{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308314693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200208","title":"Magnetic Micro/Nanorobots: A New Age in Biomedicines","display_name":"Magnetic Micro/Nanorobots: A New Age in Biomedicines","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308314693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202200208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200208","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407344","display_name":"Dong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5060-6682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002334529","display_name":"Ruirui Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9656-2082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruirui Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372399","display_name":"Bin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9391-3428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012144642","display_name":"Jiawang Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawang Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070472934","display_name":"Yuan Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-6230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4500-6230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of Education Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070472934"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"fwci":5.8634,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97190463,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"12","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanorobotics","display_name":"Nanorobotics","score":0.9804079532623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5407673120498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.47533607482910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.45013514161109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.42048224806785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3524024486541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.202052503824234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19919085502624512}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187911381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587024","display_name":"Nanorobotics","level":2,"score":0.9804079532623291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5407673120498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.47533607482910156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.45013514161109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.42048224806785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3524024486541748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.202052503824234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19919085502624512}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202200208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:7f077da4e434453ea213dc56a2b76558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/7f077da4e434453ea213dc56a2b76558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems, Vol 4, Iss 12, Pp n/a-n/a (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202200208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202200208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":131,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W406058028","https://openalex.org/W1909834290","https://openalex.org/W1916267385","https://openalex.org/W1963516908","https://openalex.org/W1966690336","https://openalex.org/W1967784525","https://openalex.org/W1976970707","https://openalex.org/W1977303896","https://openalex.org/W1980304178","https://openalex.org/W1981652557","https://openalex.org/W1984548348","https://openalex.org/W1987980715","https://openalex.org/W1990416424","https://openalex.org/W1990629543","https://openalex.org/W2002025851","https://openalex.org/W2011243019","https://openalex.org/W2015179629","https://openalex.org/W2016478353","https://openalex.org/W2018108785","https://openalex.org/W2022592226","https://openalex.org/W2023525997","https://openalex.org/W2023903257","https://openalex.org/W2025562104","https://openalex.org/W2032464858","https://openalex.org/W2037424018","https://openalex.org/W2041830411","https://openalex.org/W2046938619","https://openalex.org/W2047776897","https://openalex.org/W2056788057","https://openalex.org/W2059839522","https://openalex.org/W2069079436","https://openalex.org/W2070300719","https://openalex.org/W2082425581","https://openalex.org/W2089783281","https://openalex.org/W2090572943","https://openalex.org/W2095805867","https://openalex.org/W2117208350","https://openalex.org/W2130339488","https://openalex.org/W2134285373","https://openalex.org/W2137003787","https://openalex.org/W2140733090","https://openalex.org/W2147455601","https://openalex.org/W2151012298","https://openalex.org/W2154866766","https://openalex.org/W2155425718","https://openalex.org/W2156488015","https://openalex.org/W2161508873","https://openalex.org/W2168046319","https://openalex.org/W2170609447","https://openalex.org/W2234717249","https://openalex.org/W2260541917","https