{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416935001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcal.70168","title":"A Meta\u2010Analysis of Moderators of the Effects of Technology\u2010Enhanced Adaptive Learning on Primary and Secondary Students' Learning Outcomes","display_name":"A Meta\u2010Analysis of Moderators of the Effects of Technology\u2010Enhanced Adaptive Learning on Primary and Secondary Students' Learning Outcomes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416935001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcal.70168"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jcal.70168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcal.70168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5743915","display_name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning","issn_l":"0266-4909","issn":["0266-4909","1365-2729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4303450","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077563979","display_name":"Jingxian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2156-0966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142108993","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jingxian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities in Southwest China of Southwest University Southwest University  Chongqing China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2156-0966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities in Southwest China of Southwest University Southwest University  Chongqing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017878744","display_name":"Dineke E.H. Tigelaar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0335-2370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","display_name":"Leiden University","ror":"https://ror.org/027bh9e22","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I210716285","display_name":"University of Applied Sciences Leiden","ror":"https://ror.org/0093src13","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I210716285"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dineke E. H. Tigelaar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICLON, Leiden University Graduate School of Teaching Leiden University  Leiden the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICLON, Leiden University Graduate School of Teaching Leiden University  Leiden the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121797337","https://openalex.org/I210716285"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007217510","display_name":"Tong Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1017-6969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149928","display_name":"Chongqing Jiulongpo People's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/057skcn66","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149928"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tong Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangzhou Primary School of Jiulongpo District  Chongqing China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangzhou Primary School of Jiulongpo District  Chongqing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149928"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061932695","display_name":"Wilfried Admiraal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1627-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148693","display_name":"Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04hdrrs71","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161351","display_name":"Centre for Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/05rbhea42","country_code":"NO","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284510009","https://openalex.org/I4210161351"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55464072","display_name":"Universidad Metropolitana","ror":"https://ror.org/037gty358","country_code":"PR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159918","https://openalex.org/I55464072"]}],"countries":["BD","NO","PR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wilfried Admiraal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for the Study of Professions Oslo Metropolitan University  Oslo Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for the Study of Professions Oslo Metropolitan University  Oslo Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148693","https://openalex.org/I55464072","https://openalex.org/I4210161351"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077563979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142108993"],"apc_list":{"value":3760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3760},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6929,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92175543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.15850000083446503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.15850000083446503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14240","display_name":"E-Learning and COVID-19","score":0.0746999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.04650000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderation","display_name":"Moderation","score":0.8179000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-learning","display_name":"Adaptive learning","score":0.7106000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5037999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-behavior","display_name":"Adaptive behavior","score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computerized-adaptive-testing","display_name":"Computerized adaptive testing","score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-technology","display_name":"Educational technology","score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-response","display_name":"Adaptive response","score":0.3395000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.8179000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125014702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680749","display_name":"Adaptive learning","level":2,"score":0.7106000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5037999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68784500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570691","display_name":"Adaptive behavior","level":2,"score":0.46149998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.4138999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4041999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.3935999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144352353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920411","display_name":"Computerized adaptive testing","level":3,"score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33507282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680759","display_name":"Adaptive response","level":2,"score":0.3395000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984567223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"E learning","level":3,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52970973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2497134","display_name":"Adaptive system","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776933062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861413","display_name":"Mastery learning","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776503756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424497","display_name":"Self-regulated learning","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150681269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2380771","display_name":"Cognitive style","level":3,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167393769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680768","display_name":"Adaptive strategies","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96427005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98442705","display_name":"Learning sciences","level":3,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10431821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510174","display_name":"Learning