{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7106512868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.70107","title":"Design of Experimental System for Simulation of Heat Transfer Phenomenon Based on Physics\u2010Informed Neural Network","display_name":"Design of Experimental System for Simulation of Heat Transfer Phenomenon Based on Physics\u2010Informed Neural Network","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7106512868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.70107"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cae.70107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.70107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159433931","display_name":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education","issn_l":"1061-3773","issn":["1061-3773","1099-0542"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhang Lina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5005-1514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhang Lina","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lin Zihan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6377-7458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Zihan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xie Xiaotao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xie Xiaotao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Si Ming","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Si Ming","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Science and Technology Xi'an China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"],"apc_list":{"value":3760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3760},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58274924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"6","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.2207999974489212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.2207999974489212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13116","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Numerical Methods","score":0.11680000275373459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11948","display_name":"Machine Learning in Materials Science","score":0.04899999871850014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latin-hypercube-sampling","display_name":"Latin hypercube sampling","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6062999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5910999774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.5304999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.5216000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.42289999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-equation","display_name":"Heat equation","score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.37380000948905945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6995999813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20820323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6496514","display_name":"Latin hypercube sampling","level":3,"score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6062999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5910999774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.5304999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.5216000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48570001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.42289999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202787564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510488","display_name":"Heat equation","level":2,"score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.37380000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135252773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567213","display_name":"Inverse problem","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23917780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50698","display_name":"Algebraic equation","level":3,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50820777","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213723","display_name":"Hypercube","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122383733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865920","display_name":"Approximation error","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81299745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334269","display_name":"Transfer function","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47822265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854457","display_name":"Complex system","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.27140000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776175482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195816","display_name":"Transfer (computing)","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11577676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134237","display_name":"Square root","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cae.70107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.70107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159433931","display_name":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education","issn_l":"1061-3773","issn":["1061-3773","1099-0542"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Applications in Engineering Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.822515070438385,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980998330","https://openalex.org/W2315519672","https://openalex.org/W2500996312","https://openalex.org/W2563492314","https://openalex.org/W2899283552","https://openalex.org/W3003589545","https://openalex.org/W3014009018","https://openalex.org/W3025645353","https://openalex.org/W3131706438","https://openalex.org/W3153200540","https://openalex.org/W3167338873","https://openalex.org/W3171202467","https://openalex.org/W3183773206","https://openalex.org/W3195334072","https://openalex.org/W4205376695","https://openalex.org/W4212954647","https://openalex.org/W4281753853","https://openalex.org/W4306920631","https://openalex.org/W4309548460","https://openalex.org/W4311615368","https://openalex.org/W4379014719","https://openalex.org/W4381885110","https://openalex.org/W4387116709","https://openalex.org/W4388538465","https://openalex.org/W4390539306","https://openalex.org/W4391681655","https://openalex.org/W4393162398","https://openalex.org/W4401112036","https://openalex.org/W4409502824","https://openalex.org/W4411167870","https://openalex.org/W4412457663"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"The":[1],"heat":[2,14,69,116,252],"transfer":[3,15,70,117,253],"equation":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,63,167],"fundamental":[7],"mathematical":[8],"model":[9],"in":[10,27,90,204],"physics":[11],"that":[12],"describes":[13],"phenomena.":[16],"However,":[17],"due":[18],"to":[19,52,242,256],"the":[20,37,54,85,97,122,159,163,176,178,182,205,238],"extremely":[21],"complex":[22],"solving":[23,41],"process":[24],"and":[25,45,82,94,127,144,151,188,223,235,246,255,261],"difficulty":[26],"visualizing":[28],"results":[29,123,143],"when":[30],"analyzing":[31],"practical":[32],"problems,":[33],"as":[34,36],"well":[35],"insufficient":[38],"application":[39],"of":[40,121,162,233],"methods":[42],"for":[43,67,113,124,250],"forward":[44,126],"inverse":[46,128],"problem":[47],"analysis,":[48],"making":[49],"it":[50,137],"difficult":[51],"meet":[53],"experimental":[55,65,179,206],"teaching":[56,170,251],"needs":[57],"effectively.":[58],"To":[59,157],"address":[60],"these":[61],"issues,":[62],"numerical":[64,142],"system":[66,109,239],"simulating":[68],"phenomena":[71],"based":[72],"on":[73],"Physics\u2010Informed":[74],"Neural":[75],"Network":[76],"(PINN)":[77],"was":[78,173,240],"developed":[79],"using":[80],"PySide2":[81],"Python.":[83],"Specifically,":[84],"PINN":[86,111],"solvers":[87],"were":[88,101,192,214,225],"implemented":[89],"PyTorch":[91],"(via":[92],"DeepXDE)":[93],"integrated":[95],"into":[96],"GUI,":[98],"training":[99],"points":[100],"generated":[102],"by":[103],"Latin":[104],"hypercube":[105],"sampling":[106],"(pyDOE).":[107],"This":[108],"implements":[110],"algorithms":[112],"three":[114],"different":[115],"equations,":[118],"providing":[119],"visualizations":[120],"both":[125,258],"problems":[129],"across":[130],"varying":[131],"parameters":[132],"through":[133],"color\u2010mapping":[134],"charts.":[135],"Additionally,":[136],"compares":[138],"analytical":[139],"solutions":[140],"with":[141],"reports":[145],"residuals,":[146],"mean":[147,153],"square":[148,154],"error":[149,155],"(MSE),":[150],"root":[152],"(RMSE).":[156],"evaluate":[158],"instructional":[160],"value":[161],"PINN\u2010based":[164],"simulation":[165],"platform,":[166],"randomized":[168],"controlled":[169],"experiment":[171],"()":[172],"conducted.":[174],"On":[175],"posttest,":[177],"group":[180,184,207],"outperformed":[181],"control":[183],"(":[185],"vs.":[186,209],"),":[187,210],"larger":[189],"pre\u2013post":[190],"gains":[191,213],"observed":[193],"().":[194],"Self\u2010assessed":[195],"understanding":[196],"(5\u2010item":[197],"Likert,":[198],"25\u2010point":[199],"total)":[200],"likewise":[201],"improved":[202],"more":[203],"(post":[208],"whereas":[211],"control\u2010group":[212],"not":[215],"significant":[216],"(tests:":[217],";":[218],"Likert:":[219],").":[220],"System":[221],"usability":[222],"acceptance":[224],"rated":[226],"highly":[227],"(),":[228],"indicating":[229],"strong":[230],"perceived":[231,262],"ease":[232],"use":[234],"usefulness.":[236],"Overall,":[237],"found":[241],"provide":[243],"an":[244],"interactive":[245],"effective":[247],"learning":[248],"environment":[249],"equations":[254],"improve":[257],"objective":[259],"performance":[260],"understanding.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-25T21:42:39.735039","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}
