{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083708613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.4330020304","title":"Benchmarking advanced architecture computers","display_name":"Benchmarking advanced architecture computers","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083708613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.4330020304","mag":"2083708613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cpe.4330020304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.4330020304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209928","display_name":"Concurrency Practice and Experience","issn_l":"1040-3108","issn":["1040-3108","1096-9128"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Concurrency: Practice and Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015292976","display_name":"Paul Messina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Messina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108489088","display_name":"E.W. Felten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Felten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105417330","display_name":"P. Hipes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Hipes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110163577","display_name":"R. Williams","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110163578","display_name":"Arnold Alagar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","display_name":"California Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05dxps055","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Alagar","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Caltech Concurrent Supercomputing Facilities 158-79 California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086566536","display_name":"Anke Kamrath","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Kamrath","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109409989","display_name":"Robert Leary","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Leary","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020903210","display_name":"Wayne Pfeiffer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Pfeiffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059255534","display_name":"John Rogers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0304-5266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Rogers","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034009645","display_name":"David Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-6330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155781252","display_name":"University of South Carolina","ror":"https://ror.org/02b6qw903","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181653535","display_name":"San Diego Supercomputer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04mg3nk07","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181653535","https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics University of South Carolina Columbia, SC 29208, USA","San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics University of South Carolina Columbia, SC 29208, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155781252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Diego Supercomputer Center P. O. Box 85608 San Diego, CA 92138, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181653535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015292976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9398,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94767218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"3","first_page":"195","last_page":"255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8202881813049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6688232421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6587105989456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypercube","display_name":"Hypercube","score":0.5455883741378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intel-ipsc","display_name":"Intel iPSC","score":0.5210860967636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.5145658850669861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequent","display_name":"Sequent","score":0.4677472412586212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simd","display_name":"SIMD","score":0.43387162685394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiprocessing","display_name":"Multiprocessing","score":0.4278077781200409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.42145997285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.33825621008872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13361325860023499}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8202881813049316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6688232421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6587105989456177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50820777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213723","display_name":"Hypercube","level":2,"score":0.5455883741378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199115840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108649754","display_name":"Intel iPSC","level":3,"score":0.5210860967636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.5145658850669861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89421646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843632","display_name":"Sequent","level":2,"score":0.4677472412586212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150552126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339387","display_name":"SIMD","level":2,"score":0.43387162685394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4822641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846651","display_name":"Multiprocessing","level":2,"score":0.4278077781200409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.42145997285842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.33825621008872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13361325860023499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cpe.4330020304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cpe.4330020304","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209928","display_name":"Concurrency