effect","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110131835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153659","display_name":"Self-efficacy","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36727532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861399","display_name":"Educational research","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jcal.70168","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jcal.70168","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5743915","display_name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning","issn_l":"0266-4909","issn":["0266-4909","1365-2729"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl:item_4303450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4303450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400850","display_name":"Leiden Repository (Leiden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","host_organization_name":"Leiden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl:item_4303450","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1887/4303450","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400850","display_name":"Leiden Repository (Leiden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I121797337","host_organization_name":"Leiden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121797337"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Learning","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1420162645","https://openalex.org/W1592263156","https://openalex.org/W1965868947","https://openalex.org/W1974627601","https://openalex.org/W1975107734","https://openalex.org/W1976646900","https://openalex.org/W1980065235","https://openalex.org/W1984387885","https://openalex.org/W1985824294","https://openalex.org/W1993708070","https://openalex.org/W1996699736","https://openalex.org/W1998577531","https://openalex.org/W2001168787","https://openalex.org/W2006546769","https://openalex.org/W2016222029","https://openalex.org/W2019319148","https://openalex.org/W2022190765","https://openalex.org/W2033585778","https://openalex.org/W2037557484","https://openalex.org/W2051339053","https://openalex.org/W2098765799","https://openalex.org/W2104657845","https://openalex.org/W2117655204","https://openalex.org/W2125435699","https://openalex.org/W2125614768","https://openalex.org/W2135995390","https://openalex.org/W2144793442","https://openalex.org/W2151986074","https://openalex.org/W2154104231","https://openalex.org/W2157823046","https://openalex.org/W2288310533","https://openalex.org/W2314181201","https://openalex.org/W2316441559","https://openalex.org/W2460787134","https://openalex.org/W2464753866","https://openalex.org/W2470242385","https://openalex.org/W2510824636","https://openalex.org/W2511117069","https://openalex.org/W2536188789","https://openalex.org/W2539720341","https://openalex.org/W2560568830","https://openalex.org/W2567362164","https://openalex.org/W2576440140","https://openalex.org/W2578082513","https://openalex.org/W2587747265","https://openalex.org/W2588717738","https://openalex.org/W2590324379","https://openalex.org/W2607344221","https://openalex.org/W2619871613","https://openalex.org/W2624802321","https://openalex.org/W2744632033","https://openalex.org/W2789743004","https://openalex.org/W2790839983","https://openalex.org/W2793439156","https://openalex.org/W2793759113","https://openalex.org/W2795404196","https://openalex.org/W2796337265","https://openalex.org/W2811404041","https://openalex.org/W2903126201","https://openalex.org/W2903438107","https://openalex.org/W2904197112","https://openalex.org/W2912486742","https://openalex.org/W2918492595","https://openalex.org/W2922296866","https://openalex.org/W2945697446","https://openalex.org/W2949109425","https://openalex.org/W2955975917","https://openalex.org/W2970147776","https://openalex.org/W2999442527","https://openalex.org/W3006472187","https://openalex.org/W3027725903","https://openalex.org/W3036177938","https://openalex.org/W3038228746","https://openalex.org/W3039151610","https://openalex.org/W3045625914","https://openalex.org/W3083080496","https://openalex.org/W3086980445","https://openalex.org/W3087638916","https://openalex.org/W3093442577","https://openalex.org/W3093893125","https://openalex.org/W3094399198","https://openalex.org/W3111377110","https://openalex.org/W3112377151","https://openalex.org/W3113108648","https://openalex.org/W3115524169","https://openalex.org/W3118077352","https://openalex.org/W3124069781","https://openalex.org/W3125490013","https://openalex.org/W3126302922","https://openalex.org/W3146142859","https://openalex.org/W3164796821","https://openalex.org/W3165716705","https://openalex.org/W3170632430","https://openalex.org/W3177984881","https://openalex.org/W3187873048","https://openalex.org/W4280497991","https://openalex.org/W4297918764","https://openalex.org/W4309677617"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Background":[1],"Technology\u2010enhanced":[2],"adaptive":[3,32,72,122,155,183,185,223,239,249],"learning,":[4,33],"which":[5],"includes":[6],"Intelligent":[7],"Tutoring":[8],"Systems":[9],"(ITSs),":[10],"represents":[11],"a":[12,82,109,125],"significant":[13,175],"research":[14,153],"stream":[15],"targeted":[16],"at":[17,168],"individualised":[18],"learning.":[19],"Although":[20],"systematic":[21],"review":[22],"and":[23,49,77,97,106,115,130,140,158,198,219,259],"meta\u2010analysis":[24,63,90],"studies":[25,93],"have":[26],"synthesised":[27,91],"the":[28,68,163,217,245,261],"evidence":[29],"of":[30,70,84,111,137,152,216,234,247],"technology\u2010enhanced":[31,71,121,222,238],"most":[34],"did":[35,51],"not":[36,52,243],"differentiate":[37],"how":[38,254],"this":[39],"effect":[40,127,165],"may":[41],"promote":[42],"different":[43],"learning":[44,73,79,123,134,142,171,179,190,202,224,250],"outcomes":[45,180,191,203],"to":[46,231,255],"varying":[47],"degrees":[48],"especially":[50],"shed":[53],"much":[54],"light":[55],"on":[56,67,74,128],"potential":[57],"moderating":[58],"effects.":[59],"Objectives":[60],"This":[61,89],"comprehensive":[62],"(CMA)":[64],"is":[65,242],"focused":[66],"effects":[69,262],"cognitive,":[75,138],"affective,":[76,139],"behavioural":[78,141,201],"outcomes,":[80],"considering":[81],"series":[83],"specific":[85],"moderator":[86,145],"variables.":[87],"Methods":[88],"69":[92],"from":[94],"electronic":[95],"databases":[96],"high\u2010impact":[98],"journals":[99],"in":[100,135,150,209,237],"educational":[101],"technology":[102],"published":[103],"between":[104],"2012":[105],"2021,":[107],"with":[108],"total":[110],"9095":[112],"students.":[113],"Results":[114],"Conclusions":[116],"The":[117,214],"findings":[118,218],"indicate":[119],"that":[120,148,263],"has":[124],"medium\u2010positive":[126],"primary":[129],"secondary":[131],"school":[132],"students'":[133],"terms":[136],"outcomes.":[143],"Further":[144],"analyses":[146],"revealed":[147],"factors":[149],"categories":[151],"context,":[154],"strategy,":[156],"technology,":[157],"study":[159],"quality":[160],"significantly":[161],"moderated":[162],"summary":[164],"sizes":[166],"for":[167,177,188,200,221],"least":[169],"one":[170],"outcome":[172],"dimension.":[173],"Twelve":[174],"moderators":[176],"cognitive":[178],"(e.g.,":[181],"subjects,":[182],"targets,":[184],"technology),":[186],"two":[187,199],"affective":[189],"(i.e.,":[192,204],"feedback":[193],"type,":[194],"data":[195],"collection":[196],"methods),":[197],"learner":[205],"characteristics,":[206],"hardware":[207],"used":[208],"experimental":[210],"groups)":[211],"were":[212],"identified.":[213],"implications":[215],"directions":[220],"practices":[225],"are":[226],"discussed.":[227],"Takeaway":[228],"Stakeholders":[229],"need":[230],"be":[232],"aware":[233],"what":[235],"matters":[236],"learning;":[240],"it":[241],"just":[244],"effectiveness":[246],"these":[248],"systems":[251],"but":[252],"knowing":[253],"develop,":[256],"design,":[257],"implement,":[258],"evaluate":[260],"matter.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-17T08:19:37.847499","created_date":"2025-12-03T00:00:00"}
