{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169801530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200105","title":"A video tape production system with digital captions in a code format for the deaf","display_name":"A video tape production system with digital captions in a code format for the deaf","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169801530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200105","mag":"2169801530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690200105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058960117","display_name":"Satoshi Nishikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0905-8615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146399215","display_name":"University of Tsukuba","ror":"https://ror.org/02956yf07","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satoshi Nishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Satoshi Nishikawa graduated in 1978 from Coll. Nat. Sci., 1st cluster of Coll's, Univ. Tsukuba. He completed the Master's Program in 1982, and the doctoral program in 1985. He was a Research Associate in 1985 at Univ. Tsukuba. He is engaged in research in mathematics, physics, information engineering, electronic engineering, human engineering, education engineering and education of the disabled","School Education Center, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan 112 FOR-A Co. Ltd., Chibi, Japan 285"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Satoshi Nishikawa graduated in 1978 from Coll. Nat. Sci., 1st cluster of Coll's, Univ. Tsukuba. He completed the Master's Program in 1982, and the doctoral program in 1985. He was a Research Associate in 1985 at Univ. Tsukuba. He is engaged in research in mathematics, physics, information engineering, electronic engineering, human engineering, education engineering and education of the disabled","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School Education Center, University of Tsukuba, Tokyo, Japan 112 FOR-A Co. Ltd., Chibi, Japan 285","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103438320","display_name":"Hidechika Takahashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hidechika Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hidechika Takahashi graduated in 1960 from Dept. Math., Fac. Art & Sci., Saitama Univ. He affiliated with Inst. Solid State Phys. and Inst. Nucl. Study, Univ. Tokyo, Data Proc. Div., Nat. Lab. for High Energy Phys. He is presently a Prof. in Cent. School Educ., Univ. Tsukuba. He is engaged in research on information processing engineering, information science, highenergy physics, education engineering and sensory substitution","Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hidechika Takahashi graduated in 1960 from Dept. Math., Fac. Art & Sci., Saitama Univ. He affiliated with Inst. Solid State Phys. and Inst. Nucl. Study, Univ. Tokyo, Data Proc. Div., Nat. Lab. for High Energy Phys. He is presently a Prof. in Cent. School Educ., Univ. Tsukuba. He is engaged in research on information processing engineering, information science, highenergy physics, education engineering and sensory substitution","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101628421","display_name":"Masayuki Kobayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1688-3277"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masayuki Kobayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Masayuki Kobayashi graduated in 1970 from Dept. Electronic Eng., Fac. Eng., Muroran Inst. Tech. He completed the Master's Program in 1974 and affiliated with For. A. Co. He is presently with Broadcast Group, 2nd Div. Develop","Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Masayuki Kobayashi graduated in 1970 from Dept. Electronic Eng., Fac. Eng., Muroran Inst. Tech. He completed the Master's Program in 1974 and affiliated with For. A. Co. He is presently with Broadcast Group, 2nd Div. Develop","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026066390","display_name":"Katsuhiro Kabe","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katsuhiro Kabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Katsuhiro Kabe graduated in 1984 from Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Sci. Univ. Tokyo and affiliated with For. A Co. He is presently with Image Processing Gr., Tech. Div","Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Katsuhiro Kabe graduated in 1984 from Dept. Electrical Eng., Fac. Eng., Sci. Univ. Tokyo and affiliated with For. A Co. He is presently with Image Processing Gr., Tech. Div","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045250643","display_name":"Tsutomu Takiguchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsutomu Takiguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140","Tsutomu Takiguchi graduated in 1971 from Dept. Math. Fac. Sci. Eng., Sci. Univ. Tokyo. In 1971, affiliated with Jap. Software Co., in 1972 with Fujitsu Social Sci. Lab., and in 1986 with Heulis Co. He is engaged primarily in development of communication software. He is the coauthor of Handbook for Software Engineeping"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nonmembers Hulis Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 140","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsutomu Takiguchi graduated in 1971 from Dept. Math. Fac. Sci. Eng., Sci. Univ. Tokyo. In 1971, affiliated with Jap. Software