{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055755258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199110)42:9<657::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-7","title":"Conceptual organization and retrieval of text by historians: The role of memory and metaphor","display_name":"Conceptual organization and retrieval of text by historians: The role of memory and metaphor","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055755258","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199110)42:9<657::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-7","mag":"2055755258"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199110)42:9<657::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199110)42:9<657::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028633633","display_name":"Donald O. Case","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5137-5804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Donald Owen Case","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Library and Information Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028633633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9326826,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"9","first_page":"657","last_page":"668"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metaphor","display_name":"Metaphor","score":0.7304375171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.6499328017234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6385907530784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.5464975237846375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5049217343330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.4890035390853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.47273552417755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-models-of-information-retrieval","display_name":"Cognitive models of information retrieval","score":0.4404556453227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4391896426677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.4272676706314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.41600707173347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.37084999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.3413159251213074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.270956814289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-information-retrieval","display_name":"Human\u2013computer information retrieval","score":0.17848989367485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.1601381003856659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14734190702438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.14119777083396912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13240709900856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.12320283055305481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778311575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534","display_name":"Metaphor","level":2,"score":0.7304375171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6499328017234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6385907530784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5464975237846375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5049217343330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.4890035390853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.47273552417755127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21025794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141219","display_name":"Cognitive models of information retrieval","level":4,"score":0.4404556453227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4391896426677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4272676706314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.41600707173347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.37084999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3413159251213074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.270956814289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90288658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3318149","display_name":"Human\u2013computer information retrieval","level":3,"score":0.17848989367485046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1601381003856659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14734190702438354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.14119777083396912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13240709900856018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.12320283055305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199110)42:9<657::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199110)42:9<657::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171201030","https://openalex.org/W241972833","https://openalex.org/W263005242","https://openalex.org/W266716723","https://openalex.org/W345384341","https://openalex.org/W1511197298","https://openalex.org/W1552059681","https://openalex.org/W1559357755","https://openalex.org/W1569083853","https://openalex.org/W1571690311","https://openalex.org/W1778685146","https://openalex.org/W1963667679","https://openalex.org/W1972929068","https://openalex.org/W1974170312","https://openalex.org/W1977363797","https://openalex.org/W1978429277","https://openalex.org/W1979866576","https://openalex.org/W1984565341","https://openalex.org/W1988673299","https://openalex.org/W2000910826","https://openalex.org/W2002134538","https://openalex.org/W2008604148","https://openalex.org/W2009298222","https://openalex.org/W2011361905","https://openalex.org/W2012451109","https://openalex.org/W2017483902","https://openalex.org/W2020713996","https://openalex.org/W2023607146","https://openalex.org/W2026973491","https://openalex.org/W2027280740","https://openalex.org/W2048340175","https://openalex.org/W2052417512","https://openalex.org/W2052607676","https://openalex.org/W2063182738","https://openalex.org/W2065001417","https://openalex.org/W2066766178","https://openalex.org/W2076976023","https://openalex.org/W2088823808","https://openalex.org/W2091951525","https://openalex.org/W2101741151","https://openalex.org/W2147859400","https://openalex.org/W2156492599","https://openalex.org/W2164558494","https://openalex.org/W2329395632","https://openalex.org/W2512392724","https://openalex.org/W2912944677","https://openalex.org/W3022135529","https://openalex.org/W3035258717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593456883","https://openalex.org/W2369400006","https://openalex.org/W1601219286","https://openalex.org/W3122129390","https://openalex.org/W2048387401","https://openalex.org/W2593088329","https://openalex.org/W1994559819","https://openalex.org/W2497850700","https://openalex.org/W189344469","https://openalex.org/W1966758856"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"electronic":[1],"text":[2],"files":[3],"increase":[4],"in":[5,45,59,95,150,155,168],"number":[6],"and":[7,31,41,48,83,103,116,125,134,143],"diversity,":[8],"the":[9,52,55,104,110,156,177],"problem":[10],"of":[11,54,67,90,97,101,107,112,118,159,166],"devising":[12],"a":[13,73,88],"more":[14,20],"effective":[15],"information":[16,49,160],"retrieval":[17,117],"interface":[18],"grows":[19],"important.":[21],"Future":[22],"designs":[23],"may":[24],"draw":[25],"upon":[26],"cognitive":[27,46],"theories":[28],"at":[29],"categorization":[30],"metaphor":[32],"to":[33,131,190],"understand":[34],"how":[35,77],"users":[36],"interact":[37],"with":[38],"text\u2014both":[39],"paper":[40],"electronic.":[42],"Relevant":[43],"literature":[44],"psychology":[47],"science":[50],"suggests":[51],"importance":[53,111],"user's":[56],"physical":[57,140],"environment":[58],"thinking":[60],"about":[61],"abstract":[62],"entities,":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65,182,184],"categories":[66,127],"documents.":[68,119],"Empirical":[69],"studies":[70,100],"have":[71],"established":[72],"basis":[74],"for":[75,114,179],"understanding":[76],"we":[78],"think":[79],"about,":[80],"file,":[81],"remember,":[82],"locate":[84],"text.":[85],"Results":[86],"from":[87],"study":[89,121],"20":[91],"historians\u2014an":[92],"exemplary":[93],"group":[94],"terms":[96],"their":[98,108,169],"close":[99],"texts":[102],"broad":[105],"scope":[106],"inquiries\u2014imply":[109],"metaphors":[113,124],"storage":[115,153],"The":[120],"found":[122],"that":[123,188],"subjective":[126],"were":[128],"frequently":[129],"applied":[130],"documents":[132],"collected":[133],"created":[135],"by":[136],"these":[137],"scholars.":[138],"Two":[139],"factors\u2014spatial":[141],"configuration":[142],"document":[144,152],"form\u2014were":[145],"often":[146],"considered":[147],"before":[148],"topic":[149],"determining":[151],"locations":[154],"office.":[157],"Developers":[158],"systems":[161],"should":[162],"consider":[163,175],"qualitative":[164],"aspects":[165],"cognition":[167],"designs.":[170],"System":[171],"developers":[172],"might":[173],"also":[174],"segmenting":[176],"audience":[178],"computer":[180],"interfaces,":[181],"well":[183],"designing":[185],"generic":[186],"tools":[187],"apply":[189],"all":[191],"users.":[192],"\u00a9":[193],"1991":[194],"John":[195],"Wiley":[196],"&":[197],"Sons,":[198],"Inc.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}