{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1737827806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse054","title":"CD\u2010ROMs and Computer Systems","display_name":"CD\u2010ROMs and Computer Systems","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1737827806","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse054","mag":"1737827806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470050118.ecse054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306534807","display_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","raw_type":"other"},"type":"other","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057442892","display_name":"Paul G. Ranky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul G. Ranky","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072211750","display_name":"Gregory N. Ranky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128459","display_name":"Ridgewood Public Schools","ror":"https://ror.org/03e7c0529","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128459"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory N. Ranky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ridgewood, New Jersey","Ridgewood New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ridgewood, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ridgewood New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128459"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000608885","display_name":"Mick F. Ranky","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128459","display_name":"Ridgewood Public Schools","ror":"https://ror.org/03e7c0529","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128459"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mick F. Ranky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ridgewood, New Jersey","Ridgewood New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ridgewood, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ridgewood New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128459"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057442892"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11657","display_name":"Digital and Traditional Archives Management","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1206","display_name":"Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6941854357719421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-disc","display_name":"Optical disc","score":0.6341482400894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byte","display_name":"Byte","score":0.6084627509117126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-storage","display_name":"Mass storage","score":0.5764767527580261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.552227258682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-tape","display_name":"Magnetic tape","score":0.4890797734260559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3863554894924164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3832751512527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.3567768633365631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2565464973449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-recording","display_name":"Digital recording","score":0.1245158314704895}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6941854357719421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1135709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234870","display_name":"Optical disc","level":2,"score":0.6341482400894165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43364308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799","display_name":"Byte","level":2,"score":0.6084627509117126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125041420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426186","display_name":"Mass storage","level":2,"score":0.5764767527580261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.552227258682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776140076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193663","display_name":"Magnetic tape","level":3,"score":0.4890797734260559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3863554894924164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3832751512527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.3567768633365631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2565464973449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780415423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2473736","display_name":"Digital recording","level":2,"score":0.1245158314704895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/9780470050118.ecse054","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470050118.ecse054","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306534807","display_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering","raw_type":"other"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1946343379","https://openalex.org/W1947060664","https://openalex.org/W1953093074","https://openalex.org/W1960199318","https://openalex.org/W1964276650","https://openalex.org/W1988881934","https://openalex.org/W1995607564","https://openalex.org/W2001320072","https://openalex.org/W2008587463","https://openalex.org/W2014189717","https://openalex.org/W2015961936","https://openalex.org/W2022202897","https://openalex.org/W2028608592","https://openalex.org/W2035782197","https://openalex.org/W2039701580","https://openalex.org/W2046856919","https://openalex.org/W2048881146","https://openalex.org/W2057633169","https://openalex.org/W2070167717","https://openalex.org/W2085778443","https://openalex.org/W2111