Co., in 1972 with Fujitsu Social Sci. Lab., and in 1986 with Heulis Co. He is engaged primarily in development of communication software. He is the coauthor of Handbook for Software Engineeping","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058960117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146399215"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30661765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"47"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9506999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7991580963134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.5597746968269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5401493310928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5033673644065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-video","display_name":"Digital video","score":0.5027306079864502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.47635531425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4648308753967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.45689794421195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.44061875343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4019184112548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3840996325016022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3811894357204437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3350614309310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3231472969055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.144886314868927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1357988715171814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7991580963134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.5597746968269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5401493310928345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5033673644065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988454689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173131","display_name":"Digital video","level":3,"score":0.5027306079864502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.47635531425476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4648308753967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.45689794421195984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.44061875343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4019184112548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3840996325016022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3811894357204437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3350614309310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3231472969055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.144886314868927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1357988715171814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/scj.4690200105","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690200105","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982290035","https://openalex.org/W2035337101"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1569283511","https://openalex.org/W2216757598","https://openalex.org/W4236193183","https://openalex.org/W3013209356","https://openalex.org/W2053866214","https://openalex.org/W4387496629","https://openalex.org/W2607505004","https://openalex.org/W2231795205","https://openalex.org/W2523632547","https://openalex.org/W2052899165"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"authors":[2],"have":[3],"been":[4],"involved":[5],"for":[6,19,24,138],"8":[7],"years":[8],"on":[9,110],"R&amp;D":[10],"as":[11,13],"well":[12],"improvement":[14],"of":[15,60,68,152,175],"the":[16,25,58,61,66,69,72,85,88,96,99,103,111,123,136,145,153,163,169,176],"production":[17],"system":[18],"videotapes":[20],"with":[21,87],"digital":[22],"captions":[23,104],"deaf,":[26],"using":[27],"Japanese":[28],"word":[29],"processors.":[30],"A":[31],"prototype":[32],"was":[33,47,81,117,131],"developed":[34,48],"in":[35,49],"July":[36],"1982,":[37],"and":[38,71,98,144,155,173],"a":[39,78,93,127,134],"pattern":[40],"information":[41,45,129],"synthesizer":[42],"VIP":[43],"(video":[44],"processor)\u20102000":[46],"April":[50],"1983.":[51],"Captions":[52],"which":[53,91,125,161],"are":[54],"almost":[55,75],"faithful":[56],"to":[57,83,107],"speech":[59],"performer":[62],"were":[63,74,105],"synthesized":[64],"into":[65],"scene":[67],"program,":[70],"results":[73],"satisfactory.":[76],"However,":[77],"certain":[79],"time":[80,137],"needed":[82],"synthesize":[84],"caption":[86,97,139],"video":[89],"scene,":[90],"produced":[92],"delay":[94],"between":[95],"mouth":[100],"movement.":[101],"Sometimes,":[102],"difficult":[106],"read":[108],"depending":[109],"background,":[112],"since":[113],"no":[114],"vertical":[115,146],"edge":[116,147],"provided.":[118,149],"To":[119],"solve":[120],"these":[121],"problems,":[122],"VIP\u20104000,":[124],"is":[126,141,148],"coded":[128],"synthesizer,":[130],"developed.":[132],"As":[133],"result,":[135],"synthesis":[140],"reduced":[142],"drastically":[143],"Furthermore,":[150],"coloring":[151],"characters":[154],"inhibition":[156],"rules":[157],"can":[158],"be":[159],"applied,":[160],"helps":[162],"visual":[164],"sensation.":[165],"This":[166],"paper":[167],"describes":[168],"hardware,":[170],"software,":[171],"features,":[172],"performances":[174],"VIP\u20104000.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
