{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3185245581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100054","title":"A Marr's Three\u2010Level Analytical Framework for Neuromorphic Electronic Systems","display_name":"A Marr's Three\u2010Level Analytical Framework for Neuromorphic Electronic Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3185245581","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100054","mag":"3185245581"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202100054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100054","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202100054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202100054","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020757832","display_name":"Yunpeng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-1499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunpeng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering Swansea University  SA1 8EN Swansea UK","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering Swansea University  SA1 8EN Swansea UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102991629","display_name":"Xiaolong Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9397-6480"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolong Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University  Beijing 100871 China","School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University  Beijing 100871 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022522382","display_name":"Yifan Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8017-6172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifan Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101856356","display_name":"Yifei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-8552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115592050","display_name":"Xinxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2085-425X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065133661","display_name":"Yuhan He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3526-3981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086916435","display_name":"Ruikai Kong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruikai Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024796184","display_name":"Yuzheng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2656-0340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuzheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering Swansea University  SA1 8EN Swansea UK","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","College of Engineering, Swansea University, SA1 8EN Swansea, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering Swansea University  SA1 8EN Swansea UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, Swansea University, SA1 8EN Swansea, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018970859","display_name":"Guoqi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-431X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003948884","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-3045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802444338","display_name":"King Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03nxex423","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802444338"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160507","display_name":"Center for Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05kje8j93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210160507","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160507","https://openalex.org/I2802444338"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089","https://openalex.org/I4210160507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106482748","display_name":"Si Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9650-6935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115644","display_name":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research","ror":"https://ror.org/029819q61","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160507","display_name":"Center for Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05kje8j93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210160507","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Si Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University  Beijing 100871 China","School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University  Beijing 100871 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644","https://openalex.org/I4210160507"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, PKU-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644","https://openalex.org/I20231570","https://openalex.org/I4210160507"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040281579","display_name":"Huanglong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1777-7807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115644","display_name":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research","ror":"https://ror.org/029819q61","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164150","display_name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0551a0y31","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huanglong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Institute for Brain