{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004419154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.2634","title":"Large\u2010scale systems resilience: A survey and unifying framework","display_name":"Large\u2010scale systems resilience: A survey and unifying framework","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004419154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.2634","mag":"3004419154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/qre.2634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.2634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165633816","display_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","issn_l":"0748-8017","issn":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084746817","display_name":"Lijuan Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3906-4250"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lijuan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Z\u00fcrich, Future Resilient Systems Singapore\u2010ETH Centre  Singapore Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3906-4250","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Z\u00fcrich, Future Resilient Systems Singapore\u2010ETH Centre  Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024254733","display_name":"Beatrice Cassottana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5856-9361"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beatrice Cassottana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore","Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065497211","display_name":"Hans Rudolf Heinimann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-2682"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans Rudolf Heinimann","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Z\u00fcrich, Future Resilient Systems Singapore\u2010ETH Centre  Singapore Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Z\u00fcrich, Future Resilient Systems Singapore\u2010ETH Centre  Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005822698","display_name":"Loon Ching Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3363-4566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Loon Ching Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore","Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3363-4566","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005822698"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"],"apc_list":{"value":4330,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4330},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7189,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89050267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"4","first_page":"1386","last_page":"1401"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11864","display_name":"Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management","score":0.9857000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.7336069345474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5863898396492004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5639891624450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurability","display_name":"Reconfigurability","score":0.5489587783813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5197262763977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45628201961517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4543534815311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.44881126284599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.44744378328323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.43956810235977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.40961673855781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.19767653942108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1712554693222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10884749889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.102283775806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.09264352917671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06111660599708557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.7336069345474243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5863898396492004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5639891624450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302742","display_name":"Reconfigurability","level":2,"score":0.5489587783813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5197262763977051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45628201961517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4543534815311432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.44881126284599304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.44744378328323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.43956810235977173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.40961673855781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.19767653942108154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1712554693222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10884749889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.102283775806427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.09264352917671204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06111660599708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/qre.2634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/qre.2634","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S165633816","display_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","issn_l":"0748-8017","issn":["0748-8017","1099-1638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quality and Reliability Engineering International","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140379870","https://openalex.org/W653152665","https://openalex.org/W1424318399","https://openalex.org/W1480210583","https://openalex.org/W1502208683","https://openalex.org/W1546175941","https://openalex.org/W1969471618","https://openalex.org/W1980300379","https://openalex.org/W1983669614","https://openalex.org/W2007045743","https://openalex.org/W2007834894","https://openalex.org/W2011303397","https://openalex.org/W2013223227","https://openalex.org/W2013750707","https://openalex.org/W2022159321","https://openalex.org/W2025216328","https://openalex.org/W2027900606","https://openalex.org/W2034351791","https://openalex.org/W2058531341","https://openalex.org/W2062386269","https://openalex.org/W2066218980","https://openalex.org/W2069639155","https://openalex.org/W2079591656","https://openalex.org/W2084780045","https://openalex.org/W2088362760","https://openalex.org/W2090101521","https://openalex.org/W2101645659","https://openalex.org/W2104285835","https://openalex.org/W2110013894","https://openalex.org/W2122526583","https://openalex.org/W2123549728","https://openalex.org/W2129214473","https://openalex.org/W2133821486","https://openalex.org/W2135555519","https://openalex.org/W2136897491","https://openalex.org/W2139973904","https://openalex.org/W2142648073","https://openalex.org/W2156264138","https://openalex.org/W2161477551","https://openalex.org/W2179539726","https://openalex.org/W2187699853","https://openalex.org/W2254046393","https://openalex.org/W2542722833","https://openalex.org/W2546440174","https://openalex.org/W2603595920","https://openalex.org/W2740976074","https://openalex.org/W2789514784","https://openalex.org/W2802535971","https://openalex.org/W2900019985","https://openalex.org/W2915381317","https://openalex.org/W2944290312","https://openalex.org/W2947658265","https://openalex.org/W3101034249","https://openalex.org/W4361287642","https://openalex.org/W6629973669","https://openalex.org/W6634762800","https://openalex.org/W6857482350"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152033542","https://openalex.org/W2389865583","https://openalex.org/W2375377960","https://openalex.org/W4248269182","https://openalex.org/W2382096653","https://openalex.org/W2952775341","https://openalex.org/W2699649192","https://openalex.org/W2015799581","https://openalex.org/W2374792105","https://openalex.org/W2019501673"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1],"unifying":[2,52],"framework":[3,58],"in":[4,59,64],"defining":[5],"and":[6,34,79,84],"measuring":[7],"resilience":[8,18,42,66,92],"has":[9],"been":[10],"an":[11],"intense":[12],"research":[13],"topic.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"paper,":[17],"is":[19,70],"measured":[20],"as":[21,46],"a":[22,28,57],"function":[23],"of":[24,27,32,49,93],"intrinsic":[25],"capacities":[26],"system,":[29],"the":[30,35,50,61,91,98],"effectiveness":[31],"recovery,":[33,78],"extrinsic":[36],"random":[37],"shock":[38],"process.":[39],"Some":[40],"existing":[41],"measures":[43],"are":[44,67,87],"analyzed":[45],"special":[47],"cases":[48],"proposed":[51,88,99],"measure.":[53],"Then,":[54],"we":[55],"develop":[56],"which":[60],"key":[62,74],"constituents":[63],"achieving":[65],"identified.":[68],"Resilience":[69],"represented":[71],"by":[72],"four":[73],"dimensions:":[75],"reliability,":[76],"robustness,":[77],"reconfigurability.":[80],"Finally,":[81],"some":[82],"practical":[83],"specific":[85],"strategies":[86],"to":[89],"enhance":[90],"critical":[94],"infrastructure":[95],"systems":[96],"under":[97],"framework.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}