{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409441189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.4549","title":"Smart Temperature Sensor Using Ring Oscillators and All\u2010Digital Sigma\u2010Delta Modulator in 180\u2010nm Technology","display_name":"Smart Temperature Sensor Using Ring Oscillators and All\u2010Digital Sigma\u2010Delta Modulator in 180\u2010nm Technology","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409441189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.4549"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cta.4549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.4549","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cta.4549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92132303","display_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","issn_l":"0098-9886","issn":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cta.4549","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117148427","display_name":"Ivan Porin Toli\u0107","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154481106","display_name":"AMS (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vz6gs79","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["AT","HR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivan\u00a0Porin Toli\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia","ams\u2010OSRAM AG  Premst\u00e4tten Austria"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7209-229X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ams\u2010OSRAM AG  Premst\u00e4tten Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117148428","display_name":"Michael Kleinschuster","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Kleinschuster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graz University of Technology  Graz Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041976550","display_name":"Gregor Schatzberger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154481106","display_name":"AMS (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vz6gs79","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregor Schatzberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["ams\u2010OSRAM AG  Premst\u00e4tten Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ams\u2010OSRAM AG  Premst\u00e4tten Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154481106"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055294385","display_name":"Tvrtko Mandi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5913-7544"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tvrtko Mandi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5913-7544","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021811907","display_name":"Adrijan Bari\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-3086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181343428","display_name":"University of Zagreb","ror":"https://ror.org/00mv6sv71","country_code":"HR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}],"countries":["HR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrijan Bari\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb  Zagreb Croatia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181343428"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117148427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154481106","https://openalex.org/I181343428"],"apc_list":{"value":3660,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3660},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4223,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57211732,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"12","first_page":"7271","last_page":"7280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.7745077610015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.6613662838935852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","score":0.6064927577972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma","display_name":"Sigma","score":0.4926674962043762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.444886714220047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.37568992376327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.36897018551826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3665766716003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3246315121650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.15730643272399902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.10523536801338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.09232950210571289}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.7745077610015869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.6613662838935852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351438","display_name":"Ring (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6064927577972412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234","display_name":"Sigma","level":2,"score":0.4926674962043762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.444886714220047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.37568992376327515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.36897018551826477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3665766716003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3246315121650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15730643272399902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.10523536801338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.09232950210571289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cta.4549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.4549","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cta.4549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92132303","display_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","issn_l":"0098-9886","issn":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cta.4549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.4549","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cta.4549","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92132303","display_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","issn_l":"0098-9886","issn":["0098-9886","1097-007X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409441189.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409441189.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966656109","https://openalex.org/W2042413447","https://openalex.org/W2048162222","https://openalex.org/W2087509188","https://openalex.org/W2344834436","https://openalex.org/W2375468080","https://openalex.org/W2472878757","https://openalex.org/W2518173922","https://openalex.org/W2575765302","https://openalex.org/W2603302887","https://openalex.org/W2625288951","https://openalex.org/W2777758997","https://openalex.org/W2791283882","https://openalex.org/W2913702066","https://openalex.org/W2954663419","https://openalex.org/W2990976435","https://openalex.org/W2994501168","https://openalex.org/W3047808010","https://openalex.org/W3083634856","https://openalex.org/W3132090040","https://openalex.org/W3190643894","https://openalex.org/W3200437099","https://openalex.org/W4249044543","https://openalex.org/W4280578918","https://openalex.org/W4287735702","https://openalex.org/W4298159624","https://openalex.org/W4309156399","https://openalex.org/W4310713985","https://openalex.org/W4365420985","https://openalex.org/W4375802119","https://openalex.org/W4382365384","https://openalex.org/W4389331426","https://openalex.org/W4390097269","https://openalex.org/W4392251575"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2538983634","https://openalex.org/W2495953643","https://openalex.org/W1987658008","https://openalex.org/W2800677388","https://openalex.org/W2099210776","https://openalex.org/W2154555498","https://openalex.org/W3010725604","https://openalex.org/W2065341556","https://openalex.org/W4233608695","https://openalex.org/W1482165582"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"A":[1],"ratiometric":[2],"time\u2010domain":[3],"temperature":[4,23,29,92],"sensor":[5,15,71,129],"is":[6,130,134,138,145],"presented":[7],"in":[8,94,100],"this":[9],"work.":[10],"The":[11,50,70,103,124],"front\u2010end":[12],"of":[13,38,60,75,90,106,127],"the":[14,36,41,45,47,87,107,115,121,128,142],"generates":[16,40],"two":[17,33],"temperature\u2010dependent":[18],"currents:":[19],"proportional":[20],"to":[21,27,147],"absolute":[22,28],"(PTAT)":[24],"and":[25,44,66,117,136,141],"complementary":[26],"(CTAT),":[30],"which":[31,39,81],"bias":[32],"ring":[34],"oscillators,":[35],"first":[37],"PTAT":[42],"clock":[43],"second":[46],"CTAT":[48],"clock.":[49],"clocks":[51],"are":[52,111],"combined":[53],"within":[54],"an":[55,61,73,84],"all\u2010digital":[56],"sigma\u2013delta":[57],"converter":[58],"consisting":[59],"up/down":[62],"counter,":[63],"a":[64,67],"Flip\u2010Flop,":[65],"12\u2010bit":[68],"counter.":[69],"occupies":[72],"area":[74],"only":[76],"0.019":[77],"mm":[78],"2":[79],",":[80],"gives":[82],"it":[83],"advantage":[85],"over":[86],"vast":[88],"majority":[89],"smart":[91],"sensors":[93,99],"180\u2010nm":[95],"technology,":[96],"including":[97],"some":[98],"lower":[101],"nodes.":[102],"min/max":[104],"accuracies":[105],"measured":[108],"12":[109],"parts":[110],"\u22120.6/+6.6\u00b0C":[112],"achieved":[113,119],"with":[114,120],"1\u2010point":[116],"\u22122.7/+2.3\u00b0C":[118],"2\u2010point":[122],"trimming.":[123],"nominal":[125],"resolution":[126,133],"0.3\u00b0C":[131],"(effective":[132],"0.37\u00b0C":[135],"ENOB":[137],"8.8":[139],"bits)":[140],"measuring":[143],"range":[144],"\u221240":[146],"125\u00b0C.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