Research  Beijing 102206 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206 China","Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1777-7807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research  Beijing 102206 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research Tsinghua University  Beijing 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164150"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Precision Instrument, Center for Brain Inspired Computing Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040281579"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115644","https://openalex.org/I4210164150","https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"apc_paid":{"value":2750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2750},"fwci":0.5084,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64181913,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"11","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12611","display_name":"Neural Networks and Reservoir Computing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.9900623559951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.6873949766159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6583688259124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-neuroscience","display_name":"Computational neuroscience","score":0.5500702261924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.4993922710418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.47346487641334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4261566996574402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3363659679889679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.25093841552734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17994925379753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.12334054708480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.11205530166625977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.9900623559951782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.6873949766159058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6583688259124756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15286952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8037925","display_name":"Computational neuroscience","level":2,"score":0.5500702261924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.4993922710418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.47346487641334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4261566996574402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3363659679889679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.25093841552734375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17994925379753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12334054708480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.11205530166625977}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202100054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100054","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202100054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cronfa.swan.ac.uk:cronfa58919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401612","display_name":"Cronfa (Swansea University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","host_organization_name":"Swansea University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:04dfcb552896499eaa017ef3b35cc731","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/04dfcb552896499eaa017ef3b35cc731","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems, Vol 3, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aisy.202100054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100054","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aisy.202100054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212817","display_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"2640-4567","issn":["2640-4567"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1907146088","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61704096","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5857207871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61974082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6690174079","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019QNRC001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311778","funder_display_name":"China Association for Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7861851748","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61836004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311778","display_name":"China Association for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/035vmht26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328844","display_name":"China Electronics Technology Group Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/0098hst83"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3185245581.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3185245581.