{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143695058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630240404","title":"Document retrieval experiments using cluster analysis","display_name":"Document retrieval experiments using cluster analysis","publication_year":1973,"publication_date":"1973-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143695058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630240404","mag":"2143695058"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/asi.4630240404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630240404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078013111","display_name":"Jack Minker","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149521062","display_name":"University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science","ror":"https://ror.org/04dqdxm60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149521062"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jack Minker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, Computer Science Center University of Maryland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, Computer Science Center University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149521062"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017131034","display_name":"Eero Peltola","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eero Peltola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Asst. Professor, Computer Science Department University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland and Visiting Member, Computer Center University of Maryland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Asst. Professor, Computer Science Department University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland and Visiting Member, Computer Center University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017322333","display_name":"Gerald A. Wilson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerald A. Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Asst., Computer Center University of Maryland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Asst., Computer Center University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078013111"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149521062"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1481,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79454254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"4","first_page":"246","last_page":"260"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9746999740600586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9746999740600586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9244999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.8049517869949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7360318303108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.6762688159942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.6520782709121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-improvement","display_name":"Performance improvement","score":0.6108763217926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.5363648533821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-index","display_name":"Inverted index","score":0.5007960796356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4961865544319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.47055888175964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.4306299090385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.22041404247283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19448968768119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15592217445373535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.8049517869949341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7360318303108215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.6762688159942627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.6520782709121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778915421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3643177","display_name":"Performance improvement","level":2,"score":0.6108763217926025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.5363648533821106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130590232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671754","display_name":"Inverted index","level":3,"score":0.5007960796356201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4961865544319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.47055888175964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4306299090385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.22041404247283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19448968768119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15592217445373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/asi.4630240404","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630240404","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1602667807","https://openalex.org/W1973399557","https://openalex.org/W1979412257","https://openalex.org/W2004913349","https://openalex.org/W2009027951","https://openalex.org/W2009157294","https://openalex.org/W2073476719","https://openalex.org/W2916445399","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180954594","https://openalex.org/W2052835778","https://openalex.org/W2049003611","https://openalex.org/W2127804977","https://openalex.org/W2108418243","https://openalex.org/W164103134","https://openalex.org/W2787352659","https://openalex.org/W4243282702","https://openalex.org/W2051947880","https://openalex.org/W1970663376"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,64,78,109,160,216],"objectives":[2],"of":[3,11,48,76,80,93,203,219],"this":[4,129],"paper":[5],"are":[6,28,58,99,105,112,118,156,186,259],"to":[7,22,60,145,158,165,188,199,222],"describe":[8],"the":[9,36,74,85,88,91,131,134,146,149,166,169,201,257,263,267],"effect":[10,79],"using":[12],"weighted":[13,106,115,206],"index":[14,82,103,116,207,220],"terms":[15,31,83,104,117,155,208,221],"in":[16,33,55,84,101,120,123,126,141,163,168,175,232,241,247],"a":[17,138,173,236],"document":[18,86,252,264],"retrieval":[19,24,142,211,233,248],"system,":[20],"and":[21,52,69,90,107,125,193,266],"evaluate":[23],"performance":[25,143,147,212,249],"when":[26,114,153],"queries":[27,89,223],"expanded":[29],"by":[30,44,191],"occurring":[32],"clusters":[34,94],"with":[35,148,272],"query":[37],"terms.":[38,215],"Three":[39],"data":[40,151],"collections,":[41],"each":[42],"indexed":[43],"several":[45],"methods,":[46],"two":[47],"which":[49,102],"were":[50],"studied":[51],"reported":[53],"on":[54,133],"previous":[56,71,170],"work,":[57],"used":[59,119],"develop":[61],"explicit":[62],"results.":[63,226],"study":[65,197],"both":[66],"expands":[67],"upon":[68,262],"extends":[70],"work":[72,190],"at":[73,178],"University":[75],"Maryland.":[77],"weighting":[81],"collection,":[87,265],"formation":[92],"is":[95,162],"analyzed.":[96],"Eight":[97],"cases":[98],"investigated":[100],"unweighted.":[108],"best":[110,179],"results":[111,132,167,258],"obtained":[113,244],"forming":[121],"clusters,":[122],"queries,":[124],"documents.":[127],"In":[128],"case,":[130],"new":[135],"collection":[136],"demonstrate":[137],"significant":[139],"improvement":[140,161,231,246],"relative":[144],"unmodified":[150],"base,":[152],"clustered":[154],"added":[157],"queries.":[159],"contrast":[164],"study,":[171],"where":[172],"degradation":[174,237],"performance,":[176,234],"or":[177,238],"an":[180,230,245],"insignificant":[181],"improvement,":[182],"was":[183],"obtained.":[184],"Comparisons":[185],"made":[187],"related":[189],"Sparck\u2010Jones":[192,204,243],"her":[194,251],"colleagues.":[195],"This":[196],"tends":[198],"support":[200],"conclusion":[202],"that":[205,256],"provide":[209],"better":[210],"than":[213],"unweighted":[214],"cluster":[217],"addition":[218],"yields":[224],"unpredictable":[225],"Some":[227],"collections":[228],"show":[229],"others":[235],"no":[239],"change":[240],"performance.":[242],"for":[250],"collection.":[253],"We":[254],"conclude":[255],"highly":[260],"dependent":[261],"technique":[268],"should":[269],"be":[270],"employed":[271],"caution.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
