{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2054306921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199309)44:8<480::aid-asi7>3.0.co;2-b","title":"Users, user interfaces, and objects: Envision, a digital library","display_name":"Users, user interfaces, and objects: Envision, a digital library","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2054306921","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199309)44:8<480::aid-asi7>3.0.co;2-b","mag":"2054306921"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199309)44:8<480::aid-asi7>3.0.co;2-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199309)44:8<480::aid-asi7>3.0.co;2-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049148461","display_name":"Edward A. Fox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1447-6870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edward A. Fox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111526853","display_name":"Deborah Hix","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deborah Hix","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041666965","display_name":"Lucy Nowell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucy T. Nowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034305386","display_name":"Dennis J. Brueni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis J. Brueni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026506246","display_name":"W. C. Wake","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William C. Wake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057291575","display_name":"Lenwood S. Heath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1608-431X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lenwood S. Heath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061\u20100106","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111386124","display_name":"Durgesh Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Durgesh Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for Software Technology, Juhu, Bombay 400049, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for Software Technology, Juhu, Bombay 400049, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049148461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.6708,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99214943,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"8","first_page":"480","last_page":"491"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12720","display_name":"Multimedia Communication and Technology","score":0.9430999755859375,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12720","display_name":"Multimedia Communication and Technology","score":0.9430999755859375,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9369000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7764127254486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7577444314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacing","display_name":"Interfacing","score":0.6723825335502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.6206070184707642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-library","display_name":"Digital library","score":0.61090487241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.5583368539810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formative-assessment","display_name":"Formative assessment","score":0.5520473122596741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.5207304954528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.44053250551223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.42648977041244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4245935082435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.41788822412490845}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7764127254486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7577444314956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776303644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1020499","display_name":"Interfacing","level":2,"score":0.6723825335502625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.6206070184707642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513874922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212805","display_name":"Digital library","level":3,"score":0.61090487241745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5583368539810181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.5520473122596741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.5207304954528809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.44053250551223755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.42648977041244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4245935082435608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.41788822412490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164913051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q482","display_name":"Poetry","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199309)44:8<480::aid-asi7>3.0.co;2-b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199309)44:8<480::aid-asi7>3.0.co;2-b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307930","display_name":"Interface","ror":"https://ror.org/04nvtmr42"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136647108","https://openalex.org/W2350029007","https://openalex.org/W2152662857","https://openalex.org/W1965180958","https://openalex.org/W1973428399","https://openalex.org/W2182594080","https://openalex.org/W2484987020","https://openalex.org/W609482051","https://openalex.org/W2017757432","https://openalex.org/W2421729868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Project":[0],"Envision":[1,93],"aims":[2],"to":[3,43,54,73,85,105,121,131,139,152],"build":[4],"a":[5,132,140],"\u201cuser-centered":[6],"database":[7],"from":[8,119],"the":[9,15,18,92],"computer":[10,38],"science":[11],"literature,\u201d":[12],"initially":[13],"using":[14],"publications":[16],"of":[17,46,49,63,91,117,142,156],"Association":[19],"for":[20,99,145],"Computing":[21],"Machinery":[22],"(ACM).":[23],"Accordingly,":[24],"we":[25,149],"have":[26,66,150],"interviewed":[27],"potential":[28],"users,":[29],"as":[30,32],"well":[31,83],"experts":[33],"in":[34],"library,":[35],"information,":[36],"and":[37,53,59,77,97,107,114,159],"science\u2014to":[39],"understand":[40],"their":[41,47,56],"needs,":[42],"become":[44],"aware":[45],"perception":[48],"existing":[50],"information":[51,118],"systems,":[52],"collect":[55],"recommendations.":[57],"Design":[58],"formative":[60],"usability":[61,87],"evaluation":[62],"our":[64,86],"interface":[65],"been":[67],"based":[68],"on":[69],"those":[70],"interviews,":[71],"leading":[72,128],"innovative":[74],"query":[75],"formulation":[76],"search":[78],"results":[79],"screens":[80],"that":[81,110],"work":[82,104],"according":[84],"testing.":[88],"Our":[89],"development":[90],"database,":[94],"system":[95],"software,":[96],"protocol":[98],"client-server":[100],"communication":[101,116],"builds":[102],"upon":[103],"identify":[106],"represent":[108],"\u201cobjects\u201d":[109],"will":[111],"facilitate":[112],"reuse":[113],"high-level":[115],"author":[120],"reader":[122],"(user).":[123],"All":[124],"these":[125],"efforts":[126],"are":[127],"not":[129],"only":[130],"usable":[133],"prototype":[134],"digital":[135,146],"library":[136],"but":[137],"also":[138],"set":[141],"nine":[143],"principles":[144],"libraries,":[147],"which":[148],"tried":[151],"follow,":[153],"covering":[154],"issues":[155],"representation,":[157],"architecture,":[158],"interfacing.":[160],"\u00a9":[161],"1993":[162],"John":[163],"Wiley":[164],"&":[165],"Sons,":[166],"Inc.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