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":863,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W181919053","https://openalex.org/W192627199","https://openalex.org/W274985342","https://openalex.org/W654771987","https://openalex.org/W810581890","https://openalex.org/W811376922","https://openalex.org/W1486613550","https://openalex.org/W1486852018","https://openalex.org/W1487689584","https://openalex.org/W1489333352","https://openalex.org/W1490416881","https://openalex.org/W1494192115","https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1501143146","https://openalex.org/W1503043051","https://openalex.org/W1503602982","https://openalex.org/W1504248943","https://openalex.org/W1510964369","https://openalex.org/W1513000923","https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W1521233350","https://openalex.org/W1528140509","https://openalex.org/W1539686131","https://openalex.org/W1542118511","https://openalex.org/W1542981317","https://openalex.org/W1565505617","https://openalex.org/W1567512734","https://openalex.org/W1570411240","https://openalex.org/W1578671836","https://openalex.org/W1596839545","https://openalex.org/W1597286183","https://openalex.org/W1597739853","https://openalex.org/W1604973310","https://openalex.org/W1702559537","https://openalex.org/W1747565446","https://openalex.org/W1774635171","https://openalex.org/W1781233475","https://openalex.org/W1807988891","https://openalex.org/W1818823255","https://openalex.org/W1823937713","https://openalex.org/W1874252505","https://openalex.org/W1877307753","https://openalex.org/W1878893887","https://openalex.org/W1921182138","https://openalex.org/W1926340497","https://openalex.org/W1937359183","https://openalex.org/W1944085573","https://openalex.org/W1957976164","https://openalex.org/W1963689209","https://openalex.org/W1964168965","https://openalex.org/W1965086596","https://openalex.org/W1965355748","https://openalex.org/W1966010951","https://openalex.org/W1967065559","https://openalex.org/W1968165099","https://openalex.org/W1969067576","https://openalex.org/W1969100427","https://openalex.org/W1971963245","https://openalex.org/W1972529694","https://openalex.org/W1973430015","https://openalex.org/W1974525874","https://openalex.org/W1975398991","https://openalex.org/W1975938439","https://openalex.org/W1978170859","https://openalex.org/W1980501707","https://openalex.org/W1982066086","https://openalex.org/W1983560663","https://openalex.org/W1983631324","https://openalex.org/W1984431842","https://openalex.org/W1984876715","https://openalex.org/W1986327281","https://openalex.org/W1986477811","https://openalex.org/W1986522608","https://openalex.org/W1986739317","https://openalex.org/W1988545511","https://openalex.org/W1989463236","https://openalex.org/W1990221069","https://openalex.org/W1992007613","https://openalex.org/W1993214330","https://openalex.org/W1993868308","https://openalex.org/W1993960761","https://openalex.org/W1994465516","https://openalex.org/W1995363833","https://openalex.org/W1996388323","https://openalex.org/W1996584786","https://openalex.org/W1996938738","https://openalex.org/W1998050452","https://openalex.org/W1998177673","https://openalex.org/W1999871211","https://openalex.org/W2001467963","https://openalex.org/W2001954021","https://openalex.org/W2002700944","https://openalex.org/W2002783050","https://openalex.org/W2003400208","https://openalex.org/W2004823737","https://openalex.org/W2006286609","https://openalex.org/W2006447163","https://openalex.org/W2006941038","https://openalex.org/W2007978852","https://openalex.org/W2008008156","https://openalex.org/W2009996329","https://openalex.org/W2012063927","https://openalex.org/W2014385124","https://openalex.org/W2015088745","https://openalex.org/W2015206113","https://openalex.org/W2016574277","https://openalex.org/W2016708835","https://openalex.org/W2016922062","https://openalex.org/W2017329987","https://openalex.org/W2017557201","https://openalex.org/W2018774711","https://openalex.org/W2019144501","https://openalex.org/W2020676607","https://openalex.org/W2023855166","https://openalex.org/W2024758252","https://openalex.org/W2025603247","https://openalex.org/W2026738815","https://openalex.org/W2027389048","https://openalex.org/W2028166238","https://openalex.org/W2030280574","https://openalex.org/W2030513087","https://openalex.org/W2030671441","https://openalex.org/W2032832574","https://openalex.org/W2032959979","https://openalex.org/W2035346816","https://openalex.org/W2036317923","https://openalex.org/W2038276856","https://openalex.org/W2039362187","https://openalex.org/W2040003929","https://openalex.org/W2040045500","https://openalex.org/W2040870580","https://openalex.org/W2042862454","https://openalex.org/W2043341529","https://openalex.org/W2045258859","https://openalex.org/W2045432657","https://openalex.org/W2045614943","https://openalex.org/W2046016430","https://openalex.org/W2046272213","https://openalex.org/W2047535883","https://openalex.org/W2048050362","https://openalex.org/W2048936516","https://openalex.org/W2049989540","https://openalex.org/W2050689535","https://openalex.org/W2051005796","https://openalex.org/W2051137788","https://openalex.org/W2054768221","https://openalex.org/W2055314879","https://openalex.org/W2055781831","https://openalex.org/W2056311350","https://openalex.org/W2057707608","https://openalex.org/W2059148040","https://openalex.org/W2059512699","https://openalex.org/W2061503662","https://openalex.org/W2061515192","https://openalex.org/W2062210787","https://openalex.org/W2063640158","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2066091405","https://openalex.org/W2066716220","https://openalex.org/W2068470708","https://openalex.org/W2069845225","https://openalex.org/W2071892578","https://openalex.org/W2071947829","https