{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015311986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.200410029","title":"Excluded Middle versus Choice in a topos","display_name":"Excluded Middle versus Choice in a topos","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015311986","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.200410029","mag":"2015311986"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/malq.200410029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.200410029","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/malq.200410029","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172351290","display_name":"Mathematical logic quarterly","issn_l":"0942-5616","issn":["0942-5616","1521-3870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MLQ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/malq.200410029","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017448976","display_name":"Bernhard Banaschewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3177-8459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98251732","display_name":"McMaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fa3aq29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Banaschewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4K1","Department of Mathematics & Statistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. L8S 4K1"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4K1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics & Statistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. L8S 4K1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017448976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98251732"],"apc_list":{"value":2630,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2630},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4387,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72949394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"3","first_page":"282","last_page":"284"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11727","display_name":"Advanced Algebra and Logic","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11151","display_name":"Advanced Topology and Set Theory","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-of-excluded-middle","display_name":"Law of excluded middle","score":0.8916618824005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topos-theory","display_name":"Topos theory","score":0.833214521408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epimorphism","display_name":"Epimorphism","score":0.7859988212585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.7801429033279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.39351633191108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.32695794105529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.17698878049850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11099091172218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literature","display_name":"Literature","score":0.08336970210075378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137155000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468422","display_name":"Law of excluded middle","level":2,"score":0.8916618824005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182141236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143621","display_name":"Topos theory","level":2,"score":0.833214521408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16310669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1347208","display_name":"Epimorphism","level":2,"score":0.7859988212585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.7801429033279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.39351633191108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.32695794105529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.17698878049850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11099091172218323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.08336970210075378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/malq.200410029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.200410029","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/malq.200410029","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172351290","display_name":"Mathematical logic quarterly","issn_l":"0942-5616","issn":["0942-5616","1521-3870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MLQ","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/malq.200410029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.200410029","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/malq.200410029","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172351290","display_name":"Mathematical logic quarterly","issn_l":"0942-5616","issn":["0942-5616","1521-3870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MLQ","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2015311986.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505296242","https://openalex.org/W1988237188","https://openalex.org/W2002359740","https://openalex.org/W6630059943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3110986101","https://openalex.org/W4246327958","https://openalex.org/W2579704584","https://openalex.org/W4319982912","https://openalex.org/W2803072931","https://openalex.org/W3125091610","https://openalex.org/W376795554","https://openalex.org/W2015311986","https://openalex.org/W4288266587","https://openalex.org/W2045230345"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1],"shown":[2],"for":[3],"an":[4],"arbitrary":[5],"topos":[6],"that":[7,26],"the":[8,11,22],"Law":[9],"of":[10],"Excluded":[12],"Middle":[13],"holds":[14],"in":[15],"its":[16],"propositional":[17],"logic":[18],"iff":[19],"it":[20],"satisfies":[21],"limited":[23],"choice":[24],"principle":[25],"every":[27],"epimorphism":[28],"from":[29],"2":[30],"=":[31],"1":[32,34],"\u2295":[33],"splits.":[35],"(\u00a9":[36],"2005":[37],"WILEY-VCH":[38],"Verlag":[39],"GmbH":[40],"&":[41],"Co.":[42],"KGaA,":[43],"Weinheim)":[44]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}