{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2038606450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450410186","title":"Mental models of information retrieval systems","display_name":"Mental models of information retrieval systems","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2038606450","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450410186","mag":"2038606450"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/meet.1450410186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450410186","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450410186","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523999","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","issn_l":"0044-7870","issn":["0044-7870","1550-8390","1936-1734"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450410186","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033923333","display_name":"Efthimis N. Efthimiadis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efthimis N. Efthimiadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Information School, University of Washington, WA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Information School, University of Washington, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053906377","display_name":"David G. Hendry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-3092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David G. Hendry","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Information School, University of Washington, WA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Information School, University of Washington, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033923333","display_name":"Efthimis N. Efthimiadis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Efthimis N. Efthimiadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Information School, University of Washington, WA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Information School, University of Washington, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063188252","display_name":"Pamela A. Savage\u2010Knepshield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7887-7011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166416128","display_name":"DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I166416128","https://openalex.org/I2802705668","https://openalex.org/I4210154437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Savage\u2010Knepshield","raw_affiliation_strings":["US Army Research Laboratory, Bldg 2700, Room 2D311, Fort Monmouth, NJ 07703"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"US Army Research Laboratory, Bldg 2700, Room 2D311, Fort Monmouth, NJ 07703","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166416128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070018631","display_name":"Carol Tenopir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-8251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carol Tenopir","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101717901","display_name":"Peiling Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-7570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75027704","display_name":"University of Tennessee at Knoxville","ror":"https://ror.org/020f3ap87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peiling Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Sciences, University of Tennessee","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75027704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.10933794,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"580","last_page":"581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.7272999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.7272999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14345","display_name":"Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry","score":0.7135999798774719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12887","display_name":"Educational Strategies and Epistemologies","score":0.679099977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.7682348489761353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6877962946891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6016911268234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5649584531784058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.5396004915237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.49372419714927673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-model","display_name":"Conceptual model","score":0.45291492342948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-model","display_name":"Mental