://openalex.org/W2075380850","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2076837924","https://openalex.org/W2076845962","https://openalex.org/W2077154465","https://openalex.org/W2077586448","https://openalex.org/W2077827762","https://openalex.org/W2078260102","https://openalex.org/W2084652775","https://openalex.org/W2084790688","https://openalex.org/W2084829671","https://openalex.org/W2085016237","https://openalex.org/W2086789740","https://openalex.org/W2086880071","https://openalex.org/W2087058693","https://openalex.org/W2087729698","https://openalex.org/W2087748124","https://openalex.org/W2088192327","https://openalex.org/W2088462794","https://openalex.org/W2089809945","https://openalex.org/W2092020760","https://openalex.org/W2092632480","https://openalex.org/W2092919341","https://openalex.org/W2093162776","https://openalex.org/W2094919375","https://openalex.org/W2095425517","https://openalex.org/W2095725009","https://openalex.org/W2096421416","https://openalex.org/W2096447758","https://openalex.org/W2097381042","https://openalex.org/W2097533491","https://openalex.org/W2097868335","https://openalex.org/W2098392250","https://openalex.org/W2098623091","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2100959321","https://openalex.org/W2101656718","https://openalex.org/W2102614139","https://openalex.org/W2102770572","https://openalex.org/W2103179919","https://openalex.org/W2103230821","https://openalex.org/W2105533736","https://openalex.org/W2106620460","https://openalex.org/W2107201351","https://openalex.org/W2107433900","https://openalex.org/W2107731759","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2109421877","https://openalex.org/W2111926818","https://openalex.org/W2112181056","https://openalex.org/W2112246162","https://openalex.org/W2112327737","https://openalex.org/W2112509657","https://openalex.org/W2112902525","https://openalex.org/W2114665523","https://openalex.org/W2114721754","https://openalex.org/W2115582366","https://openalex.org/W2115786064","https://openalex.org/W2115831804","https://openalex.org/W2115900486","https://openalex.org/W2117422822","https://openalex.org/W2118071679","https://openalex.org/W2118384664","https://openalex.org/W2120431135","https://openalex.org/W2120907531","https://openalex.org/W2121917196","https://openalex.org/W2122682406","https://openalex.org/W2123807892","https://openalex.org/W2124191661","https://openalex.org/W2124537004","https://openalex.org/W2124953625","https://openalex.org/W2124955097","https://openalex.org/W2126944419","https://openalex.org/W2127243386","https://openalex.org/W2127446495","https://openalex.org/W2127692022","https://openalex.org/W2127849117","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2128109014","https://openalex.org/W2129610161","https://openalex.org/W2130044487","https://openalex.org/W2130360162","https://openalex.org/W2130526545","https://openalex.org/W2130844101","https://openalex.org/W2131217557","https://openalex.org/W2131979563","https://openalex.org/W2132003317","https://openalex.org/W2133861842","https://openalex.org/W2133877521","https://openalex.org/W2134917048","https://openalex.org/W2136732951","https://openalex.org/W2136756988","https://openalex.org/W2138913040","https://openalex.org/W2139295975","https://openalex.org/W2139701068","https://openalex.org/W2139936417","https://openalex.org/W2141118573","https://openalex.org/W2141467654","https://openalex.org/W2143483829","https://openalex.org/W2144085790","https://openalex.org/W2144789942","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2145680191","https://openalex.org/W2145998852","https://openalex.org/W2147062276","https://openalex.org/W2148389554","https://openalex.org/W2149194912","https://openalex.org/W2150355110","https://openalex.org/W2152502378","https://openalex.org/W2153041354","https://openalex.org/W2154333179","https://openalex.org/W2154351486","https://openalex.org/W2155339236","https://openalex.org/W2155724011","https://openalex.org/W2155954834","https://openalex.org/W2156384012","https://openalex.org/W2158256695","https://openalex.org/W2159951683","https://openalex.org/W2160361560","https://openalex.org/W2161338726","https://openalex.org/W2161720385","https://openalex.org/W2161780063","https://openalex.org/W2162827630","https://openalex.org/W2162921217","https://openalex.org/W2163179684","https://openalex.org/W2163630896","https://openalex.org/W2163922914","https://openalex.org/W2163982115","https://openalex.org/W2164328300","https://openalex.org/W2164497871","https://openalex.org/W2164853001","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2165971697","https://openalex.org/W2167148127","https://openalex.org/W2167257814","https://openalex.org/W2169006540","https://openalex.org/W2169519447","https://openalex.org/W2169721908","https://openalex.org/W2170518310","https://openalex.org/W2171865010","https://openalex.org/W2172083436","https://openalex.org/W2172307690","https://openalex.org/W2175546284","https://openalex.org/W2177690825","https://openalex.org/W2181792687","https://openalex.org/W2194321275","https://openalex.org/W2202323557","https://openalex.org/W2203342460","https://openalex.org/W2222505152","https://openalex.org/W2235148767","https://openalex.org/W2254450385","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2260407442","https://openalex.org/W2265356345","https://openalex.org/W2266900307","https://openalex.org/W2270550182","https://openalex.org/W2274405424","https://openalex.org/W2275929617","https://openalex.org/W2276533724","https://openalex.org/W2281943757","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2316561671","https://openalex.org/W2317230785","https://openalex.org/W2319920447","https://openalex.org/W2322088411","https://openalex.org/W2322919894","https://openalex.org/W2332482960","https://openalex.org/W2333091651","https://openalex.org/W2342804454","https://openalex.org/W2343612026","https://openalex.org/W2346225362","https://openalex.org/W2389556795","https://openalex.org/W2395579298","https://openalex.org/W2398563917","https://openalex.org/W2411786938","https://openalex.org/W2416071871","https://openalex.org/W2433248078","https://openalex.org/W2504678134","https://openalex.org/W2512481274","https://openalex.org/W2518056049","https://openalex.org/W2519347890","https://openalex.org/W2524428287","https://openalex.org/W2526202524","https://openalex.org/W2526646482","https://openalex.org/W2527693370","https://openalex.org/W2529605558","https://openalex.org/W2530887700","https://openalex.org/W2540279855","https://openalex.org/W2549298134","https://openalex.org/W2552568312","https://openalex.org/W2560615381","https://openalex.org/W2561073188","https://openalex.org/W2562820671","https://openalex.org/W2563276102","https://openalex.org/W2563540017","https://openalex.org/W2564219748","https://openalex.org/W2565565355","https://openalex.org/W2566775857","https://openalex.org/W2569813014","https://openalex.org/W2570294345","https://openalex.org/W2571165829","https://openalex.org/W2572638072","https://openalex.org/W2575728976","https://openalex.org/W2578308616","https://openalex.org/W2582645878","https://openalex.org/W2582857393","https://openalex.org/W2584998015","https://openalex.org/W2586058884","https://openalex.org/W2586887763","https://openalex.org/W2586907386","https://openalex.org/W2593482707","https://openalex.org/W2595507424","https://openalex.org/W2602668040","https://openalex.org/W2604988916","https://openalex.org/W2606967921","https://openalex.org/W2611608598","https://openalex.org/W2613574453","https://openalex.org/W2614342775","https://openalex.org/W2617093514","https://openalex.org/W2621826044","https://openalex.org/W2627001981","https://openalex.org/W2635159431","https://openalex.org/W2698166745","https://openalex.org/W2731422849","https://openalex.org/W2731704143","https://openalex.org/W2735400907","https://openalex.org/W2737264876","https://openalex.org/W2737989178","https://openalex.org/W2738724892","https://openalex.org/W2740400597","https://openalex.org/W2743292913","https://openalex.org/W2743455512","https://openalex.org/W2745868649","https://openalex.org/W2750933427","https://openalex.org/W2752849906","https://openalex.org/W2758409474","https://openalex.org/W2766049766","https://openalex.org/W2766192693","https://openalex.org/W2766447205","https://openalex.org/W2767800299","https://openalex.org/W2767899364","https://openalex.org/W2771420577","https://openalex.org/W2772565483","https://openalex.org/W2774028874","https://openalex.org/W2774743895","https://openalex.org/W2775079417","https://openalex.org/W2775771159","https://openalex.org/W2776796932","https://openalex.org/W2777189444","https://openalex.org/W2778935320","https://openalex.org/W2779025322","https://openalex.org/W2781720048","https://openalex.org/W2781720065","https://openalex.org/W2782791387","https://openalex.org/W2783525259","https://openalex.org/W2783527453","https://openalex.org/W2783728325","https://openalex.org/W2785141883","https://openalex.org/W2788388592","https://openalex.org/W2789694383","https://openalex.org/W2792208628","https://openalex.org/W2792334128","https://openalex.org/W2792945270","https://openalex.org/W2793085005","https://openalex.org/W2793181810","https://openalex.org/W2796187558","https://openalex.org/W2796301411","https://openalex.org/W2796625795","https://openalex.org/W2797937734","https://openalex.org/W2798878556","https://openalex.org/W2799210008","https://openalex.org/W2800264288","https://openalex.org/W2802755967","https://openalex.org/W2803163155","https://openalex.org/W2805362231","https://openalex.org/W2806177657","https://openalex.org/W2806904536","https://openalex.org/W2807551379","https://openalex.org/W2808550672","https://openalex.org/W2808561275","https://openalex.org/W2809925683","https://openalex.org/W2811181797","https://openalex.org/W2833620410","https://openalex.org/W2869264951","https://openalex.org/W2883711383","https://openalex.org/W2885328924","https://openalex.org/W2886140025","https://openalex.org/W2886146119","https://openalex.org/W2887258823","https://openalex.org/W2887972576","https://openalex.org/W2888961626","https://openalex.org/W2889674928","https://openalex.org/W2889886075","https://openalex.org/W2890298526","https://openalex.org/W2890653437","https://openalex.org/W2891503716","https://openalex.org/W2893533547","https://openalex.org/W2894765308","https://openalex.org/W2895372827","https://openalex.org/W2895699061","https://openalex.org/W2896122000","https://openalex.org/W2896520174","https://openalex.org/W2897957858","https://openalex.org/W2898188675","https://openalex.org/W2898323475","https://openalex.org/W2898344924","https://openalex.org/W2898721355","https://openalex.org/W2901017430","https://openalex.org/W2901050347","https://openalex.org/W2901791