{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2047463072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1247(199801/02)16:1<1::aid-spe589>3.0.co;2-3","title":"A methodology for the characterization of environmental effects on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) propagation","display_name":"A methodology for the characterization of environmental effects on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) propagation","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2047463072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1247(199801/02)16:1<1::aid-spe589>3.0.co;2-3","mag":"2047463072"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1247(199801/02)16:1<1::aid-spe589>3.0.co;2-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1247(199801/02)16:1<1::aid-spe589>3.0.co;2-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15314142","display_name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications","issn_l":"0737-2884","issn":["0737-2884","1099-1247"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015561437","display_name":"F. P\u00e9rez\u2010Font\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-7562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6289922","display_name":"Universidade de Vigo","ror":"https://ror.org/05rdf8595","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6289922"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"F. Perez Fontan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E-36200 Vigo, Spain","Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E\u201036200 Vigo, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E-36200 Vigo, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6289922"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E\u201036200 Vigo, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090804957","display_name":"M. A. V\u00e1zquez\u2010Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6292-7149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6289922","display_name":"Universidade de Vigo","ror":"https://ror.org/05rdf8595","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6289922"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. Vazquez Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E-36200 Vigo, Spain","Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E\u201036200 Vigo, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E-36200 Vigo, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6289922"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Tecnologias de las Comunicaciones, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Universitario, E\u201036200 Vigo, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022393105","display_name":"E. Kubista","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13402291","display_name":"Joanneum Research","ror":"https://ror.org/049bdss47","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13402291"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Kubista","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joanneum Research IAS, Inffeldgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joanneum Research IAS, Inffeldgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13402291"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054780796","display_name":"A. Paraboni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Paraboni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Studi Telecomunicazoni Spaziali, Politecnico di Milano, Piaza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Studi Telecomunicazoni Spaziali, Politecnico di Milano, Piaza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047864932","display_name":"B. Arbesser\u2010Rastburg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44377176","display_name":"European Space Research and Technology Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03h3jqn23","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Arbesser-Rastburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005767424","display_name":"S. Buonomo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44377176","display_name":"European Space Research and Technology Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03h3jqn23","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Buonomo","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033930218","display_name":"J. Poiares Baptista","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44377176","display_name":"European Space Research and Technology Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03h3jqn23","country_code":"NL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801994115","https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Poiares Baptista","raw_affiliation_strings":["ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ESA/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, PB 299, NL-2200 AG, Noordwijk, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44377176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015561437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6289922"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.87236496,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7956741,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.974399983882904,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9620000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9296000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8955234289169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-system","display_name":"Satellite system","score":0.7620844841003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-navigation","display_name":"Satellite navigation","score":0.6123087406158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5429321527481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5281286835670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4669082760810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.4607153832912445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-augmentation","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","score":0.4526980221271515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.34516799449920654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.34018459916114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23708295822143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.16010436415672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14176154136657715}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8955234289169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778027091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25346003","display_name":"Satellite system","level":4,"score":0.7620844841003418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36301306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179435","display_name":"Satellite navigation","level":3,"score":0.6123087406158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5429321527481079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5281286835670471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4669082760810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.4607153832912445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166212672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165162","display_name":"GNSS augmentation","level":4,"score":0.4526980221271515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.34516799449920654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.34018459916114807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23708295822143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.16010436415672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14176154136657715}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1247(199801/02)16:1<1::aid-spe589>3.0.co;2-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1247(199801/02)16:1<1::aid-spe589>3.0.co;2-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S15314142","display_name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications","issn_l":"0737-2884","issn":["0737-2884","1099-1247"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Satellite Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375040471","https://openalex.org/W2525440477","https://openalex.org/W3103057830","https://openalex.org/W4392115504","https://openalex.org/W2091251439","https://openalex.org/W2068158190","https://openalex.org/W2374813830","https://openalex.org/W4250690488","https://openalex.org/W3205180365","https://openalex.org/W2109997931"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2,127],"a":[3,64],"methodology":[4],"for":[5,42,115],"the":[6,46,106,116,131],"characterization":[7],"of":[8,29,37,49,67,82,108,118,130],"environment-related":[9],"(shadowing":[10],"and":[11,26,57],"multipath)":[12],"propagation":[13,50,121],"effects":[14],"on":[15,24],"multi-satellite":[16,120],"systems":[17,33],"is":[18,22],"presented.":[19,125],"This":[20,126],"work":[21,132],"focused":[23],"availability":[25],"performance":[27],"evaluation":[28],"global":[30],"navigation":[31],"satellite":[32],"(GNSSs).":[34],"The":[35,112],"definition":[36],"next-generation":[38],"GNSSs":[39],"specially":[40],"designed":[41],"civil":[43],"applications":[44],"requires":[45],"precise":[47],"understanding":[48],"effects;":[51],"these":[52],"include":[53],"not":[54],"only":[55],"ionospheric":[56],"tropospheric":[58],"but":[59,85],"also":[60],"environmental":[61],"effects,":[62],"since":[63],"large":[65],"group":[66],"their":[68],"expected":[69],"users":[70],"will":[71],"no":[72],"longer":[73],"be":[74],"located":[75],"in":[76,86],"open":[77],"areas":[78,89],"with":[79],"clear":[80],"visibility":[81],"several":[83],"satellites":[84],"densely":[87],"built-up":[88],"subject":[90],"to":[91],"high":[92],"blockage":[93],"probabilities.":[94],"Issues":[95],"such":[96,119],"as":[97],"constellation":[98],"definition,":[99],"signal":[100],"design,":[101],"codeword":[102],"structure,":[103],"etc.":[104],"require":[105],"aid":[107],"powerful":[109],"analysis":[110,122],"tools.":[111],"basic":[113],"ideas":[114],"specification":[117],"tools":[123],"are":[124],"describes":[128],"part":[129],"being":[133],"carried":[134],"out":[135],"under":[136],"European":[137],"Space":[138],"Agency":[139],"(ESA)":[140],"contract":[141],"ESA/ESTEC":[142],"12223/96/NL/JSC.":[143],"\u00a9":[144],"1998":[145],"John":[146],"Wiley":[147],"&":[148],"Sons,":[149],"Ltd.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}