{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4234837039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse561","title":"Bioinformatic Databases","display_name":"Bioinformatic Databases","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4234837039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse561"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470050118.ecse561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306534807","display_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","raw_type":"other"},"type":"other","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090641466","display_name":"Katherine G. Herbert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-8187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166088655","display_name":"Montclair State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nxc2t48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Katherine G. Herbert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068491255","display_name":"Junilda Spirollari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junilda Spirollari","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378977","display_name":"Jason T. L. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-1097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason T. L. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378977","display_name":"Jason T. L. Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-1097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason T. L. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068494351","display_name":"William H. Piel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0429-9797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1338124936","display_name":"American Museum of Natural History","ror":"https://ror.org/03thb3e06","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338124936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William H. Piel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338124936","https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043891987","display_name":"John Westbrook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-5475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Westbrook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Protein Data Bank and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Protein Data Bank and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059783115","display_name":"Winona C. Barker","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Winona C. Barker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Protein Information Resource and Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Protein Information Resource and Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100861986","display_name":"Zhang\u2010Zhi Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang\u2010Zhi Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Protein Information Resource and Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Protein Information Resource and Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053761444","display_name":"Cathy Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-8601"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cathy H. Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Protein Information Resource and Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Protein Information Resource and Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090641466"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10885","display_name":"Gene expression and cancer classification","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-database","display_name":"Biological database","score":0.7817604541778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7435917258262634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6509894132614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genbank","display_name":"GenBank","score":0.5647106766700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.529551088809967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5142590403556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integration","display_name":"Data integration","score":0.4825426936149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-data","display_name":"Biological data","score":0.4732542634010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.18898844718933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.12823888659477234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0808415412902832}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20901353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117139","display_name":"Biological database","level":2,"score":0.7817604541778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7435917258262634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6509894132614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79029880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901755","display_name":"GenBank","level":3,"score":0.5647106766700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.529551088809967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5142590403556824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.4825426936149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201797286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4914986","display_name":"Biological