{"id":"https://openalex.org/W978563234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","title":"Introduction","display_name":"Introduction","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-03-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W978563234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","mag":"978563234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designing for Virtual Communities in the Service of Learning","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1979270983","display_name":"Designing for Virtual Communities in the Service of Learning"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109516073","display_name":"Sasha Alexander Barab","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sasha A. Barab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University","Indiana University. Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University. Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113502544","display_name":"Rob Kling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119109","display_name":"Indiana University Bloomington","ror":"https://ror.org/02k40bc56","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109","https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I592451","display_name":"Indiana University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kg8sb98","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Kling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indiana University","Indiana University. Bloomington"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I592451"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indiana University. Bloomington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119109"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037934112","display_name":"James H. Gray","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298353152","display_name":"SRI International","ror":"https://ror.org/05s570m15","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James H. Gray","raw_affiliation_strings":["SRI International, Stanford, California","SRI, International;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRI International, Stanford, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SRI, International;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298353152"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.9231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98837073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.3043999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.3043999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11466","display_name":"Innovative Education and Learning Practices","score":0.28049999475479126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.25099998712539673,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-based-learning","display_name":"community-based learning","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-of-learners","display_name":"community of learners","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-centered-learning","display_name":"student-centered learning","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-communities","display_name":"online communities","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-learning","display_name":"cooperative learning","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discourse-communities","display_name":"discourse communities","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-building-communities","display_name":"knowledge building communities","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communities-of-practice","display_name":"communities of practice","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-definition","display_name":"community definition","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-innovation","display_name":"educational innovation","score":0.5849999785423279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780596892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21493218","display_name":"Grossman","level":2,"score":0.9668107032775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6656519174575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39343751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1040098","display_name":"Learning community","level":2,"score":0.5334491729736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5036429762840271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4483920633792877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.39481648802757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3309972584247589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165556158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83937","display_name":"Keynesian economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511805080.005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306462995","display_name":"Cambridge University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Designing for Virtual Communities in the Service of Learning","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17480234","https://openalex.org/W156751731","https://openalex.org/W166661598","https://openalex.org/W227582628","https://openalex.org/W640617787","https://openalex.org/W1495086477","https://openalex.org/W1543830581","https://openalex.org/W1595891490","https://openalex.org/W1655850657","https://openalex.org/W1780382453","https://openalex.org/W1780766673","https://openalex.org/W1967615327","https://openalex.org/W1993240888","https://openalex.org/W2026997179","https://openalex.org/W2030892291","https://openalex.org/W2046682842","https://openalex.org/W2089745894","https://openalex.org/W2095249102","https://openalex.org/W2116199508","https://openalex.org/W2147264455","https://openalex.org/W2150587481","https://openalex.org/W2160752569","https://openalex.org/W2274685874","https://openalex.org/W2999346941","https://openalex.org/W3021970622","https://openalex.org/W3184295504","https://openalex.org/W3212450564","https://openalex.org/W4210702550","https://openalex.org/W4211177642","https://openalex.org/W4233308356","https://openalex.org/W4235608110","https://openalex.org/W4245961435","https://openalex.org/W4388250340","https://openalex.org/W4391838096","https://openalex.org/W6606359269","https://openalex.org/W6632425911","https://openalex.org/W6642031012","https://openalex.org/W7000717721"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2562914246","https://openalex.org/W1500055399","https://openalex.org/W7100286997","https://openalex.org/W2015905999","https://openalex.org/W2024843642","https://openalex.org/W2824778349","https://openalex.org/W1039234822","https://openalex.org/W4301752737","https://openalex.org/W42242238","https://openalex.org/W2045096703"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Currently,":[0],"numerous":[1],"educators":[2],"and":[3,16,20,40,50,88,195],"policy":[4],"makers":[5],"are":[6,119],"advocating":[7],"a":[8,46,51,136,140,145,150,170,207,225],"move":[9],"away":[10],"from":[11,108],"teacher-centered":[12],"models":[13],"of":[14,32,48,53,73,78,90,152,157,169,185,223],"instruction":[15],"toward":[17],"more":[18],"learner-centered":[19],"community-based":[21],"models.":[22],"However,":[23],"at":[24,30],"present":[25],"the":[26,71,129,153,167,186,200,220],"word":[27],"\u201ccommunity\u201d":[28],"is":[29,93,112,125,202],"risk":[31],"losing":[33],"its":[34],"meaning.":[35],"We":[36,215],"have":[37],"little":[38,184,218],"appreciation":[39],"few":[41],"criteria":[42,191],"for":[43,192,228],"distinguishing":[44],"between":[45],"community":[47,96,154,226],"learners":[49],"group":[52],"students":[54],"learning":[55,82],"collaboratively":[56],"(Barab":[57],"&":[58,63,67,175],"Duffy,":[59],"2000;":[60,65],"Grossman,":[61,68],"Wineburg,":[62,174],"Woolworth,":[64,176],"Wineburg":[66],"1998).":[69],"Given":[70],"proliferation":[72],"terms":[74],"such":[75],"as":[76,206,211],"communities":[77,89],"learners,":[79],"discourse":[80],"communities,":[81,83,85,87],"knowledge-building":[84],"school":[86],"practice,":[91],"it":[92,111,163],"clear":[94,114,190],"that":[95],"has":[97],"become":[98,159],"an":[99,212],"obligatory":[100],"appendage":[101],"to":[102],"every":[103],"educational":[104,221],"innovation.":[105],"Yet":[106],"aside":[107],"linguistic":[109],"kinship,":[110],"not":[113,197],"what":[115,193],"features,":[116],"if":[117],"any,":[118],"shared":[120],"across":[121],"terms.":[122],"This":[123],"confusion":[124],"most":[126],"pronounced":[127],"in":[128,181],"ubiquitous":[130],"\u201cvirtual":[131],"community,\u201d":[132],"where,":[133],"by":[134,166],"paying":[135],"fee":[137],"or":[138,161],"typing":[139],"password,":[141],"anyone":[142],"who":[143],"visits":[144],"web":[146],"site":[147],"automatically":[148],"becomes":[149],"\u201cmember\u201d":[151],"\u2026":[155],"Groups":[156],"people":[158],"community,":[160],"so":[162],"would":[164],"seem,":[165],"flourish":[168],"researcher's":[171],"pen.":[172],"(Grossman,":[173],"2000,":[177],"p.":[178],"2,":[179],"italics":[180],"original)":[182],"Too":[183],"education":[187],"literature":[188],"provides":[189],"does":[194,196],"constitute":[198],"community;":[199],"term":[201],"too":[203],"often":[204],"employed":[205],"slogan":[208],"rather":[209],"than":[210],"analytical":[213],"category.":[214],"also":[216],"know":[217],"about":[219],"value":[222],"employing":[224],"model":[227],"supporting":[229],"learning.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}