{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414427621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.70083","title":"Condition\u2010Based Maintenance and Switchover Policy for Cold\u2010Warm Mixed Standby Systems With Imperfect Switching and Maintenance","display_name":"Condition\u2010Based Maintenance and Switchover Policy for Cold\u2010Warm Mixed Standby Systems With Imperfect Switching and Maintenance","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414427621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.70083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/qre.70083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.70083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165633816","display_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","issn_l":"0748-8017","issn":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044400393","display_name":"Qianqian Tao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46305995","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01wcbdc92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianqian Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Industrial and System Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","School of Electronic Information Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","School of Electronic Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2795-9214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Industrial and System Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100330114","display_name":"Xiaohong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2973-5663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46305995","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01wcbdc92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Industrial and System Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","School of Economics and Management Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","School of Electronic Information Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Equipment Intelligence  Taiyuan China","School of Electronic Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China","Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Equipment Intelligence, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Industrial and System Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Equipment Intelligence  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Equipment Intelligence, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100653367","display_name":"Wenli Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-8126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46305995","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01wcbdc92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenli Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062762822","display_name":"Guannan Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8751-5098"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46305995","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01wcbdc92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guannan Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Industrial and System Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","School of Economics and Management Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","Division of Industrial and System Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Industrial and System Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management Taiyuan University of Science and Technology  Taiyuan China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Industrial and System Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100330114"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46305995","https://openalex.org/I9086337"],"apc_list":{"value":4330,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4330},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27444832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":"317","last_page":"336"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10968","display_name":"Statistical Distribution Estimation and Applications","score":0.9726999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switchover","display_name":"Switchover","score":0.8513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperfect","display_name":"Imperfect","score":0.6517000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corrective-maintenance","display_name":"Corrective maintenance","score":0.5027999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maintenance-engineering","display_name":"Maintenance engineering","score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4814999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124200919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2373346","display_name":"Switchover","level":2,"score":0.8513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.6818000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.6517000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129529059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2291518","display_name":"Corrective maintenance","level":3,"score":0.5027999877929688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23725684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616377","display_name":"Maintenance engineering","level":2,"score":0.48539999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4814999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776671899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098945","display_name":"Optimal maintenance","level":2,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24090081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043452","display_name":"Preventive maintenance","level":2,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4092000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61352017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211058","display_name":"Circuit breaker","level":2,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776907094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043452","display_name":"Condition-based maintenance","level":2,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2728999853134155}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/qre.70083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.70083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165633816","display_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","issn_l":"0748-8017","issn":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G549178063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72501198,72071183","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963752479","https://openalex.org/W1972933745","https://openalex.org/W1982214089","https://openalex.org/W1992518474","https://openalex.org/W2013327704","https://openalex.org/W2055420588","https://openalex.org/W2072054862","https://openalex.org/W2073675620","https://openalex.org/W2077943229","https://openalex.org/W2394544993","https://openalex.org/W2607700440","https://openalex.org/W2888078305","https://openalex.org/W2905308416","https://openalex.org/W2962807084","https://openalex.org/W2962884593","https://openalex.org/W2998632257","https://openalex.org/W3005651860","https://openalex.org/W3021311111","https://openalex.org/W3105983797","https://openalex.org/W3179287908","https://openalex.org/W3192953461","https://openalex.org/W3200424980","https://openalex.org/W4210925918","https://openalex.org/W4221087146","https://openalex.org/W4310525424","https://openalex.org/W4317935263","https://openalex.org/W4368362880","https://openalex.org/W4379988318","https://openalex.org/W4384498913","https://openalex.org/W4386646660","https://openalex.org/W4387233014","https://openalex.org/W4387476864","https://openalex.org/W4388101743","https://openalex.org/W4388283344","https://openalex.org/W4391130222","https://openalex.org/W4391953003","https://openalex.org/W4392126457","https://openalex.org/W4394622639","https://openalex.org/W4402088842","https://openalex.org/W4402405131","https://openalex.org/W4404087324","https://openalex.org/W4404212837","https://openalex.org/W4404886664","https://openalex.org/W4406416106"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Cold\u2010warm":[1],"mixed":[2,207],"standby":[3,73,208],"systems":[4,74],"are":[5,219],"common":[6],"redundancy":[7],"structures":[8],"in":[9,20,42,173,205,211],"engineering":[10],"practice,":[11],"where":[12,214],"periodic":[13,81],"switching":[14,29,47,65,82,96,151,216],"and":[15,24,30,48,55,66,83,97,112,132,153,202,217],"maintenance":[16,31,49,68,113,154,187,200,218],"play":[17],"crucial":[18],"roles":[19],"ensuring":[21],"economic":[22],"efficiency":[23],"reliable":[25],"system":[26,53,110,172],"operation.":[27],"The":[28,178,191],"requirements":[32],"depend":[33],"on":[34,166],"the":[35,39,43,56,91,106,128,138,147,161,182],"combined":[36],"states":[37,111],"of":[38,58,109,149],"individual":[40],"units":[41],"system.":[44],"However,":[45],"imperfect":[46,76,95,215],"can":[50],"directly":[51],"affect":[52],"performance":[54],"effectiveness":[57],"related":[59],"policies.":[60],"This":[61],"study":[62],"investigates":[63],"optimal":[64,150],"condition\u2010based":[67],"(CBM)":[69],"decisions":[70],"for":[71,198],"cold\u2010warm":[72,206],"under":[75],"switchover":[77],"conditions.":[78],"First,":[79],"a":[80,143,157,167,174,195],"offline":[84],"CBM":[85,184],"policy":[86,185,193],"was":[87,164],"developed":[88],"that":[89,126,181],"addresses":[90],"challenges":[92],"posed":[93],"by":[94,100,189],"maintenance.":[98],"Second,":[99],"analyzing":[101],"various":[102],"state":[103],"transition":[104],"characteristics,":[105],"probability":[107],"distributions":[108],"activities":[114],"at":[115],"each":[116],"inspection":[117,130,134],"were":[118],"derived.":[119],"Then,":[120],"formulated":[121],"an":[122],"analytical":[123],"optimization":[124],"model":[125],"considers":[127],"constant":[129],"interval":[131,135,152],"non\u2010periodic":[133],"to":[136],"minimize":[137],"average":[139],"cost":[140],"rate":[141],"over":[142],"specified":[144],"period,":[145],"enabling":[146],"determination":[148],"thresholds":[155],"using":[156],"genetic":[158],"algorithm.":[159],"Finally,":[160],"proposed":[162,183,192],"method":[163],"validated":[165],"stator":[168],"cooling":[169],"water":[170],"pump":[171],"steam":[175],"turbine":[176],"generator.":[177],"results":[179],"demonstrated":[180],"reduced":[186],"costs":[188,201],"7.8%.":[190],"offers":[194],"practical":[196],"framework":[197],"reducing":[199],"improving":[203],"reliability":[204],"systems,":[209],"particularly":[210],"industrial":[212],"applications":[213],"unavoidable.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}