://openalex.org/W2298382323","https://openalex.org/W2298522307","https://openalex.org/W2315378299","https://openalex.org/W2316039334","https://openalex.org/W2318732437","https://openalex.org/W2319080475","https://openalex.org/W2322186399","https://openalex.org/W2322202031","https://openalex.org/W2335691508","https://openalex.org/W2344949123","https://openalex.org/W2507983371","https://openalex.org/W2561211561","https://openalex.org/W2583203472","https://openalex.org/W2583942594","https://openalex.org/W2586637063","https://openalex.org/W2594075545","https://openalex.org/W2613152515","https://openalex.org/W2615064789","https://openalex.org/W2756028190","https://openalex.org/W2758826455","https://openalex.org/W2770449782","https://openalex.org/W2784154564","https://openalex.org/W2784839234","https://openalex.org/W2785733510","https://openalex.org/W2789481837","https://openalex.org/W2790756470","https://openalex.org/W2791721541","https://openalex.org/W2791749730","https://openalex.org/W2792825326","https://openalex.org/W2799721435","https://openalex.org/W2801267828","https://openalex.org/W2801663900","https://openalex.org/W2802688202","https://openalex.org/W2810160700","https://openalex.org/W2811228695","https://openalex.org/W2841099735","https://openalex.org/W2884519054","https://openalex.org/W2895999385","https://openalex.org/W2897012346","https://openalex.org/W2898460285","https://openalex.org/W2898681393","https://openalex.org/W2907460937","https://openalex.org/W2908459122","https://openalex.org/W2908733219","https://openalex.org/W2915214302","https://openalex.org/W2923870875","https://openalex.org/W2944559893","https://openalex.org/W2949537065","https://openalex.org/W2958330632","https://openalex.org/W2960639179","https://openalex.org/W2961962919","https://openalex.org/W2966258649","https://openalex.org/W2966845745","https://openalex.org/W2975047840","https://openalex.org/W2982155891","https://openalex.org/W3005993207","https://openalex.org/W3009298616","https://openalex.org/W3018195139","https://openalex.org/W3024762758","https://openalex.org/W3030989713","https://openalex.org/W3031815242","https://openalex.org/W3033964217","https://openalex.org/W3041571536","https://openalex.org/W3045260141","https://openalex.org/W3049380577","https://openalex.org/W3091930040","https://openalex.org/W3102898682","https://openalex.org/W3105982350","https://openalex.org/W3109031471","https://openalex.org/W3132687353","https://openalex.org/W3139297731","https://openalex.org/W3189645365","https://openalex.org/W3201752201","https://openalex.org/W3206861450","https://openalex.org/W4200124512","https://openalex.org/W4205120690","https://openalex.org/W4206275947","https://openalex.org/W4229375385","https://openalex.org/W4240387454","https://openalex.org/W4256258575"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4297682653","https://openalex.org/W3197998915","https://openalex.org/W4362722353","https://openalex.org/W4242251885","https://openalex.org/W2130472321","https://openalex.org/W2382672788","https://openalex.org/W2387766148","https://openalex.org/W2365996311","https://openalex.org/W2387500363","https://openalex.org/W2544276806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Micro\u2010/nanorobots":[0],"have":[1],"tremendous":[2],"potential":[3],"in":[4,74,134,137,152,153],"biomedical":[5,71],"applications,":[6,72],"as":[7,98,119,131],"they":[8],"efficiently":[9],"and":[10,15,27,35,41,46,62,93,103,108,127,130,136,144,156],"accurately":[11],"perform":[12],"local":[13],"diagnosis":[14],"targeted":[16],"therapy.":[17],"A":[18],"magnetic":[19,89],"field":[20],"provides":[21],"a":[22,67],"wireless":[23],"mean":[24],"to":[25,101],"drive":[26],"control":[28],"micro/nanorobots.":[29],"This":[30],"method":[31],"requires":[32],"no":[33],"fuel":[34],"is":[36,44,91,111],"convenient":[37],"for":[38,122,133],"debugging,":[39],"reconfiguration,":[40],"programmability;":[42],"it":[43],"recyclable":[45],"allows":[47],"nondestructive":[48],"penetration":[49],"of":[50,56,81,88,96,114],"biological":[51,106],"tissue.":[52],"The":[53],"successful":[54],"integration":[55],"well\u2010designed":[57],"robots,":[58],"remote":[59],"actuation":[60],"systems,":[61],"imaging":[63,139],"techniques":[64],"has":[65],"become":[66],"crucial":[68],"step":[69],"toward":[70],"particularly":[73],"vivo":[75,135,154],"implementations.":[76],"Herein,":[77],"the":[78,85,94,147],"fabrication":[79],"methods":[80],"micro/nanorobots":[82,90,97,116,151],"are":[83,117,160],"examined,":[84],"driving":[86],"mechanism":[87],"explained,":[92],"development":[95],"transport":[99],"tools":[100,121,132],"load":[102],"deliver":[104],"drugs,":[105],"reagents,":[107],"live":[109],"cells":[110],"traced.":[112],"Applications":[113],"these":[115],"expanding":[118],"surgical":[120],"sample":[123],"collection,":[124],"ophthalmic":[125],"surgery,":[126],"biofilm":[128],"degradation":[129],"vitro":[138],"relying":[140],"on":[141],"light,":[142],"sound,":[143],"magnetism.":[145],"Finally,":[146],"challenges":[148],"faced":[149],"by":[150],"applications":[155],"their":[157],"future":[158],"prospects":[159],"discussed.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
