{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2003227311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198609)37:5<300::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w","title":"Information processes. I. Hierarchical information systems","display_name":"Information processes. I. Hierarchical information systems","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2003227311","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198609)37:5<300::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w","mag":"2003227311"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198609)37:5<300::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198609)37:5<300::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015408922","display_name":"Dennis Hollenberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Hollenberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["1712 NW 58th St., \u201cA\u201d Seattle, WA 98107"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1712 NW 58th St., \u201cA\u201d Seattle, WA 98107","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015408922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1775,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82202338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"5","first_page":"300","last_page":"306"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11270","display_name":"Complex Systems and Time Series Analysis","score":0.958899974822998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.6682435274124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6205324530601501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-system","display_name":"Information system","score":0.5139426589012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5073668360710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4789886474609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4643568992614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.46346938610076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.45248961448669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.37659603357315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2241705060005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12988436222076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10192409157752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.10081848502159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09506195783615112}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.6682435274124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6205324530601501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.5139426589012146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5073668360710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4789886474609375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4643568992614746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.46346938610076904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.45248961448669434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.37659603357315063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2241705060005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12988436222076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10192409157752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.10081848502159119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09506195783615112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198609)37:5<300::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198609)37:5<300::aid-asi4>3.0.co;2-w","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W227636185","https://openalex.org/W580077164","https://openalex.org/W595433971","https://openalex.org/W1514991403","https://openalex.org/W1766902308","https://openalex.org/W1949486365","https://openalex.org/W1964137952","https://openalex.org/W2006489550","https://openalex.org/W2034143692","https://openalex.org/W2038625000","https://openalex.org/W2039797866","https://openalex.org/W2042056652","https://openalex.org/W2047868398","https://openalex.org/W2072405721","https://openalex.org/W2318648106","https://openalex.org/W2320877103","https://openalex.org/W2753533763","https://openalex.org/W2914080716","https://openalex.org/W2993383518","https://openalex.org/W3084281059","https://openalex.org/W3126815372","https://openalex.org/W4230726127","https://openalex.org/W4233719240","https://openalex.org/W4235382474","https://openalex.org/W4253799116","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6610212626","https://openalex.org/W6648982606","https://openalex.org/W6653967188","https://openalex.org/W6668562187","https://openalex.org/W6673457333","https://openalex.org/W6764300874","https://openalex.org/W6820721518","https://openalex.org/W6834713198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4300450609","https://openalex.org/W4386931570","https://openalex.org/W2391010541","https://openalex.org/W2357367123","https://openalex.org/W4388930439","https://openalex.org/W2387276901","https://openalex.org/W2385953334","https://openalex.org/W2351303360","https://openalex.org/W3134118520","https://openalex.org/W2349223072"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,76],"population-dynamics":[1],"model":[2,87],"of":[3,44,79,88,105],"a":[4,31,37,66,86],"general":[5],"information-processing":[6],"system":[7,11,68],"is":[8,12,63,85,98],"introduced.":[9],"This":[10],"functionally":[13],"coupled":[14],"to":[15],"two":[16],"environments,":[17],"one":[18,21],"internal":[19],"and":[20,62],"external,":[22],"which":[23,92],"comprise":[24],"the":[25,34,42,72,89,103],"environage.":[26],"G\u00f6del's":[27],"incompleteness":[28],"theorem":[29],"provides":[30],"basis":[32],"for":[33,41],"hypothesis":[35],"that":[36,106],"single":[38],"phenomenon":[39],"accounts":[40],"increase":[43],"information":[45,51,54,84],"with":[46],"time":[47],"in":[48,71,91,102],"all":[49],"natural":[50],"systems.":[52],"Each":[53],"system,":[55],"inherently":[56],"incomplete,":[57],"saturates":[58],"its":[59],"external":[60,74],"environment":[61],"superseded":[64],"by":[65],"new":[67,73],"more":[69],"apt":[70],"environment.":[75],"functional":[77],"hierarchy":[78],"such":[80],"systems":[81],"results.":[82],"Because":[83],"environage":[90],"it":[93],"was":[94],"formed,":[95],"information's":[96],"\u201cmeaning\u201d":[97],"intrinsic,":[99],"but":[100],"only":[101],"context":[104],"domain.":[107],"\u00a9":[108],"1986":[109],"John":[110],"Wiley":[111],"&":[112],"Sons,":[113],"Inc.":[114]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}