576","https://openalex.org/W2901847282","https://openalex.org/W2902016591","https://openalex.org/W2902236677","https://openalex.org/W2902484723","https://openalex.org/W2902499998","https://openalex.org/W2903343625","https://openalex.org/W2904637088","https://openalex.org/W2904922094","https://openalex.org/W2905438605","https://openalex.org/W2906697496","https://openalex.org/W2908124316","https://openalex.org/W2908202419","https://openalex.org/W2908202869","https://openalex.org/W2908269217","https://openalex.org/W2908747511","https://openalex.org/W2908918158","https://openalex.org/W2910155735","https://openalex.org/W2910387983","https://openalex.org/W2910692440","https://openalex.org/W2911001665","https://openalex.org/W2912776993","https://openalex.org/W2913907987","https://openalex.org/W2914043777","https://openalex.org/W2914243607","https://openalex.org/W2914444487","https://openalex.org/W2915130814","https://openalex.org/W2915398296","https://openalex.org/W2915404303","https://openalex.org/W2916924271","https://openalex.org/W2917840800","https://openalex.org/W2918427280","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2919358988","https://openalex.org/W2919912236","https://openalex.org/W2920339115","https://openalex.org/W2920955050","https://openalex.org/W2921653370","https://openalex.org/W2922168646","https://openalex.org/W2923010225","https://openalex.org/W2924312527","https://openalex.org/W2926419149","https://openalex.org/W2928537624","https://openalex.org/W2931235074","https://openalex.org/W2934517403","https://openalex.org/W2934823379","https://openalex.org/W2935295559","https://openalex.org/W2937490514","https://openalex.org/W2938596256","https://openalex.org/W2938659414","https://openalex.org/W2938660195","https://openalex.org/W2942340749","https://openalex.org/W2944119451","https://openalex.org/W2944463729","https://openalex.org/W2945427955","https://openalex.org/W2945941455","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2946341582","https://openalex.org/W2946390563","https://openalex.org/W2946768795","https://openalex.org/W2947223894","https://openalex.org/W2947410391","https://openalex.org/W2948155506","https://openalex.org/W2949224578","https://openalex.org/W2950238021","https://openalex.org/W2950462296","https://openalex.org/W2951065015","https://openalex.org/W2951107471","https://openalex.org/W2951137141","https://openalex.org/W2951402759","https://openalex.org/W2951620820","https://openalex.org/W2952077301","https://openalex.org/W2952143832","https://openalex.org/W2954793775","https://openalex.org/W2955616491","https://openalex.org/W2955791806","https://openalex.org/W2957921024","https://openalex.org/W2960778947","https://openalex.org/W2961703895","https://openalex.org/W2962811827","https://openalex.org/W2962908174","https://openalex.org/W2963166057","https://openalex.org/W2963206832","https://openalex.org/W2963335874","https://openalex.org/W2963385418","https://openalex.org/W2963572698","https://openalex.org/W2963627453","https://openalex.org/W2963663808","https://openalex.org/W2963834742","https://openalex.org/W2964010909","https://openalex.org/W2964031418","https://openalex.org/W2964035021","https://openalex.org/W2964338223","https://openalex.org/W2964552028","https://openalex.org/W2964965345","https://openalex.org/W2966064220","https://openalex.org/W2966081953","https://openalex.org/W2967307231","https://openalex.org/W2967433097","https://openalex.org/W2967488987","https://openalex.org/W2967821093","https://openalex.org/W2968748397","https://openalex.org/W2969186979","https://openalex.org/W2969246650","https://openalex.org/W2969343193","https://openalex.org/W2969816511","https://openalex.org/W2970533603","https://openalex.org/W2970608956","https://openalex.org/W2972559297","https://openalex.org/W2972686555","https://openalex.org/W2972779216","https://openalex.org/W2974488061","https://openalex.org/W2975481721","https://openalex.org/W2975512858","https://openalex.org/W2976241900","https://openalex.org/W2976743137","https://openalex.org/W2976971804","https://openalex.org/W2978289678","https://openalex.org/W2978368159","https://openalex.org/W2978838840","https://openalex.org/W2978923360","https://openalex.org/W2979227497","https://openalex.org/W2979576473","https://openalex.org/W2979589704","https://openalex.org/W2979879900","https://openalex.org/W2980338959","https://openalex.org/W2981012090","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2981809368","https://openalex.org/W2982134097","https://openalex.org/W2982316857","https://openalex.org/W2983067551","https://openalex.org/W2984844508","https://openalex.org/W2985248324","https://openalex.org/W2985603549","https://openalex.org/W2985832844","https://openalex.org/W2986967681","https://openalex.org/W2987219171","https://openalex.org/W2988559779","https://openalex.org/W2988640543","https://openalex.org/W2989730456","https://openalex.org/W2989847975","https://openalex.org/W2990284936","https://openalex.org/W2990793844","https://openalex.org/W2990887438","https://openalex.org/W2992817139","https://openalex.org/W2993156114","https://openalex.org/W2993364807","https://openalex.org/W2994782334","https://openalex.org/W2994806350","https://openalex.org/W2995292829","https://openalex.org/W2995523160","https://openalex.org/W2995825260","https://openalex.org/W2996054300","https://openalex.org/W2996585853","https://openalex.org/W