{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2069422156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630350206","title":"System design for detection and correction of spelling errors in scientific and scholarly text","display_name":"System design for detection and correction of spelling errors in scientific and scholarly text","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2069422156","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630350206","mag":"2069422156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/asi.4630350206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630350206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080645084","display_name":"Joseph J. Pollock","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph J. Pollock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical Abstracts Service, P. O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210","Chemical Abstracts Service, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Abstracts Service, P. O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Abstracts Service, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000162620","display_name":"Antonio Zamora","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0293-0829"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Zamora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemical Abstracts Service, P. O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210","Chemical Abstracts Service, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Abstracts Service, P. O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemical Abstracts Service, P.O. Box 3012, Columbus, OH 43210","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080645084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16141115,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"2","first_page":"104","last_page":"109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spelling","display_name":"Spelling","score":0.920066237449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8237155079841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.6692793369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.5780518651008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5321594476699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.47948893904685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3593371510505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.11531469225883484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777801307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088390","display_name":"Spelling","level":2,"score":0.920066237449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8237155079841614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.6692793369293213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.5780518651008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5321594476699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.47948893904685974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3593371510505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.11531469225883484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/asi.4630350206","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630350206","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26591655","https://openalex.org/W1981203846","https://openalex.org/W2013413947","https://openalex.org/W2016768890","https://openalex.org/W2018423671","https://openalex.org/W2040717770","https://openalex.org/W2111192396","https://openalex.org/W2123845384","https://openalex.org/W4248343126","https://openalex.org/W6601052559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2161008081","https://openalex.org/W2100947578","https://openalex.org/W1555832326","https://openalex.org/W4298186509","https://openalex.org/W2556702969","https://openalex.org/W217221262","https://openalex.org/W611030372","https://openalex.org/W1974418053","https://openalex.org/W2081317458","https://openalex.org/W2021532426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,27],"SPEEDCOP":[2],"project":[3],"recently":[4],"completed":[5],"at":[6],"Chemical":[7],"Abstracts":[8],"Service":[9],"(CAS)":[10],"extracted":[11],"over":[12],"50,000":[13],"misspellings":[14,28],"from":[15,21],"approximately":[16],"25,000,000":[17],"words":[18],"of":[19,47,53,56,91,99,103],"text":[20],"seven":[22],"scientific":[23],"and":[24,32,34,40,61,74,94,97],"scholarly":[25],"databases.":[26],"were":[29],"automatically":[30,111],"classified":[31],"analyzed":[33],"the":[35,54,57,65,104,109],"results":[36],"used":[37],"to":[38,114],"design":[39,106],"implement":[41],"a":[42,72],"program":[43],"that":[44,67,108],"proved":[45],"capable":[46],"correcting":[48],"most":[49],"such":[50],"errors.":[51],"Analysis":[52],"performance":[55],"spelling":[58],"error":[59],"detection":[60],"correction":[62],"programs":[63],"highlighted":[64],"features":[66],"should":[68],"be":[69],"incorporated":[70],"into":[71],"powerful":[73],"user\u2010friendly":[75],"interactive":[76],"system":[77,110,123],"suitable":[78],"for":[79,86],"nonprogram\u2010mers.":[80],"These":[81],"include":[82],"document":[83],"level":[84],"thresholds":[85],"misspelling":[87],"detection,":[88],"automatic":[89],"reuse":[90],"user":[92,95],"decisions,":[93],"verification":[96],"control":[98],"correction.":[100],"An":[101],"advantage":[102],"proposed":[105],"is":[107,119],"customizes":[112],"itself":[113],"its":[115],"environment.":[116],"This":[117],"article":[118],"primarily":[120],"concerned":[121],"with":[122],"design,":[124],"not":[125],"implementation":[126],"details.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}