{"id":"https://openalex.org/W97575932","doi":null,"title":"Financing higher education: grants or loans?","display_name":"Financing higher education: grants or loans?","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W97575932","mag":"97575932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:51780","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/year/1985.html>)","pdf_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/51780/1/FEC_10_3_1985_WilliamsD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/51780/1/FEC_10_3_1985_WilliamsD.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David A. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-7872","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-7872"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraser of Allander Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5920-7872","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraser of Allander Institute","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111481149","display_name":"James Love","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Love","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraser of Allander Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraser of Allander Institute","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02908795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"72","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.6240000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.6240000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13387","display_name":"Politics, Economics, and Education Policy","score":0.19850000739097595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10546","display_name":"Higher Education Governance and Development","score":0.12460000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education-finance","display_name":"higher education funding","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-grants","display_name":"student grants","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-loans","display_name":"student loans","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuition-fees","display_name":"tuition fees","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-funding-policy","display_name":"university funding policy","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-ideology","display_name":"political ideology","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-analysis-of-education","display_name":"economic analysis of education","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6459288597106934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5747817158699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.5041245222091675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4347642958164215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3879590928554535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.37218672037124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3266839385032654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.3018510043621063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:51780","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/year/1985.html>)","pdf_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/51780/1/FEC_10_3_1985_WilliamsD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"mag:97575932","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pureportal.strath.ac.uk/en/publications/financing-higher-education-grants-or-loans","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764744389","display_name":"Quarterly economic commentary","issn_l":"0306-7866","issn":["0306-7866"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quarterly economic commentary","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:51780","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/year/1985.html>)","pdf_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/51780/1/FEC_10_3_1985_WilliamsD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W97575932.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W97575932.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2093422675","https://openalex.org/W2028938826","https://openalex.org/W4233214584","https://openalex.org/W2054570627","https://openalex.org/W7110843016","https://openalex.org/W2165889911","https://openalex.org/W7095090773","https://openalex.org/W2588169695","https://openalex.org/W1533829097","https://openalex.org/W565578729"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,7,29,34,64],"United":[2],"Kingdom,":[3],"opinion":[4],"on":[5,25,55],"whether":[6],"provision":[8],"of":[9],"grants":[10],"to":[11,22],"university":[12],"students":[13],"should":[14,45],"be":[15,23,46],"replaced":[16],"by":[17],"a":[18,56],"loans":[19,32],"systems":[20],"tends":[21],"divided":[24],"orthodox":[26],"political":[27],"lines:":[28],"\"right\"":[30],"supports":[31,36],"and":[33,48],"\"left\"":[35],"grants.":[37],"There":[38],"is":[39],"no":[40],"intrinsic":[41],"reason":[42],"why":[43],"this":[44],"so,":[47],"alignments":[49],"in":[50],"some":[51],"other":[52],"countries":[53],"are":[54],"quite":[57],"different":[58],"basis.":[59],"This":[60],"economic":[61],"perspective":[62],"considers":[63],"arguments.":[65]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