2996650495","https://openalex.org/W2996699386","https://openalex.org/W2997106510","https://openalex.org/W2999145262","https://openalex.org/W2999333443","https://openalex.org/W2999474720","https://openalex.org/W2999778183","https://openalex.org/W2999844085","https://openalex.org/W3000505821","https://openalex.org/W3000520918","https://openalex.org/W3000591787","https://openalex.org/W3000615177","https://openalex.org/W3000709485","https://openalex.org/W3001172897","https://openalex.org/W3001267461","https://openalex.org/W3001629999","https://openalex.org/W3001943899","https://openalex.org/W3002402804","https://openalex.org/W3002481028","https://openalex.org/W3002805352","https://openalex.org/W3002831475","https://openalex.org/W3003821665","https://openalex.org/W3003940276","https://openalex.org/W3004127905","https://openalex.org/W3004360755","https://openalex.org/W3004411706","https://openalex.org/W3004619146","https://openalex.org/W3004845282","https://openalex.org/W3005822457","https://openalex.org/W3005830474","https://openalex.org/W3006459974","https://openalex.org/W3006906812","https://openalex.org/W3006966652","https://openalex.org/W3007283957","https://openalex.org/W3007324581","https://openalex.org/W3008120696","https://openalex.org/W3009615583","https://openalex.org/W3009994855","https://openalex.org/W3010339880","https://openalex.org/W3011489868","https://openalex.org/W3012561096","https://openalex.org/W3012831955","https://openalex.org/W3013049639","https://openalex.org/W3013080934","https://openalex.org/W3013535889","https://openalex.org/W3013546460","https://openalex.org/W3013844170","https://openalex.org/W3014334018","https://openalex.org/W3015724253","https://openalex.org/W3016391357","https://openalex.org/W3016516723","https://openalex.org/W3016665389","https://openalex.org/W3016970897","https://openalex.org/W3017066579","https://openalex.org/W3017253501","https://openalex.org/W3023749416","https://openalex.org/W3024978629","https://openalex.org/W3027065653","https://openalex.org/W3027857890","https://openalex.org/W3028110392","https://openalex.org/W3029335295","https://openalex.org/W3031218447","https://openalex.org/W3032216151","https://openalex.org/W3032819016","https://openalex.org/W3032936265","https://openalex.org/W3033076639","https://openalex.org/W3033578652","https://openalex.org/W3033734094","https://openalex.org/W3034163591","https://openalex.org/W3034516040","https://openalex.org/W3034554960","https://openalex.org/W3035400263","https://openalex.org/W3035703067","https://openalex.org/W3036885590","https://openalex.org/W3036995891","https://openalex.org/W3037486115","https://openalex.org/W3037905030","https://openalex.org/W3039279398","https://openalex.org/W3040176896","https://openalex.org/W3040303671","https://openalex.org/W3040827038","https://openalex.org/W3041029313","https://openalex.org/W3041133507","https://openalex.org/W3041378136","https://openalex.org/W3041566370","https://openalex.org/W3042062484","https://openalex.org/W3042167479","https://openalex.org/W3042468132","https://openalex.org/W3043159233","https://openalex.org/W3043426275","https://openalex.org/W3043664194","https://openalex.org/W3043940359","https://openalex.org/W3044192339","https://openalex.org/W3044557848","https://openalex.org/W3044765953","https://openalex.org/W3044994059","https://openalex.org/W3046016807","https://openalex.org/W3047109430","https://openalex.org/W3047178033","https://openalex.org/W3047705312","https://openalex.org/W3048549109","https://openalex.org/W3049461533","https://openalex.org/W3080724430","https://openalex.org/W3081140267","https://openalex.org/W3081188678","https://openalex.org/W3081193257","https://openalex.org/W3081302630","https://openalex.org/W3081818272","https://openalex.org/W3082381308","https://openalex.org/W3083264761","https://openalex.org/W3083618915","https://openalex.org/W3083729036","https://openalex.org/W3086376456","https://openalex.org/W3087604987","https://openalex.org/W3088347860","https://openalex.org/W3088955936","https://openalex.org/W3089089707","https://openalex.org/W3089189251","https://openalex.org/W3090001109","https://openalex.org/W3091194017","https://openalex.org/W3091851330","https://openalex.org/W3093388624","https://openalex.org/W3093402932","https://openalex.org/W3093411256","https://openalex.org/W3093649829","https://openalex.org/W3093908581","https://openalex.org/W3094008649","https://openalex.org/W3094403118","https://openalex.org/W3094564487","https://openalex.org/W3094568047","https://openalex.org/W3095256020","https://openalex.org/W3095769467","https://openalex.org/W3096541186","https://openalex.org/W3096606584","https://openalex.org/W3097323184","https://openalex.org/W3097521164","https://openalex.org/W3098316772","https://openalex.org/W3098348305","https://openalex.org/W3098480967","https://openalex.org/W3098634202","https://openalex.org/W3098695332","https://openalex.org/W3098785824","https://openalex.org/W3098917398","https://openalex.org/W3099280452","https://openalex.org/W3099470245","https://openalex.org/W3099626495","https://openalex.org/W3100035092","https://openalex.org/W3100249257","https://openalex.org/W3100283536","https://openalex.org/W3100500103","https://openalex.org/W3100658279","https://openalex.org/W3100729098","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3100969857","https://openalex.org/W3100970532","https://