate.":[45],"In":[46],"time\u2010series":[47],"data":[48],"such":[49],"speech,":[51],"mean\u2010square":[53],"distortion":[54,64,100],"per":[55,152],"sample":[56,81],"employed":[58],"measure":[61],"in":[65,68,101],"while":[67],"line\u2010drawing,":[70],"it":[71,139],"difficult":[73],"clearly":[74],"to":[75,79,134],"specify":[76],"correspondence":[78],"points.":[82],"matching":[87],"by":[88,148],"dynamic":[89],"programming":[90],"demonstrates":[92],"its":[93],"validity.":[94],"From":[95],"viewpoint":[97],"that":[98,123,142],"depends":[103],"greatly":[104],"connections":[107],"among":[108],"patterns,":[110],"permitting":[114],"delay":[117],"proposed.":[119],"It":[120],"shown":[122],"distortion\u2010rate":[125],"performance":[126],"improved":[128],"drastically.":[129],"applied":[133],"geographical":[136],"map,":[137],"was":[140],"verified":[141],"satisfactory":[144],"figure":[145],"reproduced":[147],"approximately":[149],"1.0":[150],"bit":[151],"line":[153],"pixel.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}