{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2012005056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199704)28:4<75::aid-scj8>3.0.co;2-m","title":"Real-time Japanese captioning system for the hearing impaired","display_name":"Real-time Japanese captioning system for the hearing impaired","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2012005056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199704)28:4<75::aid-scj8>3.0.co;2-m","mag":"2012005056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199704)28:4<75::aid-scj8>3.0.co;2-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199704)28:4<75::aid-scj8>3.0.co;2-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058960117","display_name":"Satoshi Nishikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0905-8615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24254649","display_name":"Tsukuba University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057bx9y85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satoshi Nishikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103438320","display_name":"Hidechika Takahashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24254649","display_name":"Tsukuba University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057bx9y85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hidechika Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101628421","display_name":"Masayuki Kobayashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1688-3277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24254649","display_name":"Tsukuba University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057bx9y85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masayuki Kobayashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063390521","display_name":"Yasushi Ishihara","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24254649","display_name":"Tsukuba University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057bx9y85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasushi Ishihara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4-3-15 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsukuba College of Technology, 4\u20103\u201015 Amakubo Tsukuba, Japan 305","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041853490","display_name":"Kunihiro Shibata","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunihiro Shibata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Waseda-Sokki Institute of Education, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 169"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Waseda-Sokki Institute of Education, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan 169","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058960117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24254649"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25763428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"4","first_page":"75","last_page":"84"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-captioning","display_name":"Closed captioning","score":0.9737372994422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kana","display_name":"Kana","score":0.9535126686096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kanji","display_name":"Kanji","score":0.8609302043914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8252003192901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.647178053855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6162493228912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcomputer","display_name":"Microcomputer","score":0.5600994229316711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5582018494606018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3340974748134613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.16315120458602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-characters","display_name":"Chinese characters","score":0.16252818703651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1397763192653656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157657479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2367247","display_name":"Closed captioning","level":3,"score":0.9737372994422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158885319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187659","display_name":"Kana","level":4,"score":0.9535126686096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83535845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82772","display_name":"Kanji","level":3,"score":0.8609302043914795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8252003192901611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.647178053855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6162493228912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132090242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32738","display_name":"Microcomputer","level":3,"score":0.5600994229316711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5582018494606018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3340974748134613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.16315120458602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781051154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8201","display_name":"Chinese characters","level":2,"score":0.16252818703651428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1397763192653656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199704)28:4<75::aid-scj8>3.0.co;2-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-684x(199704)28:4<75::aid-scj8>3.0.co;2-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58208175","display_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","issn_l":"0882-1666","issn":["0882-1666","1520-684X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems and Computers in Japan","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982290035"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W579363986","https://openalex.org/W1490619519","https://openalex.org/W602395646","https://openalex.org/W56390667","https://openalex.org/W2005219188","https://openalex.org/W173710554","https://openalex.org/W3046887381","https://openalex.org/W2295229969","https://openalex.org/W1533639946","https://openalex.org/W2108724349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,120,145,205],"authors":[1,104],"have":[2,62,73,78],"succeeded":[3],"in":[4,25,29,44,106,167],"developing":[5],"a":[6,14,30,33,118,141,155],"real-time":[7,83],"Japanese":[8],"captioning":[9,84,143],"system":[10,95,175],"(RSV":[11],"system)":[12],"as":[13,149],"new":[15],"means":[16,53],"of":[17,54,71,102,132,158,173,207],"transmitting":[18,55],"voice":[19,56],"information":[20,57,192],"to":[21,48,58,81,117,129,140,151,194,199],"the":[22,27,49,51,59,93,96,103,130,133,136,159,162,185,195],"hearing":[23,60,196],"impaired,":[24,197],"which":[26,72],"speech":[28,131],"talk":[31],"or":[32],"lecture":[34],"is":[35,111,115,138,147,165,176,188,211],"converted":[36],"into":[37],"characters":[38],"and":[39,42,67,114,123,135,161,183],"displayed":[40,166,181],"correctly":[41],"faithfully":[43],"real":[45,168],"time.":[46,169],"Up":[47],"present,":[50],"only":[52],"impaired":[61],"been":[63,79],"lip-reading,":[64],"sign":[65],"language":[66,203],"summary":[68],"descriptions,":[69],"all":[70,178],"fundamental":[74],"problems.":[75],"Recently,":[76],"there":[77],"efforts":[80],"develop":[82],"systems":[85],"using":[86],"computers,":[87],"but":[88],"many":[89],"problems":[90],"remain.":[91],"In":[92],"RSV":[94],"Stenoword":[97],"keyboard,":[98],"developed":[99],"by":[100,213],"one":[101],"(Shibata)":[105],"1991":[107],"for":[108],"high-speed":[109,121,124,142],"input,":[110],"greatly":[112],"improved":[113],"connected":[116],"microcomputer.":[119],"input":[122],"kana-kanji":[125,186],"conversion":[126],"are":[127,180],"applied":[128],"speaker,":[134],"result":[137],"sent":[139],"unit.":[144],"caption":[146],"used":[148],"script":[150],"be":[152],"synthesized":[153],"with":[154,201],"video":[156],"image":[157],"speaker":[160],"superimposed":[163],"picture":[164],"A":[170],"remarkable":[171],"feature":[172],"this":[174,208],"that":[177],"readings":[179],"first":[182],"then":[184],"sentence":[187],"displayed.":[189],"This":[190],"helps":[191],"transmission":[193],"especially":[198],"those":[200],"limited":[202],"abilities.":[204],"effectiveness":[206],"reading":[209],"display":[210],"verified":[212],"audiovisual":[214],"experiments.":[215],"\u00a9":[216],"1997":[217,226],"Scripta":[218],"Technica,":[219],"Inc.":[220],"Syst":[221],"Comp":[222],"Jpn.":[223],"28(4):":[224],"75\u201384,":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
