{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2005663002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850050207","title":"Orthogonal decomposition framework for ionospheric tomography algorithms","display_name":"Orthogonal decomposition framework for ionospheric tomography algorithms","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2005663002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850050207","mag":"2005663002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ima.1850050207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850050207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15952048","display_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","issn_l":"0899-9457","issn":["0899-9457","1098-1098"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065445745","display_name":"E. K. Sutton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-7189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric Sutton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, 4400 Engineering Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242\u20131595"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, 4400 Engineering Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242\u20131595","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009233791","display_name":"Helen Na","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helen Na","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, 4400 Engineering Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242\u20131595"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, 4400 Engineering Building, Iowa City, Iowa 52242\u20131595","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065445745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"],"apc_list":{"value":3450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1165,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7387692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"106","last_page":"111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10271","display_name":"Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10271","display_name":"Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonality","display_name":"Orthogonality","score":0.7837666273117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.7186863422393799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a-priori-and-a-posteriori","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","score":0.6753592491149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.5922053456306458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-basis","display_name":"Orthogonal basis","score":0.591005802154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis-function","display_name":"Basis function","score":0.5820301175117493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-functions","display_name":"Orthogonal functions","score":0.544211745262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5429633855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-reconstruction-technique","display_name":"Algebraic Reconstruction Technique","score":0.529791533946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/basis","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","score":0.5283684730529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.48839467763900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourier-transform","display_name":"Fourier transform","score":0.43575239181518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.42739415168762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3282667398452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-reconstruction","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","score":0.2627897560596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.19849243760108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.17784026265144348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.12852269411087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.12213769555091858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.08377063274383545}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17137986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215067","display_name":"Orthogonality","level":2,"score":0.7837666273117065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.7186863422393799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75553542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","level":2,"score":0.6753592491149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5922053456306458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187064257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3306808","display_name":"Orthogonal basis","level":2,"score":0.591005802154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5917680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621825","display_name":"Basis function","level":2,"score":0.5820301175117493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135925592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2637908","display_name":"Orthogonal functions","level":2,"score":0.544211745262146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5429633855819702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206654267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4723986","display_name":"Algebraic Reconstruction Technique","level":3,"score":0.529791533946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12426560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189569","display_name":"Basis (linear algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5283684730529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.48839467763900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102519508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520159","display_name":"Fourier transform","level":2,"score":0.43575239181518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.42739415168762207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3282667398452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141379421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6094427","display_name":"Iterative reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.2627897560596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.19849243760108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.17784026265144348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.12852269411087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12213769555091858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.08377063274383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ima.1850050207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ima.1850050207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15952048","display_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","issn_l":"0899-9457","issn":["0899-9457","1098-1098"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148389605","https://openalex.org/W1210424432","https://openalex.org/W1662062059","https://openalex.org/W1976051399","https://openalex.org/W2021059374","https://openalex.org/W2026466021","https://openalex.org/W2037521346","https://openalex.org/W2055106255","https://openalex.org/W2061390890","https://openalex.org/W2091345810","https://openalex.org/W2109678466","https://openalex.org/W2114684117","https://openalex.org/W2130716416","https://openalex.org/W2131953159","https://openalex.org/W2137964557","https://openalex.org/W2153568285","https://openalex.org/W2161238561"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232228426","https://openalex.org/W4246218487","https://openalex.org/W3027134404","https://openalex.org/W2370666208","https://openalex.org/W1986237207","https://openalex.org/W2542996578","https://openalex.org/W2091345810","https://openalex.org/W2079913584","https://openalex.org/W2589666312","https://openalex.org/W2041792724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Computerized":[1],"ionospheric":[2],"tomography":[3,30],"(CIT)":[4],"is":[5,23],"one":[6],"of":[7,15,18,27,42,90,105],"the":[8,13,19,40,65,69,88,91,96,103],"most":[9],"recent":[10],"developments":[11],"in":[12,31,109],"area":[14],"remote":[16],"sensing":[17],"ionosphere.":[20],"This":[21,47,85],"system":[22],"a":[24,82,106],"special":[25],"case":[26],"limited":[28],"angle":[29],"which":[32],"not":[33],"only":[34],"are":[35],"projection":[36,45],"angles":[37],"limited,":[38],"but":[39],"number":[41],"samples":[43],"per":[44],"varies.":[46],"article":[48,86],"presents":[49,100],"an":[50],"orthogonal":[51,113],"decomposition":[52],"framework":[53],"for":[54],"unifying":[55],"CIT":[56],"algorithms":[57,62,77],"including":[58],"both":[59],"generalized":[60],"classical":[61,97],"such":[63],"as":[64],"algebraic":[66],"reconstruction":[67],"technique,":[68],"direct":[70],"Fourier":[71],"method,":[72],"and":[73,76,99,112],"filtered":[74,110],"backprojection,":[75],"using":[78],"basis":[79,92],"functions":[80,93],"from":[81],"priori":[83,107],"information.":[84],"discusses":[87],"orthogonality":[89],"associated":[94],"with":[95],"techniques":[98],"simulations":[101],"comparing":[102],"use":[104],"information":[108],"backprojection":[111],"decomposition.\u00a91994":[114],"John":[115],"Wiley":[116],"&":[117],"Sons":[118],"Inc":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}