Practice and Experience","issn_l":"1040-3108","issn":["1040-3108","1096-9128"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Concurrency: Practice and Experience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:authors.library.caltech.edu:85537","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://authors.library.caltech.edu/85537/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402161","display_name":"CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122411786","host_organization_name":"California Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122411786"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7339310","https://openalex.org/W1495987887","https://openalex.org/W1663751263","https://openalex.org/W1966567992","https://openalex.org/W1968758799","https://openalex.org/W1977678265","https://openalex.org/W1987937537","https://openalex.org/W1990136163","https://openalex.org/W1991232375","https://openalex.org/W1992906507","https://openalex.org/W1994114125","https://openalex.org/W1995786904","https://openalex.org/W1996954920","https://openalex.org/W2003302344","https://openalex.org/W2004546271","https://openalex.org/W2005747434","https://openalex.org/W2007110403","https://openalex.org/W2009669822","https://openalex.org/W2011310789","https://openalex.org/W2011842427","https://openalex.org/W2013628561","https://openalex.org/W2020890378","https://openalex.org/W2029270491","https://openalex.org/W2034284166","https://openalex.org/W2039964347","https://openalex.org/W2042589044","https://openalex.org/W2045043476","https://openalex.org/W2045956235","https://openalex.org/W2068306188","https://openalex.org/W2071830975","https://openalex.org/W2079561552","https://openalex.org/W2082292996","https://openalex.org/W2083206954","https://openalex.org/W2083213453","https://openalex.org/W2084959724","https://openalex.org/W2089179316","https://openalex.org/W2127218465","https://openalex.org/W2136018460","https://openalex.org/W2256934037","https://openalex.org/W2916392783","https://openalex.org/W3082134019","https://openalex.org/W4237463180","https://openalex.org/W4245070659","https://openalex.org/W4253910861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3093207677","https://openalex.org/W4250003423","https://openalex.org/W2144283452","https://openalex.org/W2162737912","https://openalex.org/W2753964365","https://openalex.org/W2221439609","https://openalex.org/W2026686860","https://openalex.org/W2028685923","https://openalex.org/W3046001238","https://openalex.org/W1997332808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Recently,":[1],"a":[2,52,59,67,147,174],"number":[3,68,148],"of":[4,24,29,41,51,55,58,62,69,149,177,224,250],"advanced":[5,63,181],"architecture":[6,64,80,182],"machines":[7,14,81,98,104,120,127,200],"have":[8,26,152],"become":[9],"commercially":[10],"available.":[11],"These":[12],"new":[13],"promise":[15],"better":[16],"cost":[17],"performance":[18,57,191],"than":[19,228,241],"traditional":[20],"computers,":[21],"and":[22,49,90,94,110,141,170,205,218],"some":[23,203],"them":[25],"the":[27,36,47,56,84,87,91,101,107,123,130,137,156,161,189,193,196,215,229,232,242,251],"potential":[28],"competing":[30],"with":[31,208],"current":[32],"supercomputers,":[33],"such":[34,82,99,105,121,128,135],"as":[35,83,100,106,122,129,136],"CRAY":[37,138],"X\u2010MP,":[38,139],"in":[39,155,214],"terms":[40],"maximum":[42],"performance.":[43],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"describes":[46],"methodology":[48,169],"results":[50],"pilot":[53],"study":[54],"broad":[60],"range":[61],"computers":[65,75,183],"using":[66],"complete":[70],"scientific":[71,150],"application":[72,144,252],"programs.":[73],"The":[74,168,186],"evaluated":[76],"include:":[77],"shared\u2010memory":[78,96],"bus":[79],"Alliant":[85,216],"FX/8,":[86],"Encore":[88],"Multimax,":[89],"Sequent":[92,219],"Balance":[93],"Symmetry":[95],"network\u2010connected":[97],"Butterfly":[102],"distributed\u2010memory":[103],"NCUBE,":[108],"Intel":[109],"Jet":[111],"Propulsion":[112],"Laboratory":[113],"(JPL)/Caltech":[114],"hypercubes":[115,235],"very":[116],"long":[117],"instruction":[118],"word":[119],"Cydrome":[124],"Cydra\u20105":[125],"SIMD":[126],"Connection":[131],"Machine":[132],"\u2018traditional\u2019":[133],"supercomputers":[134],"CRAY\u20102":[140],"SCS\u201040.":[142],"Seven":[143],"codes":[145,162],"from":[146,248],"disciplines":[151],"been":[153],"used":[154],"study,":[157],"although":[158],"not":[159],"all":[160],"were":[163],"run":[164],"on":[165,192],"every":[166],"machine.":[167],"guidelines":[171],"for":[172,180],"establishing":[173],"standard":[175],"set":[176],"benchmark":[178,194],"programs":[179],"are":[184],"discussed.":[185],"CRAYs":[187],"offer":[188],"best":[190],"suite;":[195],"shared":[197],"memory":[198],"multiprocessor":[199],"generally":[201,238],"permitted":[202,245],"parallelism,":[204],"when":[206],"coupled":[207],"substantial":[209,246],"floating":[210],"point":[211],"capabilities":[212],"(as":[213],"FX/8":[217],"Symmetry),":[220],"provided":[221],"an":[222],"order":[223],"magnitude":[225],"less":[226],"speed":[227],"CRAYs.":[230],"Likewise,":[231],"early":[233],"generation":[234],"studied":[236],"here":[237],"ran":[239],"slower":[240],"CRAYs,":[243],"but":[244],"parallelism":[247],"each":[249],"codes.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T23:56:10.502304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
