{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3124106290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400044","title":"Deformable Capsules for Object Detection","display_name":"Deformable Capsules for Object Detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3124106290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400044","mag":"3124106290","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39669747"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202400044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400044","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202400044","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202400044","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008411884","display_name":"Rodney LaLonde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-1527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143480","display_name":"EPIR Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/054srn740","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143480"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rodney LaLonde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Learning Palantir Technologies  Washington DC 20007 USA","Machine Learning Palantir Technologies Washington DC 20007 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Learning Palantir Technologies  Washington DC 20007 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143480"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Learning Palantir Technologies Washington DC 20007 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087872816","display_name":"Naji Khosravan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149135","display_name":"Zillow Group (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03n86v874","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149135"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naji Khosravan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Machine Learning Applied Science Zillow  Seattle WA 98133 USA","Machine Learning Applied Science Zillow Seattle WA 98133 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Learning Applied Science Zillow  Seattle WA 98133 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149135"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Machine Learning Applied Science Zillow Seattle WA 98133 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149135"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030188696","display_name":"Ula\u015f Ba\u011fc\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-6829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ulas Bagci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology Northwestern University  Chicago IL 60611 USA","Department of Radiology Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-6829","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology Northwestern University  Chicago IL 60611 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology Northwestern University Chicago IL 60611 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030188696"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"fwci":1.1271,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75310319,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"9","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9718999862670898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6068530082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5458023548126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5292983055114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.46034741401672363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6068530082702637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5458023548126221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5292983055114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.46034741401672363}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202400044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400044","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202400044","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39669747","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39669747","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11632968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11632968/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11632968/pdf/nihms-2015393.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Adv Intell Syst","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:11208159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11632968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3cfa1ddedf1e4850a22999b35163e37f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3cfa1ddedf1e4850a22999b35163e37f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems, Vol 6, Iss 9, Pp n/a-n/a (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202400044","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400044","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202400044","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1144150618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01DK127384","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231735677","display_name":"Data Coordinating Center for the Type 1 Diabetes in Acute Pancreatitis Consortium","funder_award_id":"1u01dk127384-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1611661164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 CA240639","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1701031800","display_name":"Cyst-X: Interpretable Deep Learning Based Risk Stratification of Pancreatic Cystic Tumors","funder_award_id":"5r01ca246704-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4139189009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01-CA246704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4162094395","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01-CA268808","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5049232315","display_name":"Hybrid Intelligence for Trustable Diagnosis And Patient Management of Prostate Cancer (HIT-PIRADS)","funder_award_id":"5u01ca268808-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8632762091","display_name":"Radiologist-Centered Artificial Intelligence (RCAI) for Lung Cancer Screening and Diagnosis","funder_award_id":"5r01ca240639-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3124106290.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3124106290.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2966661","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2043462999","https://openalex.org/W2102605133","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2612690371","https://openalex.org/W2788347302","https://openalex.org/W2885577113","https://openalex.org/W2933860927","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2964228567","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W4212774754","https://openalex.org/W4248996458","https://openalex.org/W4377145633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Capsule":[0],"networks":[1,8,157],"promise":[2],"significant":[3],"benefits":[4],"over":[5],"convolutional":[6,45],"neural":[7],"(CNN)":[9],"by":[10],"storing":[11],"stronger":[12],"internal":[13],"representations":[14],"and":[15,123,146,185],"routing":[16,127],"information":[17],"based":[18],"on":[19,189,197],"the":[20,53,59,68,137,167,175],"agreement":[21],"between":[22],"intermediate":[23],"representations\u2019":[24],"projections.":[25],"Despite":[26],"this,":[27],"their":[28,39],"success":[29],"has":[30,151],"been":[31,153],"limited":[32],"to":[33,38,57,77,100,165,210],"small\u2010scale":[34],"classification":[35],"datasets":[36],"due":[37],"computationally":[40],"expensive":[41],"nature.":[42],"Though":[43],"memory\u2010efficient,":[44],"capsules":[46,56,74,94],"impose":[47],"geometric":[48],"constraints":[49],"that":[50],"fundamentally":[51],"limit":[52],"ability":[54],"of":[55,61,72,90,144,213],"model":[58],"pose/deformation":[60],"objects.":[62,214],"Further,":[63],"they":[64],"do":[65],"not":[66],"address":[67,101],"bigger":[69,78],"memory":[70],"concern":[71],"class":[73],"scaling":[75],"up":[76,164],"tasks":[79],"such":[80],"as":[81],"detection":[82,103,173,183],"or":[83],"large\u2010scale":[84],"classification.":[85],"Herein,":[86],"a":[87,116,124,141,181],"new":[88,109],"family":[89],"capsule":[91,118,156,169],"networks,":[92],"deformable":[93],"(":[95,120,129],"DeformCaps":[96,114],"),":[97,122,131],"is":[98,180],"introduced":[99],"object":[102,172],"problem":[104],"in":[105,174,193],"computer":[106],"vision.":[107],"Two":[108],"algorithms":[110],"associated":[111],"with":[112,136,155,199],"our":[113],",":[115],"novel":[117,125],"structure":[119],"SplitCaps":[121],"dynamic":[126],"algorithm":[128],"SE\u2010Routing":[130],"which":[132,195],"balance":[133],"computational":[134],"efficiency":[135],"need":[138],"for":[139,171],"modeling":[140],"large":[142],"number":[143],"objects":[145,192],"classes,":[147],"are":[148,196],"proposed.":[149],"This":[150],"never":[152],"achieved":[154],"before.":[158],"The":[159,177],"proposed":[160,178],"methods":[161],"efficiently":[162],"scale":[163],"create":[166],"first\u2010ever":[168],"network":[170],"literature.":[176],"architecture":[179],"one\u2010stage":[182,201],"framework":[184],"it":[186],"obtains":[187],"results":[188],"microsoft":[190],"common":[191],"context":[194],"par":[198],"state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art":[200],"CNN\u2010based":[202],"methods,":[203],"while":[204],"producing":[205],"fewer":[206],"false\u2010positive":[207],"detection,":[208],"generalizing":[209],"unusual":[211],"poses/viewpoints":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-06T08:24:18.245995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
