{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2029083435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550090110","title":"A knowledge representation perspective: Logics for paraconsistent reasoning","display_name":"A knowledge representation perspective: Logics for paraconsistent reasoning","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2029083435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550090110","mag":"2029083435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/int.4550090110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550090110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033529457","display_name":"Philippe Besnard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3702-5709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802519937","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Syst\u00e8mes Al\u00e9atoires","ror":"https://ror.org/00myn0z94","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1326498283","https://openalex.org/I205703379","https://openalex.org/I2802204017","https://openalex.org/I2802519937","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I4210127572","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Besnard","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRISA, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Ge\u0301ne\u0301ral Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Ce\u0301dex, France","IRISA, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc, 35042 Rennes C\u00e9dex, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRISA, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du Ge\u0301ne\u0301ral Leclerc, 35042 Rennes Ce\u0301dex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRISA, Campus de Beaulieu, Avenue du G\u00e9n\u00e9ral Leclerc, 35042 Rennes C\u00e9dex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068601994","display_name":"E. Laenens","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Els Laenens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033529457"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802519937"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73735784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"153","last_page":"168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paraconsistent-logic","display_name":"Paraconsistent logic","score":0.8698802590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-norm-fuzzy-logics","display_name":"T-norm fuzzy logics","score":0.7835265398025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6187180876731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6152989268302917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monoidal-t-norm-logic","display_name":"Monoidal t-norm logic","score":0.5740447640419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.5714448094367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5649195313453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-logic","display_name":"Classical logic","score":0.5473624467849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-monotonic-logic","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","score":0.523039698600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/description-logic","display_name":"Description logic","score":0.4468365013599396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41770240664482117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.3699052631855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36063528060913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.35989391803741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.24640405178070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11410713195800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-control-system","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","score":0.10327112674713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09607258439064026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.09594368934631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-order-logic","display_name":"Higher-order logic","score":0.05975371599197388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16796852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426592","display_name":"Paraconsistent logic","level":4,"score":0.8698802590370178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86602344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7667918","display_name":"T-norm fuzzy logics","level":5,"score":0.7835265398025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6187180876731873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6152989268302917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98224912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6901647","display_name":"Monoidal t-norm logic","level":5,"score":0.5740447640419006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.5714448094367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5649195313453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32241873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q236975","display_name":"Classical logic","level":2,"score":0.5473624467849731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.523039698600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102993220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q387196","display_name":"Description logic","level":2,"score":0.4468365013599396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41770240664482117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3699052631855011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36063528060913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35989391803741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.24640405178070068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11410713195800781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.10327112674713135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09607258439064026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.09594368934631348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169896238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1644136","display_name":"Higher-order logic","level":3,"score":0.05975371599197388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1883856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407463","display_name":"Fuzzy number","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5263885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967302","display_name":"Membership function","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/int.4550090110","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550090110","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112720907","https://openalex.org/W1486165144","https://openalex.org/W1499525256","https://openalex.org/W1505696890","https://openalex.org/W1518708783","https://openalex.org/W1545424768","https://openalex.org/W1593617641","https://openalex.org/W1967115134","https://openalex.org/W1976964220","https://openalex.org/W1999654660","https://openalex.org/W2089552973","https://openalex.org/W2092180595","https://openalex.org/W2103607287","https://openalex.org/W2142616542","https://openalex.org/W2155322595","https://openalex.org/W4213128210","https://openalex.org/W4302314483","https://openalex.org/W6629187245"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1760219920","https://openalex.org/W1766174263","https://openalex.org/W2395980704","https://openalex.org/W2153288022","https://openalex.org/W1556561189","https://openalex.org/W2010758696","https://openalex.org/W2109341980","https://openalex.org/W4229698714","https://openalex.org/W2093231916","https://openalex.org/W2515579183"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Paraconsistent":[0],"logics":[1,25,71],"are":[2],"examined":[3],"as":[4,47,49],"an":[5],"approach":[6,72],"to":[7,11],"knowledge":[8],"representation":[9],"devoted":[10],"the":[12,17,21,53,69],"formalization":[13],"of":[14,19,23,55,58,68],"reasoning":[15],"in":[16,26],"presence":[18],"contradictions.":[20],"adequacy":[22],"paraconsistent":[24,61,70],"such":[27],"a":[28,34,39,66],"perspective":[29],"is":[30,64],"described":[31],"both":[32],"on":[33,38],"general":[35],"level":[36],"and":[37,80],"more":[40],"specific":[41],"level:":[42],"discussion":[43],"involves":[44],"representative":[45],"examples":[46],"well":[48],"special":[50],"features":[51],"(in":[52],"form":[54],"logical":[56],"principles)":[57],"some":[59],"significant":[60],"logics.":[62,82],"There":[63],"also":[65],"comparison":[67],"with":[73],"two":[74],"alternative":[75],"approaches,":[76],"namely":[77],"belief":[78],"revision":[79],"non-monotonic":[81],"\u00a9":[83],"1994":[84],"John":[85],"Wiley":[86],"&":[87],"Sons,":[88],"Inc.":[89]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