model","score":0.4475671052932739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.42731598019599915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.41875308752059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.40310144424438477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.37583935260772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.33816400170326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24491989612579346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.158194899559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10125172138214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.0866333544254303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.7682348489761353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6877962946891785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6016911268234253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5649584531784058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5396004915237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.49372419714927673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13606891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623243","display_name":"Conceptual model","level":2,"score":0.45291492342948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.4475671052932739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.42731598019599915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.41875308752059937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.40310144424438477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37583935260772705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33816400170326233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24491989612579346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.158194899559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10125172138214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0866333544254303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/meet.1450410186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450410186","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450410186","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523999","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","issn_l":"0044-7870","issn":["0044-7870","1550-8390","1936-1734"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/meet.1450410186","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.1450410186","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/meet.1450410186","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306523999","display_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","issn_l":"0044-7870","issn":["0044-7870","1550-8390","1936-1734"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2038606450.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2038606450.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296749040","https://openalex.org/W4230197055","https://openalex.org/W621808327","https://openalex.org/W644007644","https://openalex.org/W3012257603","https://openalex.org/W3177475962","https://openalex.org/W4292264782","https://openalex.org/W922700330","https://openalex.org/W2089236283","https://openalex.org/W2116184117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Search":[0,16,44,292,308,336],"engines":[1,17,36,45,293,309,328,337,432,1013],"have":[2,294,446,822,1003],"become":[3,295],"cultural":[4,296],"artifacts.":[5,297],"Almost":[6,298],"all":[7,299],"of":[8,34,90,139,163,182,203,266,285,300,326,360,398,419,429,442,474,502,530,562,578,588,593,633,641,647,651,664,704,730,735,751,786,841,846,855,879,947,963,1034,1058,1064,1071,1074,1100,1122,1138,1151,1157,1164,1170,1191,1236,1247,1253,1266,1319,1333],"us":[9,50,301,342,1113],"use":[10,302,620,1073],"them.":[11,303],"We":[12,304],"\u2018Google\u2019":[13,305],"people,":[14,306],"etc.":[15,307],"are":[18,37,46,115,310,329,338,554,671,687,1023,1056],"gatekeepers":[19,311],"to":[20,30,40,53,81,102,171,206,218,282,312,322,332,345,365,424,605,673,712,758,767,783,813,826,837,866,915,938,1010,1014,1046,1103,1114,1135],"content,":[21,313],"Services,":[22,314],"and":[23,58,95,122,180,186,212,226,231,315,350,412,451,457,542,551,560,565,591,617,626,644,675,733,797,808,858,940,944,959,975,982,992,1050,1109,1126,1182,1216,1230,1268,1274,1287,1291,1295,1304,1309,1311,1321,1340],"opportunities.":[24,316],"Thus,":[25,317],"those":[26,318,816,827,862],"who":[27,319,863],"know":[28,243,320,375],"how":[29,60,84,235,245,286,321,352,367,377,430],"make":[31,63,323,355],"the":[32,85,97,161,172,207,216,264,277,324,396,417,440,462,470,484,508,524,574,586,614,619,631,639,645,648,657,667,683,702,713,725,748,752,771,784,794,810,838,847,867,910,920,925,942,961,964,996,1062,1072,1079,1104,1131,1149,1155,1162,1189,1192,1200,1209,1217,1234,1245,1251,1264,1331,1334,1341],"most":[33,325],"search":[35,208,238,271,289,327,370,403,431,625,806,852,870,1012,1105],"better":[38,330,546,859],"able":[39,331],"participate":[41,333],"in":[42,56,70,106,132,193,334,348,448,469,480,488,511,585,607,613,618,630,678,843,850,954,995,1026,1078,1089,1133,1228,1260,1271,1276],"society.":[43,335],"exciting!":[47,339],"They":[48,340],"give":[49,341],"an":[51,287,343,776,1241,1269,1316],"opportunity":[52,344],"generate":[54,346],"interest":[55,347],"technology":[57,61,349,353],"consider":[59,351],"can":[62,354],"Information":[64,471,575,594,901,1152,1195,1204,1231,1248],"better.":[65,357],"People":[66],"bring":[67],"mental":[68,108,140,157,224,268,400,661,1120],"models":[69,78,109,114,141,225,269,401,662,669,1121],"their":[71,204,227,258