{"id":"https://openalex.org/W987193343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100180","title":"Designing Touch Screen Numeric Keypads: Effects of Finger Size, Key Size, and Key Spacing","display_name":"Designing Touch Screen Numeric Keypads: Effects of Finger Size, Key Size, and Key Spacing","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W987193343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100180","mag":"987193343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/107118139704100180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100180","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176815","display_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","issn_l":"0163-5182","issn":["0163-5182","1071-1813","1541-9312","2169-5067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011605603","display_name":"Brenda M. Scott","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brenda Scott","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation Raleigh, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation Raleigh, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079737448","display_name":"Vincent C. Conzola","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Conzola","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Corporation Raleigh, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Corporation Raleigh, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17170418,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"360","last_page":"364"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9448000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.05079999938607216,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finger-size","display_name":"finger size","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-size","display_name":"key size","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.871999979019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780140372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2009740","display_name":"Keypad","level":2,"score":0.9454983472824097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.8803262710571289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.764640212059021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6317198872566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4880124628543854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4575352966785431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3751519024372101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3365190625190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20069843530654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19376999139785767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17209026217460632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06195175647735596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/107118139704100180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100180","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100180","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176815","display_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","issn_l":"0163-5182","issn":["0163-5182","1071-1813","1541-9312","2169-5067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031552220","https://openalex.org/W2134957858","https://openalex.org/W2158685692","https://openalex.org/W2320876499","https://openalex.org/W2328886576","https://openalex.org/W4239127880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2134957858","https://openalex.org/W1981175587","https://openalex.org/W2180993591","https://openalex.org/W4239215601","https://openalex.org/W1882909800","https://openalex.org/W2615474858","https://openalex.org/W2025998677","https://openalex.org/W1996575507","https://openalex.org/W1950447554","https://openalex.org/W2133202110"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Designing":[0],"numeric":[1],"keypads":[2],"for":[3,25,55,112],"point-of-sale":[4,121],"devices":[5,35],"to":[6,30,38],"optimize":[7],"keying":[8,50,63,97],"speed":[9,51,98],"and":[10,36,52,99,109],"accuracy":[11,100],"while":[12],"efficiently":[13],"utilizing":[14],"touch":[15,26,116],"screen":[16,117],"real":[17],"estate":[18],"is":[19],"a":[20,60],"challenge.":[21],"Existing":[22],"design":[23,114],"guidelines":[24],"screens":[27],"are":[28,123],"applicable":[29],"only":[31],"specific":[32],"classes":[33],"of":[34,75,89,115],"fail":[37],"consider":[39],"user":[40,118],"variables":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"finger":[44,104],"size.":[45],"The":[46],"present":[47],"study":[48],"investigated":[49],"error":[53],"rates":[54],"various":[56],"keypad":[57,84],"configurations":[58],"in":[59,83,96,120],"simulated":[61],"retail":[62],"task.":[64],"Finger":[65],"sizes":[66],"were":[67,92,101],"taken":[68],"into":[69],"account.":[70],"Results":[71],"support":[72],"the":[73,113],"use":[74],"compressed":[76],"(2":[77],"mm":[78],"or":[79],"less)":[80],"interkey":[81],"spacing":[82],"designs.":[85],"No":[86],"significant":[87],"effects":[88],"key":[90],"size":[91,105],"found.":[93],"Gender":[94],"differences":[95,106],"explained":[102],"by":[103],"between":[107],"males":[108],"females.":[110],"Implications":[111],"interfaces":[119],"applications":[122],"discussed.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}