{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2031903051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.19950410405","title":"Non\u2010associative Lambek Categorial Grammar in Polynomial Time","display_name":"Non\u2010associative Lambek Categorial Grammar in Polynomial Time","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2031903051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.19950410405","mag":"2031903051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/malq.19950410405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.19950410405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172351290","display_name":"Mathematical logic quarterly","issn_l":"0044-3050","issn":["0044-3050","0942-5616","1521-3870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Logic Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028126764","display_name":"Erik Aarts","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Erik Aarts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Amsterdam, Plantage Muidergracht 24, 1018 TV Amsterdam, The Netherlands","Research Institute for Language and Speech, Utrecht University, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Amsterdam, Plantage Muidergracht 24, 1018 TV Amsterdam, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Language and Speech, Utrecht University, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022398017","display_name":"Kees Trautwein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kees Trautwein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute for Language and Speech, Utrecht University, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Language and Speech, Utrecht University, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028126764"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353","https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"apc_list":{"value":2630,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2630},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1649,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82311329,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"4","first_page":"476","last_page":"484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11567","display_name":"semigroups and automata theory","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorial-grammar","display_name":"Categorial grammar","score":0.9515929818153381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatory-categorial-grammar","display_name":"Combinatory categorial grammar","score":0.773560643196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/associative-property","display_name":"Associative property","score":0.6770656704902649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.584845781326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mildly-context-sensitive-grammar-formalism","display_name":"Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism","score":0.5788339376449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.495079904794693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.4936424493789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4667527973651886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.4465637803077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergent-grammar","display_name":"Emergent grammar","score":0.43567267060279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4195680618286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.38361626863479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3475572168827057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.2606557011604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.21957308053970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.18724456429481506}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C840598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1841499","display_name":"Categorial grammar","level":5,"score":0.9515929818153381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199837984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730974","display_name":"Combinatory categorial grammar","level":5,"score":0.773560643196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159423971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177251","display_name":"Associative property","level":2,"score":0.6770656704902649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.584845781326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172265290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6134957","display_name":"Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism","level":4,"score":0.5788339376449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.495079904794693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.4936424493789673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4667527973651886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.4465637803077698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69298649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6045214","display_name":"Emergent grammar","level":3,"score":0.43567267060279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4195680618286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.38361626863479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3475572168827057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2606557011604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.21957308053970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.18724456429481506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/malq.19950410405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.19950410405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172351290","display_name":"Mathematical logic quarterly","issn_l":"0044-3050","issn":["0044-3050","0942-5616","1521-3870"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Logic Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/28830933-091f-432e-801b-a742ac24c60d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/nonassociative-lambek-categorial-grammar-in-polynomial-time(28830933-091f-432e-801b-a742ac24c60d).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aarts, E 1995, 'Non-associative Lambek categorial grammar in polynomial time', Mathematical Logic Quarterly, vol. 42, no. 1.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:uvapub:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/28830933-091f-432e-801b-a742ac24c60d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/nonassociative-lambek-categorial-grammar-in-polynomial-time(28830933-091f-432e-801b-a742ac24c60d).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mathematical Logic Quarterly, 42(1). Wiley-VCH Verlag","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30801232","https://openalex.org/W2008711558","https://openalex.org/W2097649408","https://openalex.org/W2328580899","https://openalex.org/W2530207453","https://openalex.org/W2589390571","https://openalex.org/W2752885492","https://openalex.org/W4242125186","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543466370","https://openalex.org/W1547374399","https://openalex.org/W2362563713","https://openalex.org/W2154759588","https://openalex.org/W2023948222","https://openalex.org/W2944432439","https://openalex.org/W1970047378","https://openalex.org/W4230962290","https://openalex.org/W2034628900","https://openalex.org/W2356267329"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"We":[1,11],"present":[2],"a":[3,36,40,49],"new":[4],"axiomatization":[5],"of":[6],"the":[7],"non\u2010associative":[8,21,54],"Lambek":[9,22,55],"calculus.":[10],"prove":[12],"that":[13,48],"it":[14,31],"takes":[15],"polynomial":[16,44,62],"time":[17],"to":[18,25,34],"reduce":[19],"any":[20,53],"categorial":[23,56],"grammar":[24,42,57],"an":[26],"equivalent":[27],"context\u2010free":[28,41],"grammar.":[29],"Since":[30],"is":[32],"possible":[33],"recognize":[35],"sentence":[37,50],"generated":[38,51],"by":[39,52],"in":[43,61],"time,":[45],"this":[46],"proves":[47],"can":[58],"be":[59],"recognized":[60],"time.":[63]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}