,390,676,831,1101,1127,1136],"interaction":[72],"with":[73,146,638,793,800,817,828,882,1178],"a":[74,166,197,426,495,517,707,787,875,889,904,933,952,1031,1068,1094,1146,1225,1258,1322],"retrieval":[75,148,504,595,615],"System.":[76],"These":[77,113],"allow":[79,215,1112],"people":[80,236,368],"reason":[82],"about":[83,222,244,376,656,770,1118],"System":[86,722,811,984],"operates,":[87],"what":[88,96,262,394],"kind":[89],"input":[91],"should":[92],"be":[93,103],"provided":[94],"Output":[98],"means.":[99],"There":[100],"appears":[101],"great":[104],"diversity":[105],"our":[107],"for":[110,196,270,402,498,602,624,861,1017,1093,1174,1203,1206,1213],"information":[111,147,192,213,356,458,503,563,697,769,1016,1088,1110,1261,1272,1285],"Systems.":[112,129,149,596,949],"often":[116],"very":[117],"simple,":[118],"they":[119,123,242,246,252,256,374,378,384,388,686],"contain":[120],"misconceptions,":[121],"evolve":[124],"as":[125,528,903,932,1041],"we":[126,437,1083],"experience":[127],"new":[128],"The":[130,358],"papers":[131],"this":[133,361,435,443],"session":[134],"look":[135],"at":[136,416,516,534,573,929,1148,1154,1244,1250,1325],"different":[137,728],"aspects":[138],"that":[142,153,165,519,609,670,685,694,706,765,789,798,978,1005],"employ":[143],"when":[144],"interacting":[145],"Savage-Knepshield":[150,873],"investigated":[151,692],"factors":[152,693,891,990],"may":[154,695],"affect":[155,696],"searchers'":[156,698],"model":[158,169,710,779],"construction,":[159],"including:":[160,701],"level":[162,414,703],"detail":[164,705],"system's":[167,772,795],"conceptual":[168,668,709,778],"presents":[170,711],"user":[173,547,611,714,1293],"through":[174,715,775],"explicit":[175,716,777],"training,":[176],"repeated":[177,721],"system":[178,459,1296],"exposure,":[179],"type":[181,729,734,840,857],"searching":[183,649,731,736],"task.":[184,871],"Tenopir":[185,1144,1223],"Wang":[187,1239,1329],"observed":[188,1084],"science":[189,1048,1081,1085,1262,1273],"students":[190,281,415,1007,1055,1086],"finding":[191,1087],"electronic":[194,210,1123],"Journals":[195,1038,1049,1077,1107],"simulated":[198,1095],"dass":[199,1096],"assignment.":[200,1097],"Student":[201,1098],"verbalizations":[202,1099],"reactions":[205,1102],"process,":[209,1106],"Journals,":[211],"found":[214,809,1004,1111],"authors":[217,278],"draw":[219,283,1115],"some":[220,1116],"conclusions":[221,1117],"students'":[223,1119],"problem-solving":[228,974,1128],"strategies.":[229],"Hendry":[230,465],"Efthimiadis'":[232,628],"research":[233,362,550,598,629,971,1282,1307],"investigates":[234],"conceptualize":[237,369],"engines.":[239,371],"What":[240,248,372,380],"do":[241,251,255,373,383,387],"work?":[247,379],"common":[249,381],"misunderstandings":[250,382],"have?":[253,385],"How":[254,386],"express":[257,389],"understandings?":[259,391],"In":[260,392,434,895,1067],"short,":[261,393],"is":[263,364,395,466,570,584,636,654,874,1145,1161,1188,1240,1315,1330],"nature":[265,397],"people's":[267,399,660],"engines?":[272,404],"To":[273],"answer":[274],"these":[275,1027,1059],"questions":[276],"prompted":[279],"university":[280],"Sketches":[284],"internet":[288],"engine":[290],"works.":[291],"aim":[359],"project":[363],"investigate":[366],"Data":[405,763],"was":[406,790,888,960],"collected":[407],"from":[408,483,682,956,1199,1233,1263,1279],"265":[409],"undergraduate,":[410],"masters,":[411],"doctoral":[413],"University":[418,473,487,577,958,1156,1235,1252,1265],"Washington.":[420,475],"Students":[421],"were":[422,864],"asked":[423],"\u201cdraw":[425],"labeled":[427],"sketch":[428],"work.\u201d":[433],"paper":[436,1345],"will":[438],"present":[439],"results":[441],"study":[444,646,1070],"which":[445],"implications":[447],"educational":[449],"assessment":[450],"curriculum":[452],"design":[453,460,559,590,946,998],"on":[454,461,600],"one":[455,755],"hand,":[456],"other.":[463],"David":[464],"Assistant":[467],"Professor":[468,572,1147,1243],"School,":[472,576],"He":[476,506],"received":[477,951],"his":[478,491],"Ph.D.":[479,1259],"Computer":[481],"Science":[482,1037,1196,1232],"Robert":[485],"Gordon":[486],"1996.":[489],"For":[490],"dissertation,":[492],"he":[493,537],"developed":[494],"user-interface":[496],"architecture":[497],"implementing":[499],"diverse":[500],"families":[501],"applications.":[505],"joined":[507,898,924],"dot.com":[509],"movement":[510],"1997,":[512],"spending":[513],"two":[514,845],"years":[515],"start-up":[518],"commercialized":[520],"collaborative":[521],"filtering.":[522],"Over":[523],"next":[525],"three":[526,745,760],"years,":[527],"Manager":[529],"User":[531],"Interface":[532],"Research":[533,927,934,1220],"Terra":[535],"Lycos,":[536],"studied":[538],"consumer":[539],"web":[540,1035],"applications":[541,623],"helped":[543],"teams":[544],"create":[545],"experiences.":[548],"His":[549,582,597],"teaching":[552],"interests":[553,972],"human-computer":[555],"interaction,":[556],"interdisciplinary":[557],"design,":[558,1297],"evaluation":[561,592,640],"Systems,":[564,666],"end-user":[566],"programming.":[567],"Efthimis":[568],"Efthimiadis":[569],"Associate":[571,1242],"Washington,":[579