{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967567728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","title":"Observations of end-user online searching behavior over eleven years","display_name":"Observations of end-user online searching behavior over eleven years","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967567728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","mag":"1967567728","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10300953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-4571%28198607%2937%3A4%3C234%3A%3AAID-ASI9%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-4571%28198607%2937%3A4%3C234%3A%3AAID-ASI9%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014386931","display_name":"Winifred Sewell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Winifred Sewell","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742","University of Maryland, College Park"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland, College Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079846099","display_name":"Sandra Teitelbaum","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Teitelbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Welch Medical Library, Baltimore, MD 21205","Welch Medical Library, Baltimore, MD#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Welch Medical Library, Baltimore, MD 21205","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Welch Medical Library, Baltimore, MD#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014386931"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.0842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99452697,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"4","first_page":"234","last_page":"245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11813","display_name":"Library Collection Development and Digital Resources","score":0.9688000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.680036723613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-log","display_name":"Transaction log","score":0.6791017651557922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6785601377487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-user","display_name":"End user","score":0.6157911419868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5760517716407776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4986858367919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4828374981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.435477614402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-library","display_name":"National library","score":0.4101182222366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.4075438678264618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.19894620776176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.11604726314544678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.680036723613739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2212953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q948454","display_name":"Transaction log","level":3,"score":0.6791017651557922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6785601377487183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91262260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528074","display_name":"End user","level":2,"score":0.6157911419868469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5760517716407776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4986858367919922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4828374981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.435477614402771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994543612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22806","display_name":"National library","level":2,"score":0.4101182222366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.4075438678264618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.19894620776176453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.11604726314544678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008396","descriptor_name":"Maryland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008396","descriptor_name":"Maryland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008396","descriptor_name":"Maryland","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008523","descriptor_name":"MEDLARS","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008523","descriptor_name":"MEDLARS","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008523","descriptor_name":"MEDLARS","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009317","descriptor_name":"National Library of Medicine (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009317","descriptor_name":"National Library of Medicine (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009317","descriptor_name":"National Library of Medicine (U.S.)","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010336","descriptor_name":"Pathology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010336","descriptor_name":"Pathology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010336","descriptor_name":"Pathology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010604","descriptor_name":"Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010604","descriptor_name":"Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010604","descriptor_name":"Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012577","descriptor_name":"Schools, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012577","descriptor_name":"Schools, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012577","descriptor_name":"Schools, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012580","descriptor_name":"Schools, Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012580","descriptor_name":"Schools, Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012580","descriptor_name":"Schools, Pharmacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013663","descriptor_name":"Teaching","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013663","descriptor_name":"Teaching","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013663","descriptor_name":"Teaching","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-4571%28198607%2937%3A4%3C234%3A%3AAID-ASI9%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10300953","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10300953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science. American