{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072796187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070304","title":"A fast algorithm for reliability calculations in sparse networks","display_name":"A fast algorithm for reliability calculations in sparse networks","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072796187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070304","mag":"2072796187"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.3230070304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034372518","display_name":"Nicolas Spyratos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3432-8608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Spyratos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University Ottawa, Canada","Carleton University / Ottawa / Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University / Ottawa / Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079471541","display_name":"Anne Bowen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Bowen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carleton University Ottawa, Canada","Carleton University / Ottawa / Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carleton University / Ottawa / Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034372518"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8825,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86758193,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"227","last_page":"246"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11941","display_name":"Power System Reliability and Maintenance","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9054999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.7715200185775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.7438958287239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminal","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","score":0.6946110725402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.6209670901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6066925525665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.577843189239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5361758470535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition-method","display_name":"Decomposition method (queueing theory)","score":0.488988995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-function","display_name":"Exponential function","score":0.4698604345321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.38896816968917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3855953812599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.16641131043434143}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.7715200185775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.7438958287239075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779664074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3518405","display_name":"Terminal (telecommunication)","level":2,"score":0.6946110725402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.6209670901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6066925525665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.577843189239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5361758470535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16918986","display_name":"Decomposition method (queueing theory)","level":2,"score":0.488988995552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151376022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168698","display_name":"Exponential function","level":2,"score":0.4698604345321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.38896816968917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3855953812599182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.16641131043434143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.3230070304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1984078258","https://openalex.org/W1992632827","https://openalex.org/W2002919235","https://openalex.org/W2022427172","https://openalex.org/W2025561467","https://openalex.org/W2056885833","https://openalex.org/W2075349347","https://openalex.org/W2089213868","https://openalex.org/W2092771335","https://openalex.org/W2115827676","https://openalex.org/W2116804326","https://openalex.org/W2169717654","https://openalex.org/W4248218039"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493010546","https://openalex.org/W2153629319","https://openalex.org/W2330487432","https://openalex.org/W239705756","https://openalex.org/W2104316494","https://openalex.org/W156119379","https://openalex.org/W2082139080","https://openalex.org/W1579750695","https://openalex.org/W2078830435","https://openalex.org/W4231015910"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,64],"calculation":[2],"of":[3,18,47,69],"terminal":[4,70],"reliability":[5,36],"in":[6,15,41],"other":[7],"than":[8],"simple":[9,56],"series\u2010parallel":[10],"networks":[11],"takes":[12],"time":[13],"exponential":[14],"the":[16,19,31,42,45,48,52,76,83,94],"size":[17,28],"network.":[20],"A":[21],"method":[22,49,65,95],"is":[23,37,78],"presented":[24],"for":[25,58],"reducing":[26],"network":[27,32,53,84],"by":[29],"decomposing":[30],"into":[33],"subnetworks.":[34,43],"Terminal":[35],"obtained":[38],"from":[39],"calculations":[40],"As":[44],"efficiency":[46],"depends":[50],"on":[51],"decomposition,":[54],"some":[55],"rules":[57],"selecting":[59],"\u2018good\u2019":[60],"decompositions":[61],"are":[62,91],"presented.":[63],"yields":[66],"approximate":[67],"values":[68,90],"reliability.":[71],"In":[72],"sparse":[73],"networks,":[74],"however,":[75],"approximation":[77],"very":[79],"satisfactory.":[80],"Further,":[81],"if":[82],"decomposition":[85],"satisfies":[86],"certain":[87],"conditions,":[88],"exact":[89],"obtained.":[92],"Although":[93],"assumes":[96],"undirected":[97],"links":[98,111],"and":[99,112],"perfectly":[100],"reliable":[101],"nodes,":[102],"it":[103],"can":[104],"be":[105],"easily":[106],"extended":[107],"to":[108],"include":[109],"directed":[110],"failing":[113],"nodes.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}