437294","https://openalex.org/W2122848253","https://openalex.org/W2155683878","https://openalex.org/W2164227594","https://openalex.org/W2166704538","https://openalex.org/W2316398063","https://openalex.org/W2487470137","https://openalex.org/W2577808763","https://openalex.org/W2992581148","https://openalex.org/W4247777378","https://openalex.org/W6657347530","https://openalex.org/W6771128841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1931611523","https://openalex.org/W1497573286","https://openalex.org/W3011264398","https://openalex.org/W14874716","https://openalex.org/W2100085927","https://openalex.org/W1981479248","https://openalex.org/W1867928838","https://openalex.org/W284848155","https://openalex.org/W2059361540","https://openalex.org/W2171870897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Due":[1],"to":[2,129,207,214,270,300],"the":[3,6,61,69,74,92,109,168,198,228,247,253,272,311,315,318,338,359,366,369,386,398,401,426,431],"expansion":[4],"of":[5,8,63,80,85,120,126,222,227,262,388,397,400,409,430],"amount":[7],"data":[9,41,87,96,124,160,192,289,376,414],"and":[10,31,44,46,51,72,118,122,138,162,195,203,285,317,322,337,351,361,365,379,411,415,421,428,433],"documents":[11],"[i.e.,":[12],"text,":[13],"line":[14],"diagrams,":[15],"images,":[16],"digital":[17,53,139,413],"video,":[18],"animation,":[19],"sound":[20],"files,":[21,39],"three\u2010dimensional":[22],"(3\u2010D)":[23],"virtual":[24],"reality":[25],"\u201cwalkthroughs,\u201d":[26],"computer":[27,134,320,403],"aided":[28],"design":[29],"(CAD),":[30],"product":[32],"lifecycle":[33],"management":[34],"(PLM)":[35],"3\u2010D":[36],"interactive":[37],"model":[38],"measured":[40],"from":[42],"machines":[43],"processes,":[45],"others)":[47],"we":[48,383],"create,":[49],"store,":[50],"archive,":[52],"mass":[54,95,159,184,334],"storage":[55,97,161,170,185,335,339],"technology":[56],"is":[57,108,211,220,298,327],"rapidly":[58],"growing.":[59],"Until":[60],"arrival":[62],"compact":[64,199],"disc":[65,200],"read\u2013only":[66],"(CD\u2010ROM)":[67],"technology,":[68,209],"magnetic":[70,89,158,169,254],"tape":[71],"then":[73],"hard":[75,255,303],"disk,":[76],"which":[77,210,219],"was":[78,172,258],"capable":[79,221,261],"reading":[81],"as":[82,84,99,146,187,189,215,271,348],"well":[83,188],"writing":[86],"using":[88],"media,":[90],"were":[91],"most":[93,357],"obvious":[94],"solutions,":[98],"they":[100],"still":[101,174],"are":[102,125,342,353],"today":[103],"for":[104,157],"many":[105,112],"applications.":[106],"As":[107],"case":[110],"with":[111,252],"new":[113],"technologies,":[114],"cost,":[115],"robustness,":[116],"security,":[117,420],"reliability":[119,422],"storing":[121,223,410],"retrieving":[123],"utmost":[127],"interest":[128],"every":[130],"direct":[131],"or":[132,217,275,406],"indirect":[133],"user;":[135],"therefore,":[136],"CD\u2010ROMs":[137,350],"variety":[140],"discs":[141],"(DVD\u2010ROMs)":[142],"have":[143,241,384],"been":[144],"developed":[145,204],"a":[147,301,418],"relatively":[148],"low":[149],"cost":[150],"(i.e.,":[151],"byte":[152],"per":[153],"cent)":[154],"optical":[155,349],"alternative":[156,206],"retrieval.":[163],"Obviously":[164],"during":[165],"this":[166,332,389],"development,":[167],"industry":[171,201],"(and":[173],"is)":[175],"fighting":[176],"back,":[177],"by":[178,190],"simultaneously":[179],"lowering":[180],"its":[181],"prices":[182],"on":[183],"devices":[186,336],"increasing":[191],"transfer":[193,290,312,377],"rates":[194,378],"reliability.":[196],"Simultaneously,":[197],"researched":[202],"an":[205],"CD\u2010ROM":[208,229,248,280,432],"often":[212,268],"referred":[213,269],"DVD,":[216],"DVD\u2010ROM,":[218],"several":[224],"times":[225],"that":[226,245,423],"capacity":[230],"(the":[231],"actual":[232],"details":[233],"will":[234,372,424],"be":[235],"discussed":[236],"here).":[237],"Data":[238],"read/write/access":[239],"speeds":[240],"changed":[242],"too,":[243],"in":[244,250,368],"initially":[246],"drive,":[249],"comparison":[251],"disk":[256,304],"drive":[257],"very":[259],"slow,":[260],"transferring":[263],"approximately":[264,293],"150":[265],"Kb/sc":[266],"(as":[267],"1":[273],"\u00d7":[274],"single\u2010speed":[276],"CD":[277],"drive),":[278],"whereas":[279],"drives":[281],"achieve":[282],"56":[283],"\u00d7,":[284],"even":[286],"faster":[287],"read":[288],"rates,":[291],"meaning":[292],"8400":[294],"Kbs/sc.":[295],"This":[296],"rate":[297,313],"close":[299],"\u201cgood\u201d":[302],"drive's":[305],"read/write":[306],"speed.":[307],"(Obviously":[308],"when":[309],"analyzing":[310],"issue,":[314],"interface":[316],"entire":[319],"hardware":[321],"software":[323],"system":[324],"integration":[325],"quality":[326],"important":[328],"too.)":[329],"To":[330],"summarize":[331],"introduction,":[333],"media":[340],"employed":[341],"increasingly":[343,362],"important;":[344],"thus,":[345],"technologies":[346],"such":[347],"DVDs":[352],"thriving.":[354],"Other":[355],"alternatives,":[356],"importantly":[358],"emerging":[360],"fast(er)":[363],"intranets":[364],"Internet,":[367],"long":[370],"run":[371],"offer":[373],"more":[374],"acceptable":[375],"bandwidth":[380],"than":[381],"what":[382],"at":[385,417],"time":[387],"writing.":[390],"These":[391],"alternatives":[392],"could":[393],"take":[394],"off":[395],"some":[396],"burden":[399],"individual":[402],"user,":[404],"office,":[405],"multimedia":[407],"studio":[408],"archiving":[412],"documents\u2014obviously":[416],"price,":[419],"ensure":[425],"future":[427],"viability":[429],"DVD":[434],"(high\u2010definction":[435],"DVD;":[436],"see":[437],"below)":[438],"technologies.":[439]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}