Society for Information Science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(198607)37:4<234::aid-asi9>3.0.co;2-a","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-4571%28198607%2937%3A4%3C234%3A%3AAID-ASI9%3E3.0.CO%3B2-A","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220780","display_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","issn_l":"0002-8231","issn":["0002-8231","1097-4571"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society for Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1967567728.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34587101","https://openalex.org/W76702916","https://openalex.org/W181461561","https://openalex.org/W189700521","https://openalex.org/W213650247","https://openalex.org/W247563720","https://openalex.org/W248849096","https://openalex.org/W278771971","https://openalex.org/W297371824","https://openalex.org/W1485812939","https://openalex.org/W1498197492","https://openalex.org/W1839203955","https://openalex.org/W1964653871","https://openalex.org/W1966272968","https://openalex.org/W1980056150","https://openalex.org/W1980096104","https://openalex.org/W1985861836","https://openalex.org/W1993067178","https://openalex.org/W2002731617","https://openalex.org/W2006080229","https://openalex.org/W2008220573","https://openalex.org/W2015107935","https://openalex.org/W2019103738","https://openalex.org/W2027941969","https://openalex.org/W2035248288","https://openalex.org/W2036249604","https://openalex.org/W2039950197","https://openalex.org/W2050534144","https://openalex.org/W2053507957","https://openalex.org/W2055612636","https://openalex.org/W2065764667","https://openalex.org/W2067624846","https://openalex.org/W2067693354","https://openalex.org/W2069315482","https://openalex.org/W2070630456","https://openalex.org/W2079779420","https://openalex.org/W2089470260","https://openalex.org/W2097962988","https://openalex.org/W2102439214","https://openalex.org/W2120144543","https://openalex.org/W2133990195","https://openalex.org/W2134973070","https://openalex.org/W2137139143","https://openalex.org/W2163478907","https://openalex.org/W2168062270","https://openalex.org/W2267209099","https://openalex.org/W2293312448","https://openalex.org/W2319450384","https://openalex.org/W2403350476","https://openalex.org/W2412361920","https://openalex.org/W2437141456","https://openalex.org/W2462758116","https://openalex.org/W2464374653","https://openalex.org/W3002980659","https://openalex.org/W4236181252","https://openalex.org/W4248278493","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302201834","https://openalex.org/W6607712717","https://openalex.org/W6675586518","https://openalex.org/W6682991136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4248389398","https://openalex.org/W2357241418","https://openalex.org/W2608853168","https://openalex.org/W4238075012","https://openalex.org/W2086064646","https://openalex.org/W4205335195","https://openalex.org/W2969097866","https://openalex.org/W2154665188","https://openalex.org/W2898868367"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"End-user":[0],"searching":[1,49],"of":[2,5,35,43,48,57,68,77,129,140,147],"National":[3],"Library":[4],"Medicine":[6],"(NLM)":[7],"online":[8],"data":[9],"bases":[10],"during":[11],"eleven":[12],"years":[13],"has":[14],"been":[15],"investigated":[16],"through":[17,26],"transaction":[18],"logs,":[19],"questionnaires,":[20],"and":[21,29,79,118,127,142],"follow-up":[22],"interviews.":[23],"From":[24],"1976":[25],"1984,":[27],"pathologists":[28,80],"pharmacists":[30,78],"performed":[31],"8,313":[32],"searches.":[33,101,153],"Highlights":[34],"our":[36],"studies":[37],"are":[38,116],"compared":[39],"with":[40,114,124,135,159],"a":[41],"review":[42],"other":[44],"end-user":[45],"research.":[46],"Volume":[47],"is":[50,156],"directly":[51],"related":[52],"to":[53],"the":[54,58,61,110,125,130,136,161],"convenient":[55],"placement":[56],"terminal":[59],"in":[60,84,150,166],"work":[62],"place.":[63],"Slightly":[64],"fewer":[65,117],"than":[66,95,122],"half":[67],"all":[69],"potential":[70],"searchers":[71,88],"actually":[72],"search":[73],"for":[74],"themselves.":[75],"Practices":[76],"do":[81,96],"not":[82],"differ":[83],"important":[85],"ways.":[86],"Nonmediated":[87],"feel":[89],"they":[90],"need":[91],"answers":[92],"more":[93,119],"promptly":[94],"those":[97,123],"who":[98],"obtain":[99],"mediated":[100],"End-users":[102],"perform":[103],"very":[104],"simple":[105],"searches,":[106],"mostly":[107],"using":[108],"only":[109],"AND":[111],"operator.":[112],"Problems":[113],"techniques":[115],"easily":[120],"solved":[121],"vocabulary":[126],"content":[128],"system.":[131],"The":[132],"major":[133],"problems,":[134],"most":[137,157,162],"powerful":[138],"capabilities":[139],"MEDLINE--subheadings":[141],"explosions--sometimes":[143],"cause":[144],"substantial":[145],"loss":[146],"references,":[148],"but":[149],"relatively":[151],"few":[152],"One-on-one":[154],"teaching":[155],"popular,":[158],"trial-and-error":[160],"frequent":[163],"procedure":[164],"used":[165],"actual":[167],"learning.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
