{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2058892401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070203","title":"Implementing vehicle routing algorithms","display_name":"Implementing vehicle routing algorithms","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2058892401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070203","mag":"2058892401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.3230070203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038157172","display_name":"B. L. Golden","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. L. Golden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts","Research of first author was supported in part by the American Newspaper Publishers' Association and by the Department of Transportation, Contract DOT-TSC-1058. B. L. Golden is now at the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research of first author was supported in part by the American Newspaper Publishers' Association and by the Department of Transportation, Contract DOT-TSC-1058. B. L. Golden is now at the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023919615","display_name":"Thomas L. Magnanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3850"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. L. Magnanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts","Research of second author was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research, Contract N00014\u201375-C-0556 and by the Army Research Office, Durham, Contract DAHCO-73-C-0032"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research of second author was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research, Contract N00014\u201375-C-0556 and by the Army Research Office, Durham, Contract DAHCO-73-C-0032","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020131447","display_name":"Huy Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5368-5993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Q. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038157172"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":36.4174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":332,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99889053,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"113","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12176","display_name":"Optimization and Packing Problems","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6678932905197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6378802061080933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5790836215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.5063213109970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.41462892293930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3924780488014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3295358419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19509640336036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.175193190574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10014724731445312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6678932905197144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6378802061080933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5790836215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.5063213109970093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.41462892293930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3924780488014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3295358419418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19509640336036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.175193190574646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10014724731445312}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.3230070203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.475.487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.475.487","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a018020.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W244355983","https://openalex.org/W1972398006","https://openalex.org/W1973134134","https://openalex.org/W1973828488","https://openalex.org/W1982533371","https://openalex.org/W1983945124","https://openalex.org/W1985278890","https://openalex.org/W1992249619","https://openalex.org/W2003907224","https://openalex.org/W2006140965","https://openalex.org/W2009191661","https://openalex.org/W2009803313","https://openalex.org/W2017577149","https://openalex.org/W2029392610","https://openalex.org/W2037455079","https://openalex.org/W2042986967","https://openalex.org/W2044701049","https://openalex.org/W2047030146","https://openalex.org/W2049287714","https://openalex.org/W2051719340","https://openalex.org/W2056898464","https://openalex.org/W2058748455","https://openalex.org/W2058892401","https://openalex.org/W2059480483","https://openalex.org/W2061239862","https://openalex.org/W2068343681","https://openalex.org/W2072999549","https://openalex.org/W2074214908","https://openalex.org/W2101011973","https://openalex.org/W2108753073","https://openalex.org/W2111563176","https://openalex.org/W2111581650","https://openalex.org/W2123241324","https://openalex.org/W2138583603","https://openalex.org/W2148673189","https://openalex.org/W2165168367","https://openalex.org/W2168352450","https://openalex.org/W3022151732","https://openalex.org/W3118260104","https://openalex.org/W3198470706","https://openalex.org/W4240200084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018691209","https://openalex.org/W4312143452","https://openalex.org/W4247364272","https://openalex.org/W3133151256","https://openalex.org/W2132920749","https://openalex.org/W2101108574","https://openalex.org/W2017649536","https://openalex.org/W1990067406","https://openalex.org/W2135709899","https://openalex.org/W2006096198"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Heuristic":[1],"programming":[2],"algorithms":[3,18,34],"frequently":[4],"address":[5],"large":[6],"problems":[7,56],"and":[8,11,42,45,47,49,52],"require":[9],"manipulation":[10],"operation":[12],"on":[13],"massive":[14],"data":[15,25],"sets.":[16],"The":[17,78],"can":[19],"be":[20,63],"improved":[21],"by":[22],"using":[23],"efficient":[24],"structures.":[26],"With":[27],"this":[28],"in":[29,65],"mind,":[30],"we":[31],"consider":[32],"heuristic":[33],"for":[35,86],"vehicle":[36],"routing,":[37],"comparing":[38],"techniques":[39],"of":[40,59,68],"Clarke":[41],"Wright,":[43],"Gillett":[44],"Miller,":[46],"Tyagi,":[48],"presenting":[50],"modifications":[51],"extensions":[53],"which":[54],"permit":[55],"involving":[57],"hundreds":[58],"demand":[60],"points":[61],"to":[62],"solved":[64],"a":[66,72,83],"matter":[67],"seconds.":[69],"In":[70],"addition,":[71],"multi\u2010depot":[73],"routing":[74,84],"algorithm":[75],"is":[76],"developed.":[77],"results":[79],"are":[80],"illustrated":[81],"with":[82,90],"study":[85],"an":[87,91],"urban":[88],"newspaper":[89],"evening":[92],"circulation":[93],"exceeding":[94],"100,000.":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
