{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414761657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70116","title":"Evaluating Idle Animation Believability: A User Perspective","display_name":"Evaluating Idle Animation Believability: A User Perspective","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414761657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cav.70116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100062975","display_name":"Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds","issn_l":"1546-4261","issn":["1546-4261","1546-427X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70116","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Eneko Atxa Landa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7281-4679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149720","display_name":"Diputaci\u00f3n Foral de Gipuzkoa","ror":"https://ror.org/05bvkb649","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eneko Atxa Landa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7281-4679","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082262750","display_name":"Elena Lazkano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7653-6210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149720","display_name":"Diputaci\u00f3n Foral de Gipuzkoa","ror":"https://ror.org/05bvkb649","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elena Lazkano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014267619","display_name":"Igor Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1432-102X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149720","display_name":"Diputaci\u00f3n Foral de Gipuzkoa","ror":"https://ror.org/05bvkb649","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013166131","display_name":"Itsaso Rodr\u00edguez-Moreno","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8471-9765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149720","display_name":"Diputaci\u00f3n Foral de Gipuzkoa","ror":"https://ror.org/05bvkb649","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itsaso Rodriguez\u2010Moreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084713480","display_name":"Itziar Irigoien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-4399"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149720","display_name":"Diputaci\u00f3n Foral de Gipuzkoa","ror":"https://ror.org/05bvkb649","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itziar Irigoien","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Science and Artificial Intelligence University of the Basque Country  Gipuzkoa Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149720"],"apc_list":{"value":3040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3040},"apc_paid":{"value":3040,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3040},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00525067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9840999841690063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.939300000667572,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9282000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idle","display_name":"Idle","score":0.9168999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.8223999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.5598000288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-facial-animation","display_name":"Computer facial animation","score":0.49410000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-animation","display_name":"Computer animation","score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skeletal-animation","display_name":"Skeletal animation","score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avatar","display_name":"Avatar","score":0.384799987077713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16320812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812200","display_name":"Idle","level":2,"score":0.9168999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.8223999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.807699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.5598000288009644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.49410000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.45840001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44710944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813564","display_name":"Skeletal animation","level":5,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777365542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83090","display_name":"Avatar","level":2,"score":0.384799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3610999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3061000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126057942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35158","display_name":"Stereoscopy","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cav.70116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100062975","display_name":"Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds","issn_l":"1546-4261","issn":["1546-4261","1546-427X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2509.05023","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05023","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.05023","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2509.05023","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05023","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.05023","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2509.05023","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2509.05023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cav.70116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.70116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100062975","display_name":"Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds","issn_l":"1546-4261","issn":["1546-4261","1546-427X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1863053790","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2021-122402OB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2030761757","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2021-122402OB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3076218603","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IT1427-22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","funder_display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3447526654","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2021-122402OB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","funder_display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5164203525","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IT\u20101427\u201022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","funder_display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5238334607","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2021\u2010122402OB\u2010C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G77491781","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PIF 23/07","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321919","funder_display_name":"Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8557691033","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2021-122402OB-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza","ror":"https://ror.org/00pz2fp31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321919","display_name":"Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Animating":[1],"realistic":[2,65],"avatars":[3],"requires":[4],"using":[5],"high\u2010quality":[6],"animations":[7,67,116,137,150],"for":[8,44,95],"every":[9],"possible":[10],"state":[11],"the":[12,72,77,82,85,164,168,185],"avatar":[13],"can":[14,159],"be":[15,69,152,160],"in.":[16],"This":[17,171],"includes":[18],"actions":[19],"like":[20],"walking":[21],"or":[22,39,55],"running,":[23],"but":[24,59],"also":[25,131],"subtle":[26],"movements":[27],"that":[28,110,133,147,157],"convey":[29],"emotions":[30],"and":[31,46,98,113,121,138,197],"personality.":[32],"Idle":[33],"animations,":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36,119],"standing,":[37],"breathing,":[38],"looking":[40],"around,":[41],"are":[42,52,89,117,123,141],"crucial":[43],"realism":[45],"believability.":[47],"In":[48],"virtual":[49],"applications,":[50],"these":[51],"often":[53],"handcrafted":[54],"recorded":[56,135],"with":[57,81],"actors,":[58],"this":[60,99,107],"is":[61],"costly.":[62],"Furthermore,":[63],"recording":[64,78,100,148,169],"idle":[66,92,115,136,149,178,189,199],"may":[68,102],"complex,":[70],"since":[71],"actor":[73],"being":[74],"aware":[75],"of":[76,84,195],"could":[79],"interfere":[80],"genuineness":[83],"movements.":[86],"Currently,":[87],"there":[88],"no":[90],"large\u2010scale":[91],"animation":[93,179,190],"datasets":[94],"deep":[96],"learning,":[97],"challenge":[101],"partly":[103],"explain":[104],"this.":[105],"Nevertheless,":[106],"paper":[108],"concludes":[109],"both":[111],"acted":[112,198],"genuine":[114],"perceived":[118,142],"real,":[120],"users":[122],"not":[124],"able":[125],"to":[126,162,176],"distinguish":[127],"between":[128],"them.":[129],"It":[130],"states":[132],"raw":[134],"artist\u2010retouched":[139],"ones":[140],"differently.":[143],"These":[144],"conclusions":[145],"mean":[146],"should":[151,172],"easier":[153],"than":[154],"expected,":[155],"implying":[156],"actors":[158],"instructed":[161],"act":[163],"movements,":[165],"significantly":[166],"simplifying":[167],"process.":[170],"help":[173],"future":[174],"efforts":[175],"record":[177],"datasets.":[180],"Finally,":[181],"we":[182],"publish":[183],"ReActIdle,":[184],"first":[186],"three":[187],"dimensional":[188],"dataset":[191],"containing":[192],"long":[193],"sequences":[194],"real":[196],"motions.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-02T00:00:00"}
