{"id":"https://openalex.org/W980484117","doi":null,"title":"Europeanization of Polish Environmental Policy Based on Example of the Nitrate Directive","display_name":"Europeanization of Polish Environmental Policy Based on Example of the Nitrate Directive","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W980484117","mag":"980484117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eko:ekoeko:15_79","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ekonomia.wne.uw.edu.pl/ekonomia/getFile/599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070576640","display_name":"Zbigniew Karaczun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6971-275X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6971-275X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zbigniew Karaczun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Szko\u0142a  G\u0142\u00f3wna  Gospodarstwa  Wiejskiego  w  Warszawie"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Szko\u0142a  G\u0142\u00f3wna  Gospodarstwa  Wiejskiego  w  Warszawie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070576640"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"15","first_page":"79","last_page":"96"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13916","display_name":"Environmental Policies and Emissions","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12033","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Policy","score":0.00860000029206276,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/europeanization","display_name":"Europeanization","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-policy","display_name":"environmental policy","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrates-directive","display_name":"Nitrates Directive","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-integration","display_name":"European integration","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-accession","display_name":"EU accession","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poland","display_name":"Poland","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-pollution","display_name":"water pollution","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-environmental-policy","display_name":"EU environmental policy","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-implementation","display_name":"policy implementation","score":0.4909999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.49466273188591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.47977715730667114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.32683268189430237}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eko:ekoeko:15_79","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ekonomia.wne.uw.edu.pl/ekonomia/getFile/599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:1963559124","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/article/ekoekoeko/15_5f79.htm","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509028","display_name":"Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwo","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwo","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:980484117","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.ekon-element-000171257845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306509028","display_name":"Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwo","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ekonomia / Uniwersytet Warszawski","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538317284","https://openalex.org/W2020080962","https://openalex.org/W2046306773","https://openalex.org/W2079826218","https://openalex.org/W2094157407","https://openalex.org/W2102571295","https://openalex.org/W2137837847","https://openalex.org/W2151216279","https://openalex.org/W2161783098","https://openalex.org/W2562245948"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W989607619","https://openalex.org/W1173152108","https://openalex.org/W818317525","https://openalex.org/W973592651","https://openalex.org/W1963559124","https://openalex.org/W2522759744","https://openalex.org/W2780818994","https://openalex.org/W2979120773","https://openalex.org/W964977065","https://openalex.org/W988526037"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35,88,145],"paper":[1,183],"examines":[2],"how":[3,102],"the":[4,10,18,39,53,76,85,92,106,112,116,122,142,160,177,187,192,197,205,220],"process":[5,89,146,206],"of":[6,12,17,37,52,79,84,90,101,108,147,172,179,194,199],"European":[7,103,117,143,161],"integration":[8,104],"influences":[9,105],"development":[11,107,198],"Polish":[13,157,200],"environmental":[14,109,212,225],"policy.":[15],"One":[16],"Nitrate":[19,93],"Directive's":[20,40],"objectives":[21],"is":[22,42,68,75,97,191],"to":[23,30,63,155,159,169,185,218],"reduce":[24],"nitrate":[25],"emissions":[26],"from":[27],"agricultural":[28],"sources":[29],"groundwater":[31],"and":[32,121,163,222],"surface":[33],"water.":[34],"Implementation":[36],"all":[38],"requirements":[41,178],"a":[43,98,164],"difficult":[44],"task":[45],"therefore,":[46],"it":[47,131],"should":[48],"be":[49,138],"expected":[50],"thatmost":[51],"Accession":[54,113],"Countries":[55],"will":[56],"have":[57],"problems":[58],"with":[59,176],"establishing":[60],"efficient":[61],"measures":[62],"protect":[64],"water":[65],"resources.":[66],"It":[67],"especially":[69],"true":[70],"for":[71,81],"Poland,":[72],"as":[73,209,211],"agriculture":[74],"main":[77],"source":[78],"income":[80],"over":[82],"11%":[83],"country's":[86],"population.":[87],"implementing":[91],"Directive":[94],"in":[95,111,196],"Poland":[96,120,216],"good":[99],"example":[100],"policy":[110,213,226],"Countries.":[114],"When":[115],"Treaty":[118],"between":[119],"EU":[123,180,224],"came":[124],"into":[125],"force,":[126],"on":[127],"1st":[128],"February":[129],"1994,":[130],"became":[132],"clear":[133],"that":[134],"Poland's":[135],"activities":[136],"would":[137],"aimed":[139],"at":[140],"joining":[141],"Union.":[144],"creating":[148],"an":[149],"appropriate":[150],"institutional":[151],"structure":[152],"was":[153,167],"launched":[154],"facilitate":[156],"accession":[158],"Union":[162],"special":[165],"procedure":[166],"adopted":[168],"ensure":[170],"compliance":[171],"new":[173],"legal":[174],"regulations":[175],"legislation.":[181],"This":[182],"tries":[184],"answer":[186],"following":[188],"questions:":[189],"What":[190],"role":[193],"Europeanization":[195],"ecological":[201],"policy?":[202],"How":[203],"does":[204],"influence":[207],"administration":[208],"well":[210],"objectives?":[214,227],"Is":[215],"prepared":[217],"follow":[219],"present":[221],"future":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}