{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168570149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070104","title":"Rectilinear steiner trees: Efficient special\u2010case algorithms","display_name":"Rectilinear steiner trees: Efficient special\u2010case algorithms","publication_year":1977,"publication_date":"1977-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168570149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070104","mag":"2168570149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.3230070104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047516262","display_name":"Alfred V. Aho","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. V. Aho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047995033","display_name":"M. R. Garey","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. R. Garey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065344888","display_name":"F. K. Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-0198"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. K. Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bell Laboratories Murray Hill, New Jersey","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047516262"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6815,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":99,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96001909,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"37","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11522","display_name":"VLSI and FPGA Design Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steiner-tree-problem","display_name":"Steiner tree problem","score":0.9143433570861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectangle","display_name":"Rectangle","score":0.6304185390472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5704813599586487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.5488598346710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5482644438743591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5443768501281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.5074061751365662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5015983581542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4694492518901825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.4456235468387604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plane","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","score":0.4219365119934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3688538372516632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3394663631916046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1276484727859497}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76220878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1764144","display_name":"Steiner tree problem","level":2,"score":0.9143433570861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781302577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209","display_name":"Rectangle","level":2,"score":0.6304185390472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5704813599586487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.5488598346710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5482644438743591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5443768501281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.5074061751365662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5015983581542969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4694492518901825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.4456235468387604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17825722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17285","display_name":"Plane (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4219365119934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3688538372516632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3394663631916046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1276484727859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.3230070104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.3230070104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968857706","https://openalex.org/W1996668544","https://openalex.org/W2020112047","https://openalex.org/W2036265926","https://openalex.org/W2042477130","https://openalex.org/W2064086982","https://openalex.org/W2069712919","https://openalex.org/W2086709935","https://openalex.org/W2132087752","https://openalex.org/W2401610261","https://openalex.org/W6655053777"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161182859","https://openalex.org/W2118320476","https://openalex.org/W1503036335","https://openalex.org/W2025658531","https://openalex.org/W4244816249","https://openalex.org/W2242098268","https://openalex.org/W2323975601","https://openalex.org/W2021517364","https://openalex.org/W2063135098","https://openalex.org/W4287424652"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"A":[1,9,20,91],"minimal":[2],"rectilinear":[3],"Steiner":[4],"tree":[5,17],"for":[6,39,50,81],"a":[7,16,62,69,94,105],"set":[8],"of":[10,26,64,76,90,97,104],"points":[11,77,89],"in":[12,54,73,85],"the":[13,74,82,88,102],"plane":[14],"is":[15,48],"which":[18,86],"interconnects":[19],"using":[21],"horizontal":[22],"and":[23],"vertical":[24],"lines":[25,99],"shortest":[27],"possible":[28],"total":[29],"length.":[30],"Such":[31],"trees":[32,53],"have":[33],"potential":[34],"application":[35],"to":[36,67,78],"wire":[37],"layout":[38],"printed":[40],"circuits.":[41],"Unfortunately,":[42],"at":[43],"present":[44,57],"no":[45],"practical":[46],"algorithm":[47],"known":[49],"constructing":[51],"these":[52],"general.":[55],"We":[56],"two":[58],"algorithms,":[59],"each":[60],"requiring":[61],"number":[63,75,96],"operations":[65],"proportional":[66],"only":[68],"low":[70],"degree":[71],"polynomial":[72],"be":[79],"interconnected,":[80],"special":[83],"cases":[84],"all":[87],"lie":[92],"on":[93,101],"small":[95],"parallel":[98],"or":[100],"boundary":[103],"rectangle.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-15T08:27:34.491423","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}