{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042158150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199909)30:10<22::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-d","title":"Fault-tolerant neural networks with higher functionality","display_name":"Fault-tolerant neural networks with higher functionality","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042158150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199909)30:10<22::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-d","mag":"2042158150"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199909)30:10<22::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199909)30:10<22::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064893571","display_name":"Y. Tohma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2040-6708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165522056","display_name":"Tokyo Denki University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pa62v70","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165522056"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshihiro Tohma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan 101-8457","Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan 101\u20108457"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan 101-8457","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165522056"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo, Japan 101\u20108457","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165522056"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109154284","display_name":"Takuya Iwata","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252096349","display_name":"Fujitsu (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/038e2g226","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252096349"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takuya Iwata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Project Development Division, System LSI Lab., Fujitsu Laboratories, Atsugi, Japan 243-0197"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Project Development Division, System LSI Lab., Fujitsu Laboratories, Atsugi, Japan 243-0197","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252096349"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13392447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"10","first_page":"22","last_page":"33"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.7451282143592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7293996810913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.6592517495155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.6428288817405701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmoid-function","display_name":"Sigmoid function","score":0.5912353992462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.5229333639144897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.5107746124267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activation-function","display_name":"Activation function","score":0.5031518340110779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.47873303294181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connection","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","score":0.43539857864379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.4321005940437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.28429532051086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2096230685710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.15423822402954102}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.7451282143592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7293996810913086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.6592517495155334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6428288817405701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.5912353992462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5229333639144897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5107746124267578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38365724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677469","display_name":"Activation function","level":3,"score":0.5031518340110779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.47873303294181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.43539857864379883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.4321005940437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28429532051086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2096230685710907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.15423822402954102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199909)30:10<22::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199909)30:10<22::aid-scj3>3.0.co;2-d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597286183","https://openalex.org/W1970775897","https://openalex.org/W1983051814","https://openalex.org/W2008047718","https://openalex.org/W2010863474","https://openalex.org/W2035500938","https://openalex.org/W2053868231","https://openalex.org/W2054981558","https://openalex.org/W2098847765","https://openalex.org/W2112246162","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2132280711","https://openalex.org/W2133671888","https://openalex.org/W2159812105","https://openalex.org/W2170787025","https://openalex.org/W2766736793","https://openalex.org/W3126876594","https://openalex.org/W6674907349","https://openalex.org/W6683120808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3024979424","https://openalex.org/W4283785902","https://openalex.org/W2895192346","https://openalex.org/W3032499992","https://openalex.org/W2041004593","https://openalex.org/W3134817226","https://openalex.org/W3110577345","https://openalex.org/W3136579697","https://openalex.org/W2811324119","https://openalex.org/W1504105233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0,44],"is":[1,24,45,90,98,140,161,222],"known":[2],"that":[3,19,48,120,163,192],"mutually":[4],"coupled":[5],"neural":[6,21,51,88,137,235],"networks":[7],"are":[8],"suited":[9],"for":[10],"solving":[11],"optimization":[12],"problems.":[13],"So":[14],"far,":[15],"we":[16,190],"have":[17,125],"shown":[18,47],"a":[20,49,57,82,84,122,126,136,194,206,227],"network":[22,52,138],"which":[23,139],"tolerant":[25,141],"to":[26,142],"unidirectional":[27],"faults":[28,71,147],"can":[29,53,124,148],"be":[30,54,149,167,197],"realized":[31,55,150,198],"by":[32,56,100,111,151],"selecting":[33],"automatically":[34],"one":[35],"of":[36,41,81,86,95,104,107,133,178,208,230,234],"the":[37,42,78,87,93,96,101,105,112,130,152,156,171,175,179,202,217],"two":[38],"complementary":[39],"representations":[40],"solution.":[43],"also":[46],"fault-tolerant":[50],"triplication":[58,172],"structure":[59,158],"with":[60],"an":[61],"appropriate":[62],"merging":[63],"function,":[64],"even":[65],"if":[66,121],"both":[67],"stuck-at-1":[68,143],"and":[69,144,225],"0":[70,145],"may":[72],"occur":[73],"simultaneously.":[74],"In":[75,214],"these":[76],"realizations,":[77],"conventional":[79],"property":[80],"neuron,":[83],"component":[85],"network,":[89],"utilized,":[91],"where":[92],"output":[94],"neuron":[97,123,180],"determined":[99],"sigmoid":[102],"function":[103,128,177,195],"sum":[106,132],"its":[108,134],"inputs":[109],"multiplied":[110],"respective":[113],"weights":[114],"(connection":[115],"coefficients).":[116],"This":[117],"paper":[118,184,221],"shows":[119],"higher":[127,176],"than":[129,169],"weighted":[131],"inputs,":[135],"mixed":[146],"duplication":[153,157],"structure.":[154,173],"Since":[155],"suffices,":[159],"it":[160],"expected":[162],"less":[164],"hardware":[165,200],"will":[166,196],"needed":[168],"in":[170,182,199,201,210,219],"Although":[174],"assumed":[181],"this":[183,215,220],"has":[185],"not":[186],"actually":[187],"been":[188],"realized,":[189],"expect":[191],"such":[193],"near":[203],"future":[204],"as":[205],"result":[207],"progress":[209],"integrated":[211],"circuit":[212],"technology.":[213],"sense,":[216],"proposal":[218],"practically":[223],"realistic,":[224],"provides":[226],"new":[228],"means":[229],"implementing":[231],"fault":[232],"tolerance":[233],"networks.":[236],"\u00a9":[237],"1999":[238,246],"Scripta":[239],"Technica,":[240],"Syst":[241],"Comp":[242],"Jpn,":[243],"30(10):":[244],"22\u201333,":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}