data","level":2,"score":0.4732542634010315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.18898844718933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12823888659477234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0808415412902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470050118.ecse561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse561","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306534807","display_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W124481901","https://openalex.org/W159602724","https://openalex.org/W208472445","https://openalex.org/W570962696","https://openalex.org/W1497209257","https://openalex.org/W1509844421","https://openalex.org/W1519266993","https://openalex.org/W1561819162","https://openalex.org/W1979590043","https://openalex.org/W1979654529","https://openalex.org/W1982481323","https://openalex.org/W1984779133","https://openalex.org/W1986891966","https://openalex.org/W1996835973","https://openalex.org/W2007618885","https://openalex.org/W2041956242","https://openalex.org/W2044968452","https://openalex.org/W2047405437","https://openalex.org/W2050843661","https://openalex.org/W2071699363","https://openalex.org/W2094010958","https://openalex.org/W2096525273","https://openalex.org/W2097106271","https://openalex.org/W2097706568","https://openalex.org/W2101397045","https://openalex.org/W2103017472","https://openalex.org/W2103490626","https://openalex.org/W2103546861","https://openalex.org/W2108628049","https://openalex.org/W2111973517","https://openalex.org/W2116554395","https://openalex.org/W2119195082","https://openalex.org/W2120819924","https://openalex.org/W2122261141","https://openalex.org/W2124105487","https://openalex.org/W2127279146","https://openalex.org/W2128549389","https://openalex.org/W2129448726","https://openalex.org/W2129748900","https://openalex.org/W2131581981","https://openalex.org/W2131924932","https://openalex.org/W2133431243","https://openalex.org/W2133525847","https://openalex.org/W2134394193","https://openalex.org/W2135304075","https://openalex.org/W2137970956","https://openalex.org/W2138473401","https://openalex.org/W2140000393","https://openalex.org/W2141729174","https://openalex.org/W2141885858","https://openalex.org/W2146312020","https://openalex.org/W2150556577","https://openalex.org/W2151831732","https://openalex.org/W2152178770","https://openalex.org/W2152376949","https://openalex.org/W2155331065","https://openalex.org/W2158714788","https://openalex.org/W2158784643","https://openalex.org/W2159266221","https://openalex.org/W2161241566","https://openalex.org/W2161732286","https://openalex.org/W2162891889","https://openalex.org/W2163544308","https://openalex.org/W2166458835","https://openalex.org/W2185907055","https://openalex.org/W2294475439","https://openalex.org/W2319660501","https://openalex.org/W2917064891","https://openalex.org/W4213387068","https://openalex.org/W4239701939","https://openalex.org/W4241827326","https://openalex.org/W4242739003","https://openalex.org/W4247964656","https://openalex.org/W4294216483","https://openalex.org/W4301436271","https://openalex.org/W4388324591"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2307569040","https://openalex.org/W2541393756","https://openalex.org/W2060096282","https://openalex.org/W2131941936","https://openalex.org/W2385643360","https://openalex.org/W2739872940","https://openalex.org/W115596161","https://openalex.org/W1983206747","https://openalex.org/W2167730203","https://openalex.org/W1537750021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Biological":[1,17],"database":[2,72],"research":[3,198],"encompasses":[4],"many":[5,23],"topics,":[6],"such":[7],"as":[8,108,110],"biological":[9,125],"data":[10,95,138,184,212],"management,":[11],"curation,":[12],"quality,":[13],"integration,":[14,210],"and":[15,102,136,164,166,179,186,199,211],"mining.":[16],"databases":[18,126],"can":[19],"be":[20],"classified":[21],"in":[22,190],"different":[24],"ways,":[25],"from":[26,120],"the":[27,71,78,98,103,142,191],"topic":[28],"they":[29,35,41,47,53,59,65],"cover,":[30],"to":[31,43,55,67],"how":[32,44,56,68],"heavily":[33,45,57],"annotated":[34,46,58],"are":[36,48,60,84,91,118],"or":[37,49,61],"which":[38,50,62],"annotation":[39,51,63],"method":[40,52,64],"employ,":[42,66],"employ,.":[54],"highly":[69],"integrated":[70],"is":[73,146],"with":[74],"other":[75],"databases.":[76,168],"Popularly,":[77],"first":[79],"two":[80],"categories":[81],"of":[82,106,172,183],"classification":[83],"used":[85],"most":[86],"frequently.":[87],"For":[88],"example,":[89],"there":[90],"archival":[92],"nucleic":[93],"acid":[94],"repositories":[96],"(GenBank,":[97],"EMBL":[99],"Data":[100],"Library,":[101],"DNA":[104],"Databank":[105],"Japan)":[107],"well":[109],"protein":[111],"sequence":[112],"motif/domain":[113],"databases,":[114,174,204],"like":[115],"PROSITE,":[116],"that":[117],"derived":[119],"primary":[121],"source":[122],"data.":[123],"Modern":[124],"comprise":[127],"not":[128],"only":[129],"data,":[130],"but":[131],"also":[132],"sophisticated":[133],"query":[134,187],"facities":[135],"bioinformatic":[137,156],"analysis":[139],"tools;":[140],"hence,":[141],"term":[143],"\u201cbioinformatic":[144],"databases\u201d":[145],"ofter":[147],"used.":[148],"This":[149],"article":[150],"presents":[151],"information":[152],"on":[153,181],"some":[154],"popular":[155],"databased":[157],"available":[158,189],"online,":[159],"including":[160],"sequence,":[161],"phylogenetic,":[162],"structure":[163],"pathway,":[165],"microarray":[167],"It":[169],"highlights":[170],"features":[171],"these":[173,203],"discussing":[175],"their":[176],"unique":[177],"charateristics,":[178],"focusing":[180],"types":[182],"stored":[185],"facilities":[188],"databaes.":[192],"The":[193],"concludes":[194],"by":[195],"summarizing":[196],"important":[197],"development":[200],"challenges":[201],"for":[202],"namely":[205],"knowledge":[206,209],"discovery,":[207],"large\u2010scale":[208],"providence":[213],"problems.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
