{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991024422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1174(199906)8:2<89::aid-isaf166>3.0.co;2-g","title":"SCOPE: a blackboard model-based decision support system for crude-oil trading","display_name":"SCOPE: a blackboard model-based decision support system for crude-oil trading","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991024422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1174(199906)8:2<89::aid-isaf166>3.0.co;2-g","mag":"1991024422"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1174(199906)8:2<89::aid-isaf166>3.0.co;2-g","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1174(199906)8:2<89::aid-isaf166>3.0.co;2-g","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67471091","display_name":"Intelligent Systems in Accounting Finance & Management","issn_l":"1055-615X","issn":["1055-615X","1099-1174"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036670654","display_name":"Joseph G. Davis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9871-8771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph G. Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wollongong, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wollongong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055676902","display_name":"Eswaran Subrahmanian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-627X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eswaran Subrahmanian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie-Mellon University, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017209798","display_name":"Arthur W. Westerberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-2513"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur W. Westerberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie-Mellon University, USA","Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie-Mellon University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon Univ (USA)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036670654"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"apc_list":{"value":2630,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2630},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5198,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7430402,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"89","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9524000287055969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.9293732047080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackboard-system","display_name":"Blackboard system","score":0.80919349193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blackboard","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","score":0.778863787651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.7539947032928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.673044741153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crude-oil","display_name":"Crude oil","score":0.552320659160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.41623762249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.41311225295066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3895297646522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management-science","display_name":"Management science","score":0.3685978949069977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.36562103033065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33709144592285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3302501142024994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21377894282341003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petroleum-engineering","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","score":0.09445711970329285}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.9293732047080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157273737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753023","display_name":"Blackboard system","level":3,"score":0.80919349193573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778308757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23601418","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","level":2,"score":0.778863787651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.7539947032928467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.673044741153717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987168347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656","display_name":"Crude oil","level":2,"score":0.552320659160614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.41623762249946594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.41311225295066833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3895297646522522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.3685978949069977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.36562103033065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33709144592285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3302501142024994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21377894282341003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78762247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174","display_name":"Petroleum engineering","level":1,"score":0.09445711970329285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1174(199906)8:2<89::aid-isaf166>3.0.co;2-g","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1174(199906)8:2<89::aid-isaf166>3.0.co;2-g","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S67471091","display_name":"Intelligent Systems in Accounting Finance & Management","issn_l":"1055-615X","issn":["1055-615X","1099-1174"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance &amp; Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142518349","https://openalex.org/W1491526392","https://openalex.org/W1492496071","https://openalex.org/W1517701247","https://openalex.org/W1522870456","https://openalex.org/W1569447401","https://openalex.org/W1583086350","https://openalex.org/W1587026421","https://openalex.org/W1848258369","https://openalex.org/W1918031313","https://openalex.org/W1965917161","https://openalex.org/W1968431527","https://openalex.org/W1976385710","https://openalex.org/W2014001693","https://openalex.org/W2031256320","https://openalex.org/W2068394020","https://openalex.org/W2088486914","https://openalex.org/W2109368681","https://openalex.org/W2115164315","https://openalex.org/W2115427394","https://openalex.org/W2130291989","https://openalex.org/W2131618288","https://openalex.org/W2151524363","https://openalex.org/W2155278486","https://openalex.org/W2575352823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123085253","https://openalex.org/W4231402822","https://openalex.org/W2385023133","https://openalex.org/W2279528337","https://openalex.org/W2254498469","https://openalex.org/W2161257492","https://openalex.org/W4230931601","https://openalex.org/W2146750700","https://openalex.org/W2119376249","https://openalex.org/W2156987631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,14,51],"complex":[1],"decision":[2,35],"problem":[3],"dealing":[4],"with":[5],"crude-oil":[6],"trading":[7],"is":[8,25],"hierarchically":[9],"decomposed":[10],"into":[11],"multiple":[12],"subproblems.":[13],"blackboard":[15],"architecture":[16],"for":[17,49,65,88],"a":[18],"Decision":[19],"Support":[20],"System":[21],"(DSS)":[22],"called":[23],"SCOPE":[24],"developed":[26],"in":[27],"which":[28],"the":[29,33,45,67,75],"subproblems":[30],"generated":[31],"during":[32],"initial":[34],"analysis":[36],"can":[37],"be":[38],"mapped":[39],"to":[40],"relevant":[41],"knowledge":[42],"sources":[43],"incorporating":[44],"most":[46,68],"appropriate":[47],"techniques":[48],"each.":[50],"prototype":[52],"implementation":[53],"of":[54,74],"SCOPE-0,":[55],"an":[56],"expert":[57],"system":[58],"application":[59],"using":[60],"Knowledge":[61],"Engineering":[62],"Environment":[63],"(KEE)":[64],"supporting":[66],"critical":[69],"subproblem\u2014crude-oil":[70],"evaluation\u2014is":[71],"presented.":[72],"Some":[73],"lessons":[76],"learned":[77],"from":[78],"this":[79],"research":[80],"project,":[81],"methodological":[82],"issues,":[83],"and":[84],"promising":[85],"future":[86],"directions":[87],"DSS":[89],"design":[90],"are":[91],"outlined.":[92],"Copyright":[93],"\u00a9":[94],"1999":[95],"John":[96],"Wiley":[97],"&":[98],"Sons,":[99],"Ltd.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