openalex.org/W3101151517","https://openalex.org/W3101421194","https://openalex.org/W3102325434","https://openalex.org/W3102340886","https://openalex.org/W3102718140","https://openalex.org/W3102982825","https://openalex.org/W3103542076","https://openalex.org/W3103934428","https://openalex.org/W3104086227","https://openalex.org/W3104775050","https://openalex.org/W3104804488","https://openalex.org/W3104870461","https://openalex.org/W3105419323","https://openalex.org/W3105651744","https://openalex.org/W3105693422","https://openalex.org/W3106073154","https://openalex.org/W3106383766","https://openalex.org/W3106469817","https://openalex.org/W3107346677","https://openalex.org/W3109916846","https://openalex.org/W3112575106","https://openalex.org/W3112576801","https://openalex.org/W3112668161","https://openalex.org/W3112830199","https://openalex.org/W3114656519","https://openalex.org/W3116748096","https://openalex.org/W3117080414","https://openalex.org/W3117657555","https://openalex.org/W3118210634","https://openalex.org/W3119921680","https://openalex.org/W3121753157","https://openalex.org/W3121823322","https://openalex.org/W3122214732","https://openalex.org/W3124801338","https://openalex.org/W3125051303","https://openalex.org/W3125908175","https://openalex.org/W3127379532","https://openalex.org/W3127504288","https://openalex.org/W3129167437","https://openalex.org/W3130070867","https://openalex.org/W3133769281","https://openalex.org/W3133785897","https://openalex.org/W3134836631","https://openalex.org/W3135473498","https://openalex.org/W3135613337","https://openalex.org/W3135825807","https://openalex.org/W3136154048","https://openalex.org/W3136745559","https://openalex.org/W3137647562","https://openalex.org/W3138944262","https://openalex.org/W3140018342","https://openalex.org/W3152599691","https://openalex.org/W3152815539","https://openalex.org/W3156333129","https://openalex.org/W3160102575","https://openalex.org/W3163773863","https://openalex.org/W3181568694","https://openalex.org/W3181813002","https://openalex.org/W4210956562","https://openalex.org/W4211091012","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4231081240","https://openalex.org/W4232220759","https://openalex.org/W4233030948","https://openalex.org/W4233923606","https://openalex.org/W4234821997","https://openalex.org/W4234973464","https://openalex.org/W4236428370","https://openalex.org/W4241400578","https://openalex.org/W4243570436","https://openalex.org/W4246233237","https://openalex.org/W4247763225","https://openalex.org/W4251351176","https://openalex.org/W4252167944","https://openalex.org/W4252714035","https://openalex.org/W4254436426","https://openalex.org/W4255229883","https://openalex.org/W4255885670","https://openalex.org/W4290981362","https://openalex.org/W4299726581","https://openalex.org/W4301971222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285308918","https://openalex.org/W3031505884","https://openalex.org/W2971712727","https://openalex.org/W2951049725","https://openalex.org/W4387459935","https://openalex.org/W2908450434","https://openalex.org/W4382561696","https://openalex.org/W3015991694","https://openalex.org/W2895519962","https://openalex.org/W2986579802"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neuromorphic":[0],"electronics,":[1],"an":[2],"emerging":[3],"field":[4],"that":[5,123],"aims":[6],"for":[7,17,58,161],"building":[8],"electronic":[9,40,64,98,112],"mimics":[10],"of":[11,21,47,92,110,128],"the":[12,19,38,60,79,90,108,119,125,129,146,165],"biological":[13,35],"brain,":[14],"holds":[15],"promise":[16],"reshaping":[18],"frontiers":[20],"information":[22],"technology":[23],"and":[24,29,69,133,151],"enabling":[25],"a":[26,96,103,115],"more":[27],"intelligent":[28],"efficient":[30],"computing":[31],"paradigm.":[32],"As":[33],"their":[34,152],"brain":[36],"counterpart,":[37],"neuromorphic":[39,63,97,111],"systems":[41,65,113],"are":[42,66],"complex,":[43],"having":[44],"multiple":[45],"levels":[46,150],"organization.":[48],"Inspired":[49],"by":[50],"David":[51],"Marr's":[52],"famous":[53],"three\u2010level":[54],"analytical":[55],"framework":[56],"developed":[57],"neuroscience,":[59],"advances":[61],"in":[62,102],"selectively":[67],"surveyed":[68],"given":[70],"significance":[71],"to":[72,94,118,135],"these":[73],"research":[74],"endeavors":[75],"as":[76],"appropriate":[77],"from":[78,145],"computational":[80,140],"level,":[81,83],"algorithmic":[82],"or":[84],"implementation":[85],"level.":[86],"Under":[87],"this":[88],"framework,":[89],"problem":[91],"how":[93],"build":[95],"system":[99],"is":[100],"defined":[101],"tractable":[104],"way.":[105],"In":[106],"conclusion,":[107],"development":[109],"confronts":[114],"similar":[116],"challenge":[117],"one":[120],"neuroscience":[121],"confronts,":[122],"is,":[124],"limited":[126],"constructability":[127],"low\u2010level":[130],"knowledge":[131],"(implementations":[132],"algorithms)":[134],"achieve":[136],"high\u2010level":[137],"brain\u2010like":[138],"(human\u2010level)":[139],"functions.":[141],"An":[142],"opportunity":[143,160],"arises":[144],"communication":[147],"among":[148],"different":[149],"codesign.":[153],"Neuroscience":[154],"lab\u2010on\u2010neuromorphic":[155],"chip":[156],"platforms":[157],"offer":[158],"additional":[159],"mutual":[162],"benefit":[163],"between":[164],"two":[166],"disciplines.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}