],"Seattle,":[580],"WA.":[581],"expertise":[583],"area":[587,632],"user-centered":[589],"focuses":[599],"methods":[601,608,991],"improving":[603,983],"access":[604,1045],"databases,":[606],"incorporate":[610],"preferences":[612],"techniques,":[616],"knowledge":[621,1300,1305],"organization":[622],"navigation.":[627],"query":[634],"expansion":[635],"concemed":[637],"ranking":[642],"algorithms":[643],"behavior":[650],"end-users.":[652],"Little":[653],"known":[655],"relationships":[658],"between":[659],"(MM)":[663],"complex":[665,869],"presented":[672],"them,":[674],"performance":[677,824,832,860,981],"such":[679,1040],"Systems":[680,1039,1060,1092,1125],"apart":[681],"observation":[684],"significant.":[688],"A":[689],"two-part":[690],"experiment":[691,753,848],"MM":[699,788],"construction":[700,785],"System's":[708],"training":[717],"(none,":[718],"minimal,":[719],"in-depth),":[720],"exposure":[723,766],"(with":[724],"same":[726,839],"or":[727,739,1061],"task),":[732],"task":[737,842,856,980],"(simple":[738],"complex).":[740],"Forty-eight":[741],"experienced":[742,804],"searchers":[743,799],"performed":[744],"searches":[746],"during":[747,1130],"first":[749,1009],"part":[750,844],"returning":[754],"weck":[756],"later":[757],"perform":[759],"more":[761,768,791,868],"searches.":[762],"demonstrated":[764],"internal":[773],"Operation":[774,796],"(in-depth":[780],"condition)":[781],"led":[782],"congruent":[792,802],"highly":[801],"MMs":[803],"greater":[805,851],"satisfaction":[807,853],"easier":[812],"use.":[814],"Although":[815],"high":[818],"congruency":[819],"did":[820],"not":[821],"superior":[823],"relative":[825],"low":[829],"congruency,":[830],"improved":[833],"over":[834,1183],"trials.":[835],"Re-exposure":[836],"resulted":[849],"regardless":[854],"re-exposed":[865],"Pam":[872],"former":[876],"Distinguished":[877],"Member":[878],"Technical":[880],"Staff":[881],"Lucent":[883],"Technologies/Bell":[884],"Labs,":[885],"where":[886],"she":[887,897,923],"human":[890,989],"specialist":[892],"since":[893],"1988.":[894],"2002,":[896],"Northrop":[899],"Grumman":[900],"Technology":[902],"Senior":[905],"Human":[906],"Factors":[907],"Engineer":[908],"supporting":[909,936],"Transportation":[911],"Security":[912],"Administration's":[913],"efforts":[914,937],"improve":[916,941],"aviation":[917],"security.":[918],"Within":[919],"past":[921],"year,":[922],"Army":[926],"Laboratory":[928],"Fort":[930],"Monmouth":[931],"Psychologist":[935],"understand":[939],"operational":[943],"tactical":[945],"military":[948],"She":[950,1160,1187,1256,1314],"PhD":[953,1226],"Psychology":[955],"Rutgers":[957],"recipient":[962,1190,1332],"2002":[965,1218],"ASIST/UMI":[966],"Doctoral":[967,1337],"Dissertation":[968],"Award.":[969,1221],"Her":[970,1281],"include":[973,1284],"decision-making":[976],"strategies":[977,1129],"enhance":[979],"usability":[985],"by":[986],"using":[987],"good":[988],"practices":[993],"early":[994],"front-end":[997],"process.":[999],"Many":[1000],"recent":[1001],"studies":[1002],"undergraduate":[1006,1080],"turn":[1008],"Web":[1011],"locate":[1015],"class-related":[1018],"assignments.":[1019],"Scholarly":[1020],"Journal":[1021,1051,1090,1124,1185],"articles":[1022],"sometimes":[1024],"located":[1025],"searches,":[1028],"only":[1029],"within":[1030],"larger":[1032,1069],"context":[1033],"pages.":[1036],"Eisevier's":[1042],"ScienceDirect":[1043],"provide":[1044],"peer-reviewed":[1047,1065],"articles,":[1052],"but":[1053],"many":[1054],"unaware":[1057],"attributes":[1063],"Journals.":[1066],"peer":[1075,1139],"reviewed":[1076,1140],"classroom,":[1082],"article":[1091],"system,":[1108],"interactions":[1132,1290],"addition":[1134],"perceptions":[1137],"e-journal":[1141],"articles.":[1142,1186],"Carol":[1143],"School":[1150,1246],"Sciences":[1153,1249],"Tennessee,":[1158,1254],"Knoxville.":[1159,1255],"author":[1163],"five":[1165],"books,":[1166],"including,":[1167],"Communication":[1168],"Patterns":[1169],"Engineers":[1171],"(John":[1172],"Wiley":[1173],"IEEE":[1175],"Press,":[1176],"2004)":[1177],"Donald":[1179],"W.":[1180],"King":[1181],"200":[1184],"1993":[1193],"Outstanding":[1194],"Teacher":[1197],"Award":[1198,1212,1339],"American":[1201],"Society":[1202],"Science/Institute":[1205],"Scientific":[1207],"Information,":[1208],"2000":[1210],"ALISE":[1211],"Teaching":[1214],"Excellence":[1215],"ASIST":[1219,1320,1336],"Dr.":[1222,1328],"holds":[1224,1257],"degree":[1227],"Library":[1229],"Illinois.":[1237],"Peiling":[1238],"Maryland":[1267],"M.S.":[1270],"B.S.":[1275],"Chemical":[1277],"Engineering":[1278],"China.":[1280],"areas":[1283],"seeking":[1286],"retrieval,":[1288],"user-system":[1289],"usability,":[1292],"modeling":[1294],"cognitive":[1298],"behaviors,":[1299],"structures,":[1301],"data":[1302],"mining":[1303],"discovery,":[1306],"methodologies":[1308],"methods,":[1310],"citation":[1312],"analysis.":[1313],"active":[1317],"member":[1318],"frequent":[1323],"Speaker":[1324],"Professional":[1326],"meetings.":[1327],"1994":[1335],"Forum":[1338],"1999":[1342],"best":[1343],"JASIST":[1344],"award.":[1346]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
