{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2077349359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450420171","title":"In search of learning and knowing","display_name":"In search of learning and knowing","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2077349359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450420171","mag":"2077349359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/meet.1450420171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450420171","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450420171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523999","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","issn_l":"0044-7870","issn":["0044-7870","1550-8390","1936-1734"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450420171","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037525101","display_name":"Amy Tracy Wells","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amy Tracy Wells","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Researcher 310 Auditorium MATRIX Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824-1120 USA","Associate Researcher 310 Auditorium MATRIX Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824\u20101120 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Researcher 310 Auditorium MATRIX Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824-1120 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Researcher 310 Auditorium MATRIX Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824\u20101120 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037525101"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17333029,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9855999946594238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypermedia","display_name":"Hypermedia","score":0.7168053388595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertext","display_name":"Hypertext","score":0.7110840082168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6969993710517883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.6709967851638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pace","display_name":"Pace","score":0.637462854385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6064199209213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.6020058393478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.5207898020744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.5024397373199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.5013647079467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.45167747139930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.41834670305252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.37228524684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.36947572231292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.36401838064193726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34364497661590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.25769156217575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.19701498746871948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1415940225124359}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780126544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837900","display_name":"Hypermedia","level":2,"score":0.7168053388595581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162215914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93241","display_name":"Hypertext","level":2,"score":0.7110840082168579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6969993710517883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6709967851638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691543","display_name":"Pace","level":2,"score":0.637462854385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6064199209213257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.6020058393478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5207898020744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5024397373199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5013647079467773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.45167747139930725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.41834670305252075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37228524684906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.36947572231292725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.36401838064193726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34364497661590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.25769156217575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.19701498746871948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1415940225124359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/meet.1450420171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450420171","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450420171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523999","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","issn_l":"0044-7870","issn":["0044-7870","1550-8390","1936-1734"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/meet.1450420171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450420171","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450420171","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523999","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","issn_l":"0044-7870","issn":["0044-7870","1550-8390","1936-1734"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3104806763","display_name":"The Spoken Word:  New Resources for Teaching and Learning","funder_award_id":"0229808","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320309","display_name":"Joint Information Systems Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/01rv9gx86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2077349359.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2077349359.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W370177488","https://openalex.org/W563126865","https://openalex.org/W588568337","https://openalex.org/W1505918015","https://openalex.org/W1564809640","https://openalex.org/W1705714200","https://openalex.org/W1968927177","https://openalex.org/W1975742014","https://openalex.org/W2006105998","https://openalex.org/W2039107287","https://openalex.org/W2042199025","https://openalex.org/W2101411064","https://openalex.org/W2114823935","https://openalex.org/W2120858389","https://openalex.org/W2134985815","https://openalex.org/W2141773435","https://openalex.org/W2164291529","https://openalex.org/W2752714680","https://openalex.org/W4234386100","https://openalex.org/W4293087366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2264492131","https://openalex.org/W2029270702","https://openalex.org/W1996815358","https://openalex.org/W1997469528","https://openalex.org/W2349926064","https://openalex.org/W2621288065","https://openalex.org/W1566652031","https://openalex.org/W107323116","https://openalex.org/W1967402752","https://openalex.org/W4232170258"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,63],"supportive":[2],"arguments":[3],"for":[4,138],"hypermedia":[5,143],"and":[6,28,42,45,56,77,90,92,119,123],"hypertext":[7],"learning":[8,44,118],"environments":[9],"typically":[10],"assert":[11],"that":[12,66,109],"as":[13],"the":[14,26,59,80,95,106],"systems":[15],"permit":[16],"individuals":[17],"to":[18,24,105],"self\u2010select":[19],"content":[20],"based":[21],"on":[22,84],"needs,":[23],"control":[25,35],"pace":[27],"content,":[29],"and/or":[30],"provide":[31],"a":[32,69,85,126,134],"measure":[33],"of":[34,58,88,98,110,117,128],"otherwise":[36],"missing":[37],"in":[38,101],"traditional,":[39],"linear":[40],"texts":[41],"lectures,":[43],"knowing":[46,67,120],"outcomes":[47],"increase.":[48],"There":[49],"are":[50],"two":[51],"difficulties":[52],"with":[53,125],"this":[54],"argument":[55],"some":[57],"resultant":[60],"empirical":[61,129],"literature.":[62],"first":[64],"is":[65,68,121],"complex":[70],"phenomenon":[71],"which":[72],"can":[73],"be":[74],"variously":[75],"defined":[76],"measured.":[78],"However,":[79],"literature":[81],"often":[82],"focuses":[83],"narrow":[86],"range":[87,97],"definitions":[89],"measures":[91],"doesn't":[93],"exploit":[94],"full":[96],"theory.":[99],"This,":[100],"turn,":[102],"may":[103],"lead":[104],"second":[107],"difficulty,":[108],"very":[111],"limited":[112],"outcomes.":[113],"A":[114],"cognitive":[115],"model":[116,132],"presented":[122],"contrasted":[124],"sample":[127],"research.":[130],"This":[131],"provides":[133],"solid":[135],"theoretical":[136],"basis":[137],"research":[139],"into":[140],"cognitively":[141],"engaging":[142],"systems.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}