{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2072399989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-111x(199910)14:10<1021::aid-int5>3.0.co;2-e","title":"Formal specification of beliefs in multi-agent systems","display_name":"Formal specification of beliefs in multi-agent systems","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2072399989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-111x(199910)14:10<1021::aid-int5>3.0.co;2-e","mag":"2072399989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-111x(199910)14:10<1021::aid-int5>3.0.co;2-e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-111x(199910)14:10<1021::aid-int5>3.0.co;2-e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048258273","display_name":"Massimo Benerecetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4664-6061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Benerecetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIST-Universita\u0300 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13-16146 Genoa, Italy","DIST\u2010Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13\u201016146 Genoa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIST-Universita\u0300 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13-16146 Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIST\u2010Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13\u201016146 Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004609930","display_name":"Enrico Giunchiglia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5758-2556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83816512","display_name":"University of Genoa","ror":"https://ror.org/0107c5v14","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Giunchiglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIST-Universita\u0300 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13-16146 Genoa, Italy","DIST\u2010Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13\u201016146 Genoa, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIST-Universita\u0300 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13-16146 Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIST\u2010Universit\u00e0 di Genova, Viale Causa, 13\u201016146 Genoa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023894100","display_name":"Luciano Serafini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-1031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097842","display_name":"Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica Applicata al Mare","ror":"https://ror.org/014cycx13","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097842"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Serafini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pante\u0300 di Povo - 38050 Trento, Italy","Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pant\u00e8 di Povo \u2010 38050 Trento, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pante\u0300 di Povo - 38050 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097842"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pant\u00e8 di Povo \u2010 38050 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097842"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086483871","display_name":"Adolfo Villafiorita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2357-2146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097842","display_name":"Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica Applicata al Mare","ror":"https://ror.org/014cycx13","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097842"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adolfo Villafiorita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pante\u0300 di Povo - 38050 Trento, Italy","Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pant\u00e8 di Povo \u2010 38050 Trento, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pante\u0300 di Povo - 38050 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097842"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto per la Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (IRST), Loc. Pant\u00e8 di Povo \u2010 38050 Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097842"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004609930"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83816512"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5098,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74925257,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"1021","last_page":"1040"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.754817008972168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6700208783149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.598284900188446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5818830132484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extensional-definition","display_name":"Extensional definition","score":0.5814210176467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presentation","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","score":0.560431182384491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5278793573379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-inference","display_name":"Rule of inference","score":0.44844043254852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-system","display_name":"Multi-agent system","score":0.44710028171539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42186790704727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3661653399467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.33367112278938293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2604970932006836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.754817008972168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6700208783149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.598284900188446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5818830132484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136137745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19515659","display_name":"Extensional definition","level":3,"score":0.5814210176467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.560431182384491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5278793573379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3746660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068763","display_name":"Rule of inference","level":2,"score":0.44844043254852295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.44710028171539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42186790704727173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3661653399467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.33367112278938293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2604970932006836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-111x(199910)14:10<1021::aid-int5>3.0.co;2-e","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-111x(199910)14:10<1021::aid-int5>3.0.co;2-e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57950554","display_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","issn_l":"0884-8173","issn":["0884-8173","1098-111X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Intelligent Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488538795","https://openalex.org/W1555476679","https://openalex.org/W1819142276","https://openalex.org/W1864286575","https://openalex.org/W1994227541","https://openalex.org/W2012792978","https://openalex.org/W2033580933","https://openalex.org/W2057858426","https://openalex.org/W2099143991","https://openalex.org/W2146819619","https://openalex.org/W2431139695","https://openalex.org/W2525786140","https://openalex.org/W3140030144","https://openalex.org/W4210411973","https://openalex.org/W6633128611"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2476423741","https://openalex.org/W1997480541","https://openalex.org/W2048494504","https://openalex.org/W38628683","https://openalex.org/W2028415426","https://openalex.org/W3088671735","https://openalex.org/W1746605173","https://openalex.org/W2172284483","https://openalex.org/W83784756","https://openalex.org/W2051408476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,23,51,84],"goal":[1],"of":[2,14,30,33,39,47,58,62,93],"this":[3,115],"paper":[4],"is":[5,25,71],"to":[6,113],"present":[7],"a":[8,19,28,44,55,80],"logical":[9],"framework":[10,86],"for":[11,88],"the":[12,40,127],"formalization":[13],"agents'":[15],"mutual":[16],"beliefs":[17,34,59],"in":[18,60,102,107,124,126],"Multi":[20,48,81,103,118],"Agent":[21,104,119],"system.":[22,83],"approach":[24],"based":[26],"on":[27],"combination":[29],"extensional":[31,52],"specifications":[32,41],"and":[35],"context-based":[36],"(finite)":[37],"presentation":[38,70],"by":[42,73],"employing":[43],"particular":[45],"class":[46],"Context":[49,82],"systems.":[50],"specification":[53,128],"provides":[54],"set-theoretic":[56],"characterization":[57],"terms":[61],"sets":[63],"closed":[64],"under":[65],"certain":[66],"conditions.":[67],"Its":[68],"finite":[69],"provided":[72],"using":[74],"as":[75],"constructors":[76],"inference":[77],"rules":[78],"inside":[79],"resulting":[85],"allows":[87],"capturing":[89],"many":[90],"relevant":[91],"cases":[92],"real":[94,108],"(not":[95],"omniscient)":[96],"agents,":[97],"which":[98],"are":[99,121],"very":[100],"common":[101],"scenarios":[105,120],"embedded":[106],"world":[109],"environments.":[110],"In":[111],"order":[112],"substantiate":[114],"claim,":[116],"two":[117],"formally":[122],"specified":[123],"detail":[125],"framework.":[129],"\u00a91999":[130],"John":[131],"Wiley":[132],"&":[133],"Sons,":[134],"Inc.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}