{"id":"https://openalex.org/W98109560","doi":null,"title":"Clinical trial of a low-fluoride toothpaste for young children.","display_name":"Clinical trial of a low-fluoride toothpaste for young children.","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W98109560","mag":"98109560","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2691402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:2691402","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2691402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International dental journal","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108247183","display_name":"G B Winter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157535","display_name":"Eastman Dental Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/055jskg35","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713","https://openalex.org/I4210157535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G B Winter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Dental Surgery, Eastman Dental Hospital, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Dental Surgery, Eastman Dental Hospital, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103638956","display_name":"Ruth D. Holt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R D Holt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"B F Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B F Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7594,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":74,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94069747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"4","first_page":"227","last_page":"35"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10368","display_name":"Dental Health and Care Utilization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10257","display_name":"Oral microbiology and periodontitis research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3506","display_name":"Periodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11969","display_name":"Fluoride Effects and Removal","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluoride-concentration","display_name":"fluoride concentration","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-caries-prevention","display_name":"dental caries prevention","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-children","display_name":"young children","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-year-old-children","display_name":"two-year-old children","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dental-plaque","display_name":"dental plaque","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rampant-caries","display_name":"rampant caries","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caries-free-children","display_name":"caries-free children","score":0.4059999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776866151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35855","display_name":"Toothpaste","level":2,"score":0.9676746129989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.740140438079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6916948556900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.495776504278183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185017772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5259487","display_name":"Dentifrice","level":3,"score":0.4631931185722351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780828025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44793182","display_name":"Fluoride","level":2,"score":0.4425264000892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06989091634750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0694284737110138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003731","descriptor_name":"Dental Caries","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003774","descriptor_name":"Dental Plaque Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003802","descriptor_name":"Dentifrices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004245","descriptor_name":"DMF Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004739","descriptor_name":"England","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005459","descriptor_name":"Fluorides","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005459","descriptor_name":"Fluorides","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010710","descriptor_name":"Phosphates","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012923","descriptor_name":"Social Class","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012969","descriptor_name":"Sodium Fluoride","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014100","descriptor_name":"Toothpastes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:2691402","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2691402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International dental journal","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"},{"id":"mag:98109560","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2691402","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W48386740","https://openalex.org/W2142993883","https://openalex.org/W2098733128","https://openalex.org/W6987573946","https://openalex.org/W2143166863","https://openalex.org/W1969338297","https://openalex.org/W2346828001","https://openalex.org/W1981457914","https://openalex.org/W2150212254","https://openalex.org/W47629180"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,111],"double-blind":[2],"trial,":[3],"the":[4,40,64,108,114,132,143],"anticaries":[5,127],"effectiveness":[6],"of":[7,23,46,80,110,131,142,153,175],"a":[8,24,56,125],"test":[9,96],"toothpaste":[10,27,47,116],"formulated":[11],"for":[12],"young":[13],"children":[14,36,65,92],"with":[15,21,117],"550":[16,118],"ppm":[17,30,119],"F":[18],"was":[19],"compared":[20],"that":[22,130],"positive":[25],"control":[26,98,133],"containing":[28],"1055":[29],"fluoride.":[31],"More":[32],"than":[33,62,155],"3000":[34],"2-year-old":[35],"were":[37,53,66,136],"enrolled":[38],"in":[39,101,104,138,164],"study":[41],"and":[42,58,72,145,172],"after":[43],"3":[44],"years":[45],"use,":[48],"2177":[49],"(72":[50],"per":[51,76],"cent)":[52,77],"examined.":[54],"From":[55],"clinical":[57,112],"radiographic":[59],"assessment,":[60],"more":[61,158],"half":[63],"found":[67],"to":[68,85,123,129,140,146],"be":[69,86],"caries":[70,102],"free":[71],"only":[73],"32":[74],"(1.5":[75],"had":[78,94,150,168],"evidence":[79],"rampant":[81],"caries.":[82],"There":[83],"appeared":[84],"little":[87],"or":[88,97,103],"no":[89],"difference":[90],"between":[91],"who":[93],"used":[95],"pastes,":[99],"either":[100],"plaque":[105,154],"levels.":[106],"On":[107],"basis":[109],"trial":[113],"experimental":[115],"fluoride":[120],"would":[121],"appear":[122],"have":[124],"similar":[126],"efficacy":[128],"toothpaste.":[134],"Differences":[135],"seen":[137],"relation":[139],"sex":[141],"child":[144],"social":[147,166],"class.":[148],"Girls":[149],"lower":[151,173],"levels":[152,174],"boys":[156],"but":[157],"carious":[159,170],"teeth.":[160],"Children":[161],"from":[162],"families":[163],"higher":[165],"classes":[167],"fewer":[169],"teeth":[171],"plaque.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
