{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2026686808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850060114","title":"A general optimization procedure for stereotactic small\u2010beam multi\u2010isocentric radiotherapy","display_name":"A general optimization procedure for stereotactic small\u2010beam multi\u2010isocentric radiotherapy","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2026686808","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850060114","mag":"2026686808"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ima.1850060114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850060114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15952048","display_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","issn_l":"0899-9457","issn":["0899-9457","1098-1098"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110139854","display_name":"D. Lefkopoulos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166768","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Tenon","ror":"https://ror.org/05h5v3c50","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166768"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. Lefkopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Physics Unit, Radiation Oncology Department, Tenon Hospital, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Physics Unit, Radiation Oncology Department, Tenon Hospital, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166768","https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065748963","display_name":"M L\u00e9vrier","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Levrier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dosigray, 21 due de la Solidarite\u0301, 94230 Cachan, France","Dosigray, 21 due de la Solidarit\u00e9, 94230 Cachan, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dosigray, 21 due de la Solidarite\u0301, 94230 Cachan, France","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dosigray, 21 due de la Solidarit\u00e9, 94230 Cachan, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038913564","display_name":"S. Bendada","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166768","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Tenon","ror":"https://ror.org/05h5v3c50","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166768"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Bendada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Physics Unit, Radiation Oncology Department, Tenon Hospital, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Physics Unit, Radiation Oncology Department, Tenon Hospital, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166768","https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088183082","display_name":"E. Touboul","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166768","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Tenon","ror":"https://ror.org/05h5v3c50","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Touboul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Physics Unit, Radiation Oncology Department, Tenon Hospital, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Physics Unit, Radiation Oncology Department, Tenon Hospital, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166768","https://openalex.org/I39804081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110139854"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210166768"],"apc_list":{"value":3450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6989,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83110339,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"114","last_page":"123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10358","display_name":"Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value-decomposition","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","score":0.7527197003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.6140414476394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collimator","display_name":"Collimator","score":0.5888957977294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singular-value","display_name":"Singular value","score":0.5080115795135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformal-map","display_name":"Conformal map","score":0.49714282155036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.47843626141548157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiosurgery","display_name":"Radiosurgery","score":0.47360849380493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44185879826545715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","score":0.4393705129623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-treatment-planning","display_name":"Radiation treatment planning","score":0.4366811513900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.4166814386844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4076659083366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39364951848983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-therapy","display_name":"Radiation therapy","score":0.3141041696071625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.2012125849723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.18645977973937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14742732048034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.13216817378997803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.11053499579429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.09341597557067871}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22789450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420904","display_name":"Singular value decomposition","level":2,"score":0.7527197003364563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6140414476394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779200277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1164658","display_name":"Collimator","level":2,"score":0.5888957977294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109282560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4166054","display_name":"Singular value","level":3,"score":0.5080115795135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98214594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850275","display_name":"Conformal map","level":2,"score":0.49714282155036926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.47843626141548157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780387249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q973234","display_name":"Radiosurgery","level":3,"score":0.47360849380493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44185879826545715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4393705129623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201645570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830637","display_name":"Radiation treatment planning","level":3,"score":0.4366811513900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.4166814386844635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4076659083366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39364951848983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509974204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180507","display_name":"Radiation therapy","level":2,"score":0.3141041696071625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2012125849723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18645977973937988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14742732048034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.13216817378997803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.11053499579429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.09341597557067871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ima.1850060114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850060114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15952048","display_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","issn_l":"0899-9457","issn":["0899-9457","1098-1098"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W941314115","https://openalex.org/W2021497662","https://openalex.org/W2023045845","https://openalex.org/W2038008306","https://openalex.org/W2066395825","https://openalex.org/W2086115717","https://openalex.org/W2088712498","https://openalex.org/W2115551796","https://openalex.org/W2118360196","https://openalex.org/W2412199886","https://openalex.org/W2439067546","https://openalex.org/W2463404678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319586039","https://openalex.org/W4382583540","https://openalex.org/W1607100495","https://openalex.org/W2147072251","https://openalex.org/W1990844505","https://openalex.org/W2148568324","https://openalex.org/W4386721910","https://openalex.org/W4378770618","https://openalex.org/W2164147222","https://openalex.org/W2038393145"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Clinical":[1],"experience":[2],"in":[3,16,135,160,195],"single\u2010dose":[4],"stereotactic":[5,37],"radiotherapy":[6,38,214],"of":[7,39,55,63,66,71,107,114,125,138,149,191],"irregular":[8,140],"complex":[9,40],"lesions":[10,41],"has":[11],"shown":[12],"that":[13,171],"new":[14],"developments":[15],"optimization":[17,202],"procedures":[18],"were":[19],"necessary":[20],"to":[21,129,212],"improve":[22],"dose":[23],"distribution,":[24],"making":[25],"this":[26,56,150],"conformal":[27,34,57],"technique":[28],"more":[29,156],"efficient.":[30],"We":[31],"propose":[32],"a":[33,75,155,205],"procedure":[35,58,207],"for":[36,88,97,111],"treated":[42],"with":[43,143,176],"multiple":[44],"isocenters":[45],"based":[46],"on":[47,117],"the":[48,61,64,69,80,83,89,94,105,112,126,136,161,177,189,196],"associated":[49],"targets":[50],"methodology.":[51],"The":[52,123,146],"successive":[53],"steps":[54],"are:":[59],"(a)":[60],"determination":[62],"number":[65,148,190],"subvolumes;":[67],"(b)":[68],"choice":[70,113],"collimator":[72],"diameters":[73],"using":[74,100],"dosimetric":[76],"data":[77],"basis;":[78],"(c)":[79],"search":[81],"by":[82],"inverse":[84],"SVD":[85,127,197,201],"optimizer":[86,128],"algorithm":[87],"optimal":[90,172],"irradiation":[91],"space":[92],"and":[93,120,181],"minibeam":[95],"weights":[96],"each":[98],"subvolume":[99],"singular":[101,179,192],"value":[102],"decomposition;":[103],"(d)":[104],"basis":[106],"quantitative":[108],"evaluation":[109],"criteria":[110],"satisfactory":[115],"solutions":[116,173],"dose\u2010volume":[118],"histograms":[119],"clinical":[121],"considerations.":[122],"efficiency":[124],"planify":[130],"multi\u2010isocentric":[131],"treatments":[132],"was":[133],"examined":[134],"case":[137],"an":[139,182],"lesion":[141],"planified":[142],"two":[144],"isocenters.":[145],"condition":[147],"dual":[151],"isocentric":[152],"configuration":[153],"showed":[154],"ill\u2010conditioned":[157],"problem":[158],"than":[159],"monoisocentric":[162],"case.":[163],"Examining":[164],"different":[165,213],"reconstructed":[166],"weighting":[167],"vectors,":[168],"we":[169],"observed":[170],"are":[174],"obtained":[175],"first":[178],"components":[180,193],"important":[183],"healthy":[184],"tissue":[185],"overdosage":[186],"occurs":[187],"when":[188],"used":[194],"expansion":[198],"increases.":[199],"Our":[200],"approach":[203],"is":[204],"general":[206],"which":[208],"can":[209],"be":[210],"applied":[211],"techniques.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
