{"id":"https://openalex.org/W97693064","doi":null,"title":"ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: Benefits Supplied to Human Societies by Natural Ecosystems","display_name":"ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: Benefits Supplied to Human Societies by Natural Ecosystems","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W97693064","mag":"97693064"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.498.2963","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.498.2963","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sierraforestlegacy.org/Resources/Conservation/FireForestEcology/ForestEconomics/Economics-Daily97.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009013374","display_name":"Gretchen C. Daily","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-1111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-1111","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3198-7322"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gretchen C. Daily","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-1111","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007153910","display_name":"Susan E. Alexander","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan E. Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053182264","display_name":"Paul R. Ehrlich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-9292","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-9292"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul R. Ehrlich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8753-9292","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079149976","display_name":"Larry Goulder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry Goulder","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088272346","display_name":"Jane Lubchenco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-5879","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-5879"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Lubchenco","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-5879","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043046736","display_name":"Pamela A. Matson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7024"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela A. Matson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4488-7024","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081728722","display_name":"Harold A. Mooney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-1538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-1538"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harold A. Mooney","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5864-1538","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057683371","display_name":"Sandra L. Postel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6717-1870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6717-1870"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Postel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6717-1870","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111443336","display_name":"Stephen H. Schneider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-1251","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-1251"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen H. Schneider","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4187-1251","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023335715","display_name":"David G. Tilman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-7676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-7676"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Tilman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6395-7676","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027160601","display_name":"George M. Woodwell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George M. Woodwell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":32.4717,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":735,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99853967,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12643","display_name":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12013","display_name":"Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-services","display_name":"ecosystem services","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-support-services","display_name":"life support services","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-ecosystems","display_name":"natural ecosystems","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiversity","display_name":"biodiversity","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-decomposition","display_name":"waste decomposition","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-regulation","display_name":"climate regulation","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-fertility","display_name":"soil fertility","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-cycle","display_name":"natural cycle","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-and-nitrogen-cycling","display_name":"carbon and nitrogen cycling","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-market-valuation","display_name":"non-market valuation","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecosystem-goods","display_name":"ecosystem goods","score":0.3319999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.6678969264030457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187452473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897903","display_name":"Goods and services","level":2,"score":0.6332536935806274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.5643625259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.5293715000152588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5279029011726379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29985473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188460","display_name":"Natural resource","level":2,"score":0.47366270422935486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.4704906940460205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4295359253883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.3632080554962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2892036736011505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2704011797904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.24425682425498962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.14375045895576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.10856452584266663}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.498.2963","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.498.2963","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.sierraforestlegacy.org/Resources/Conservation/FireForestEcology/ForestEconomics/Economics-Daily97.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:97693064","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jane_Lubchenco/publication/200032845_Ecosystem_Services_Benefits_Supplied_to_Human_Societies_by_Natural_Ecosystems/links/0046352cb01672c4b5000000.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.807699978351593},{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20232922","https://openalex.org/W41697793","https://openalex.org/W189959991","https://openalex.org/W1490356648","https://openalex.org/W1492059657","https://openalex.org/W1493103170","https://openalex.org/W1501368690","https://openalex.org/W1508554172","https://openalex.org/W1520533428","https://openalex.org/W1521516369","https://openalex.org/W1549850749","https://openalex.org/W1551696570","https://openalex.org/W1553946241","https://openalex.org/W1562857516","https://openalex.org/W1568325166","https://openalex.org/W1574983445","https://openalex.org/W1579893055","https://openalex.org/W1582836649","https://openalex.org/W1599575577","https://openalex.org/W1606209721","https://openalex.org/W1996249429","https://openalex.org/W2003605835","https://openalex.org/W2008085963","https://openalex.org/W2011237781","https://openalex.org/W2014276882","https://openalex.org/W2020197554","https://openalex.org/W2027891280","https://openalex.org/W2029557142","https://openalex.org/W2050154560","https://openalex.org/W2061190445","https://openalex.org/W2064587685","https://openalex.org/W2065132073","https://openalex.org/W2088205127","https://openalex.org/W2088925853","https://openalex.org/W2096161807","https://openalex.org/W2104640662","https://openalex.org/W2108679185","https://openalex.org/W2127817933","https://openalex.org/W2133946740","https://openalex.org/W2316645120","https://openalex.org/W2475521324","https://openalex.org/W2892158308","https://openalex.org/W4242294120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388407482","https://openalex.org/W2373330514","https://openalex.org/W4385895613","https://openalex.org/W2384935734","https://openalex.org/W4389885002","https://openalex.org/W1007288719","https://openalex.org/W2084852600","https://openalex.org/W4250827504","https://openalex.org/W2567102177","https://openalex.org/W6999946516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"societies":[1],"derive":[2],"many":[3,152],"essential":[4],"goods":[5,20],"from":[6,79],"natural":[7,38,103],"ecosystems,":[8],"including":[9],"seafood,":[10],"game":[11],"animals,":[12],"fodder,":[13],"fuelwood,":[14],"timber,":[15],"and":[16,23,59,62,73,75,87,109,117,146],"pharmaceutical":[17],"products.":[18],"These":[19,53],"represent":[21],"important":[22],"familiar":[24],"parts":[25],"of":[26,57,64,67,70,77,83,94,102,115,122,131,139,154,160],"the":[27,55,128,136],"economy.":[28],"What":[29],"has":[30],"been":[31],"less":[32],"appreciated":[33],"until":[34],"recently":[35],"is":[36,96],"that":[37],"ecosystems":[39],"also":[40],"perform":[41],"fundamental":[42],"life-support":[43],"services":[44,95],"without":[45],"which":[46,80],"human":[47],"civilizations":[48],"would":[49],"cease":[50],"to":[51],"thrive.":[52],"include":[54],"purification":[56],"air":[58],"water,":[60],"detoxification":[61],"decomposition":[63],"wastes,":[65],"regulation":[66],"climate,":[68],"regeneration":[69],"soil":[71],"fertility,":[72],"production":[74],"maintenance":[76],"biodiversity,":[78],"key":[81],"ingredients":[82],"our":[84],"agricultural,":[85],"pharmaceutical,":[86],"industrial":[88],"enterprises":[89],"are":[90,150,163],"derived.":[91],"This":[92],"array":[93],"generated":[97],"by":[98,106],"a":[99,112],"complex":[100],"interplay":[101],"cycles":[104,130,138],"powered":[105],"solar":[107],"energy":[108],"operating":[110],"across":[111],"wide":[113],"range":[114],"space":[116],"time":[118],"scales.":[119],"The":[120],"process":[121],"waste":[123],"disposal,":[124],"for":[125],"example,":[126],"involves":[127],"life":[129],"bacteria":[132],"as":[133,135,144],"well":[134],"planet-wide":[137],"major":[140],"chemical":[141],"elements":[142],"such":[143],"carbon":[145],"nitrogen.":[147],"Such":[148],"processes":[149],"worth":[151],"trillions":[153],"dollars":[155],"annually.":[156],"Yet":[157],"because":[158],"most":[159],"these":[161],"benefits":[162],"not":[164],"traded":[165],"in":[166],"economic":[167],"markets,":[168],"they":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":43}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}