{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147088851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550030204","title":"The treatment of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems using fuzzy sets and possibility theory","display_name":"The treatment of uncertainty in knowledge-based systems using fuzzy sets and possibility theory","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147088851","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550030204","mag":"2147088851"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/int.4550030204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550030204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018014010","display_name":"Didier Dubois","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6505-2536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Didier Dubois","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Langages et Syste\u0300mes Informatiques, Universite\u0301 Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Ce\u0301dex, France","IRIT-ADRIA - Argumentation, D\u00e9cision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse - IRIT\r\n118 Route de Narbonne\r\n31062 Toulouse Cedex 9  - France)","CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Langages et Syste\u0300mes Informatiques, Universite\u0301 Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Ce\u0301dex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT-ADRIA - Argumentation, D\u00e9cision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse - IRIT\r\n118 Route de Narbonne\r\n31062 Toulouse Cedex 9  - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049896579","display_name":"Henri Prade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4586-8527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henri Prade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Langages et Syste\u0300mes Informatiques, Universite\u0301 Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Ce\u0301dex, France","IRIT-ADRIA - Argumentation, D\u00e9cision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse - IRIT\r\n118 Route de Narbonne\r\n31062 Toulouse Cedex 9  - France)","CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Langages et Syste\u0300mes Informatiques, Universite\u0301 Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Ce\u0301dex, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT-ADRIA - Argumentation, D\u00e9cision, Raisonnement, Incertitude et Apprentissage (Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse - IRIT\r\n118 Route de Narbonne\r\n31062 Toulouse Cedex 9  - France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018014010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7929,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85840708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"141","last_page":"165"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10820","display_name":"Fuzzy Logic and Control Systems","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/possibility-theory","display_name":"Possibility theory","score":0.6899455189704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6141427159309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6088400483131409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.5290514230728149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.5233349204063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.52135169506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5051267743110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46902740001678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-theory","display_name":"Mathematical theory","score":0.45721009373664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-theory","display_name":"Probability theory","score":0.4410230815410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-inference","display_name":"Fuzzy inference","score":0.42725273966789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37919026613235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-control-system","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","score":0.35820287466049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-neuro-fuzzy-inference-system","display_name":"Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system","score":0.18928226828575134}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137912672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967096","display_name":"Possibility theory","level":4,"score":0.6899455189704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6141427159309387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6088400483131409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.5290514230728149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.5233349204063416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.52135169506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5051267743110657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46902740001678467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779193601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20026918","display_name":"Mathematical theory","level":2,"score":0.45721009373664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122203268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5862903","display_name":"Probability theory","level":2,"score":0.4410230815410614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986395286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy inference","level":5,"score":0.42725273966789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37919026613235474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195975749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475705","display_name":"Fuzzy control system","level":3,"score":0.35820287466049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186108316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352530","display_name":"Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system","level":4,"score":0.18928226828575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/int.4550030204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/int.4550030204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04200286v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04200286","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/int.4550030204","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4157507","https://openalex.org/W51467957","https://openalex.org/W110206381","https://openalex.org/W111463984","https://openalex.org/W317793146","https://openalex.org/W580985703","https://openalex.org/W611848211","https://openalex.org/W634113983","https://openalex.org/W646851550","https://openalex.org/W1495481456","https://openalex.org/W1536861783","https://openalex.org/W1549071417","https://openalex.org/W1549872659","https://openalex.org/W1560189117","https://openalex.org/W1566211337","https://openalex.org/W1598915718","https://openalex.org/W1969615468","https://openalex.org/W1973309770","https://openalex.org/W1973711118","https://openalex.org/W1974182274","https://openalex.org/W1982152938","https://openalex.org/W1987347924","https://openalex.org/W1989100711","https://openalex.org/W1993328936","https://openalex.org/W1997337658","https://openalex.org/W2002418751","https://openalex.org/W2012858048","https://openalex.org/W2013508362","https://openalex.org/W2019950953","https://openalex.org/W2026927381","https://openalex.org/W2033166200","https://openalex.org/W2039125701","https://openalex.org/W2051677363","https://openalex.org/W2051997045","https://openalex.org/W2061821032","https://openalex.org/W2071039357","https://openalex.org/W2072203301","https://openalex.org/W2074622901","https://openalex.org/W2075125949","https://openalex.org/W2078768531","https://openalex.org/W2109015621","https://openalex.org/W2130915832","https://openalex.org/W2155377726","https://openalex.org/W2210021239","https://openalex.org/W2330022088","https://openalex.org/W2342604332","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4230588984","https://openalex.org/W4255976321","https://openalex.org/W4298409085","https://openalex.org/W4299010341","https://openalex.org/W4301347335","https://openalex.org/W4386531476","https://openalex.org/W6602748950","https://openalex.org/W6604431394","https://openalex.org/W6604485975","https://openalex.org/W6605100628","https://openalex.org/W6607802592","https://openalex.org/W6627357678","https://openalex.org/W6630467446","https://openalex.org/W6631369490","https://openalex.org/W6632796748","https://openalex.org/W6633996426","https://openalex.org/W6645787788","https://openalex.org/W6654904021","https://openalex.org/W6660221137","https://openalex.org/W6682626205","https://openalex.org/W6851351757","https://openalex.org/W6851478695","https://openalex.org/W6852170056","https://openalex.org/W6852300876","https://openalex.org/W6855665678","https://openalex.org/W6856261968","https://openalex.org/W6856830393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379263712","https://openalex.org/W143571823","https://openalex.org/W4240812522","https://openalex.org/W2368234187","https://openalex.org/W2610830724","https://openalex.org/W4289708998","https://openalex.org/W3195821161","https://openalex.org/W2385657085","https://openalex.org/W4241400462","https://openalex.org/W2296643938"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge":[0],"representation":[1],"issues":[2],"related":[3],"to":[4],"the":[5,14,56,60,67,73,83],"modelling":[6],"of":[7,16,37,48,76],"imprecision":[8,51],"and":[9,20,29,39,41,50,59,69],"uncertainty":[10,49],"are":[11,33,44,63],"discussed":[12],"in":[13,46,82],"framework":[15],"possibility":[17,23],"theory.":[18],"Differences":[19],"relations":[21],"between":[22],"theory,":[24],"fuzzy":[25],"sets,":[26],"probability":[27],"theory":[28,32],"Shafer":[30],"evidence":[31],"presented.":[34],"Then,":[35],"patterns":[36],"reasoning":[38],"inference":[40],"control":[42],"procedures":[43],"studied":[45],"presence":[47],"using":[52],"a":[53],"possibilistic":[54],"approach.":[55],"basic":[57],"ideas":[58],"main":[61],"trends":[62],"emphasized":[64],"rather":[65],"than":[66],"mathematical":[68],"logical":[70],"foundations":[71],"or":[72],"technical":[74],"details":[75],"implementation":[77],"which":[78],"can":[79],"be":[80],"found":[81],"references.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}