{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128232956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70057","title":"In\u2010Memory Binary Vector\u2010Matrix Multiplication Circuit Design for Triangle Counting Algorithm Acceleration","display_name":"In\u2010Memory Binary Vector\u2010Matrix Multiplication Circuit Design for Triangle Counting Algorithm Acceleration","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128232956","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70057"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cta.70057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92132303","display_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","issn_l":"0098-9886","issn":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024965739","display_name":"Sichun Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4718-8042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198357462","display_name":"Changsha University","ror":"https://ror.org/011d8sm39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sichun Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079595639","display_name":"Yu Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198357462","display_name":"Changsha University","ror":"https://ror.org/011d8sm39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1001-2037","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100775347","display_name":"Jie Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-7724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198357462","display_name":"Changsha University","ror":"https://ror.org/011d8sm39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3929-9930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198357462","display_name":"Changsha University","ror":"https://ror.org/011d8sm39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3929-9930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065673165","display_name":"Pingdan Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-8551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198357462","display_name":"Changsha University","ror":"https://ror.org/011d8sm39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pingdan Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052210009","display_name":"Qinghui Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6210-6033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198357462","display_name":"Changsha University","ror":"https://ror.org/011d8sm39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qinghui Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University  Changsha China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052210009"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230","https://openalex.org/I198357462"],"apc_list":{"value":3660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3660},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58954227,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"3","first_page":"1350","last_page":"1362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.3343999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.3343999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.10970000177621841,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.0982000008225441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.6152999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-multiplication","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","score":0.5845999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.5530999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-acceleration","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","score":0.5113999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.45239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/von-neumann-architecture","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-electronics","display_name":"Digital electronics","score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.39719998836517334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6565999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.6152999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6025000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17349429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049914","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","level":3,"score":0.5845999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5627999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5616000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.5530999898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13164978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600158","display_name":"Hardware acceleration","level":3,"score":0.5113999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.45239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80469333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189088","display_name":"Von Neumann architecture","level":2,"score":0.4041000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81843906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173156","display_name":"Digital electronics","level":3,"score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.39719998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201290732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130762","display_name":"Multiplication algorithm","level":3,"score":0.3921000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.38830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.38749998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3309909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864155","display_name":"Binary decision diagram","level":2,"score":0.36890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190560348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3245116","display_name":"Circuit design","level":2,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56372850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050404","display_name":"Sparse matrix","level":3,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.30390000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.29319998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163561899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1994977","display_name":"Logical matrix","level":3,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114237110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114901","display_name":"Gate array","level":3,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120373497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1087987","display_name":"Parallel algorithm","level":2,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74524168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074539","display_name":"Integrated circuit design","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82178898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166839","display_name":"Voltage drop","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cta.70057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.70057","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92132303","display_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","issn_l":"0098-9886","issn":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2113147612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023RC3103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328381","funder_display_name":"Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2996864264","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KH2202001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336753","funder_display_name":"Changsha Science and Technology Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4369517068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62234008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8173994811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471177","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8795081609","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371186","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8863064081","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176163","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328381","display_name":"Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336753","display_name":"Changsha Science and Technology Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W222438209","https://openalex.org/W1665157575","https://openalex.org/W2002205566","https://openalex.org/W2016311778","https://openalex.org/W2094631006","https://openalex.org/W2102322109","https://openalex.org/W2120595041","https://openalex.org/W2154191591","https://openalex.org/W2175491137","https://openalex.org/W2295683497","https://openalex.org/W2335248059","https://openalex.org/W2338082078","https://openalex.org/W2536223246","https://openalex.org/W2602207927","https://openalex.org/W2765752351","https://openalex.org/W2766397065","https://openalex.org/W2767084598","https://openalex.org/W2790789433","https://openalex.org/W2902418993","https://openalex.org/W2919404289","https://openalex.org/W2977946508","https://openalex.org/W3006060129","https://openalex.org/W3036136350","https://openalex.org/W3046476726","https://openalex.org/W3117114592","https://openalex.org/W3133642374","https://openalex.org/W3207846280","https://openalex.org/W3217580571","https://openalex.org/W3217719968","https://openalex.org/W4205541117","https://openalex.org/W4313184548","https://openalex.org/W4323897140","https://openalex.org/W4390337120","https://openalex.org/W4400410928","https://openalex.org/W4404628245"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Triangle":[1],"counting":[2],"(TC)":[3],"is":[4,72,122],"a":[5,53,76,86,112,159],"fundamental":[6],"operation":[7],"in":[8],"graph":[9],"computing.":[10],"However,":[11],"conventional":[12],"TC":[13,66,70],"algorithms":[14],"based":[15,58],"on":[16,59,109],"binary":[17,54,78],"matrix":[18,79,136],"operations":[19],"suffer":[20],"from":[21],"low":[22],"computational":[23,130],"efficiency":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,64,104,151],"high":[27],"storage\u2010to\u2010computation":[28],"ratios":[29],"and":[30,119,138],"irregular":[31],"memory":[32],"access":[33],"patterns,":[34],"both":[35],"exacerbated":[36],"by":[37],"the":[38,42,83,93,99,155],"bandwidth":[39],"bottleneck":[40],"of":[41,85,96,161,165],"von":[43],"Neumann":[44],"architecture.":[45],"To":[46],"overcome":[47],"these":[48],"limitations,":[49],"this":[50,110],"paper":[51],"presents":[52],"vector\u2010matrix":[55,106],"multiplication":[56,80],"circuit":[57,100],"in\u2010memory":[60,88],"computing,":[61],"specifically":[62],"designed":[63],"accelerate":[65,105],"algorithms.":[67],"The":[68],"intersection\u2010based":[69],"approach":[71],"first":[73],"reformulated":[74],"as":[75],"constrained":[77],"problem,":[81],"enabling":[82],"design":[84],"programmable":[87],"computing":[89,121],"circuit.":[90],"By":[91],"modulating":[92],"gate":[94],"voltage":[95,148],"CMOS":[97],"transistors,":[98],"efficiently":[101],"manages":[102],"constraints":[103],"operations.":[107],"Building":[108],"foundation,":[111],"hardware":[113],"acceleration":[114],"scheme":[115],"leveraging":[116],"block":[117],"partitioning":[118],"parallel":[120],"proposed.":[123],"PSPICE":[124],"simulation":[125],"results":[126],"demonstrate":[127],"an":[128],"average":[129],"accuracy":[131,145],"exceeding":[132],"99%":[133],"across":[134],"various":[135],"sizes":[137],"robustness":[139],"against":[140],"noise,":[141],"maintaining":[142],"over":[143],"95%":[144],"under":[146],"10%":[147],"variation.":[149],"Compared":[150],"traditional":[152],"digital":[153],"processors,":[154],"proposed":[156],"solution":[157],"achieves":[158],"speedup":[160],"approximately":[162],"three":[163],"orders":[164],"magnitude":[166],"(1000":[167],").":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T15:47:20.252518","created_date":"2026-02-08T00:00:00"}