{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4248756695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199611)47:11<801::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-6","title":"Introduction and overview","display_name":"Introduction and overview","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4248756695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199611)47:11<801::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199611)47:11<801::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199611)47:11<801::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067408872","display_name":"Howard Besser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Howard Besser","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, 300 West Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1092"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, 300 West Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1092","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059404026","display_name":"Stacey Donahue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacey Donahue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information, 300 West Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1092"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information, 300 West Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1092","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067408872"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"11","first_page":"801","last_page":"804"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10712","display_name":"Library Science and Information Literacy","score":0.9319999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10712","display_name":"Library Science and Information Literacy","score":0.9319999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12863","display_name":"Web and Library Services","score":0.9035999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-west","display_name":"North west","score":0.4759378433227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-studies","display_name":"Media studies","score":0.4457653760910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/town-hall","display_name":"Town hall","score":0.4393455982208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lecture-hall","display_name":"Lecture hall","score":0.42071279883384705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.4064411222934723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.35224074125289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.24693483114242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/archaeology","display_name":"Archaeology","score":0.18512848019599915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.15649273991584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.0832543671131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.06487613916397095}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017853928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11114344","display_name":"North west","level":2,"score":0.4759378433227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.4457653760910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992184231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25550691","display_name":"Town hall","level":3,"score":0.4393455982208252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776568719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253275","display_name":"Lecture hall","level":2,"score":0.42071279883384705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4064411222934723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.35224074125289917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.24693483114242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.18512848019599915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.15649273991584778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0832543671131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.06487613916397095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778719706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501447","display_name":"Local government","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199611)47:11<801::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199611)47:11<801::aid-asi1>3.0.co;2-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309644","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309652","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310049","display_name":"W.K. Kellogg Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03gtcr185"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2740862267","https://openalex.org/W2128851370","https://openalex.org/W4252714796","https://openalex.org/W218006509","https://openalex.org/W4254046048","https://openalex.org/W3175194050","https://openalex.org/W2332076371","https://openalex.org/W1861153803","https://openalex.org/W2472704349","https://openalex.org/W2078791310"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}