{"id":"https://openalex.org/W9718874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","title":"Assessing African American Students for Specific Learning Disabilities: The Promises and Perils of Response to Intervention","display_name":"Assessing African American Students for Specific Learning Disabilities: The Promises and Perils of Response to Intervention","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W9718874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","mag":"9718874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91843068","display_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","issn_l":"0022-2984","issn":["0022-2984","2167-6437"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315754","host_organization_name":"Howard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Howard University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071635112","display_name":"Sherrie Lynn Proctor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8785-0483","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8785-0483"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sherrie L. Proctor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049006285","display_name":"Scott L. Graves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-422X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-422X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott L. Graves, Jr.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018085294","display_name":"Rachel C. Esch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel C. Esch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.3742,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96671448,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"81","issue":"3","first_page":"268","last_page":"268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.44600000977516174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.44600000977516174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14104","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology","score":0.1477999985218048,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13447","display_name":"Educational and Psychological Assessments","score":0.14509999752044678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-students","display_name":"African American students","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-learning-disabilities","display_name":"specific learning disabilities","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-to-intervention","display_name":"Response to Intervention","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disability-assessment","display_name":"learning disability assessment","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-measurement","display_name":"educational testing","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities-in-education","display_name":"racial inequality in education","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education-eligibility","display_name":"special education eligibility","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780732545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315969","display_name":"Response to intervention","level":3,"score":0.7795374393463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28858896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212105","display_name":"Special education","level":2,"score":0.7128978371620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5714079141616821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203151758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3244907","display_name":"Standardized test","level":2,"score":0.5711740851402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.5616766810417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5489256978034973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5144160389900208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.4906555712223053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15107229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disability","level":2,"score":0.45564043521881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776206778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7761689","display_name":"Special needs","level":2,"score":0.41971951723098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.40482038259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.40174970030784607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3479870557785034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20296832919120789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.1914874017238617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.18635159730911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.15305548906326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.81.3.0268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91843068","display_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","issn_l":"0022-2984","issn":["0022-2984","2167-6437"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315754","host_organization_name":"Howard University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315754"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Howard University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Negro Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/806833","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/417/article/806833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6304000020027161,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101709130","https://openalex.org/W122052525","https://openalex.org/W152823181","https://openalex.org/W154383080","https://openalex.org/W250939416","https://openalex.org/W593028398","https://openalex.org/W1498836241","https://openalex.org/W1502450579","https://openalex.org/W1520304697","https://openalex.org/W1527698227","https://openalex.org/W1536476469","https://openalex.org/W1588410488","https://openalex.org/W1746860535","https://openalex.org/W1790986919","https://openalex.org/W1920154936","https://openalex.org/W1971565727","https://openalex.org/W1974178257","https://openalex.org/W1981055250","https://openalex.org/W1995781797","https://openalex.org/W2005632712","https://openalex.org/W2016317357","https://openalex.org/W2028340314","https://openalex.org/W2036157557","https://openalex.org/W2049128355","https://openalex.org/W2053556466","https://openalex.org/W2058104674","https://openalex.org/W2058846234","https://openalex.org/W2059158744","https://openalex.org/W2071265981","https://openalex.org/W2073936950","https://openalex.org/W2085156522","https://openalex.org/W2086437449","https://openalex.org/W2093807325","https://openalex.org/W2104066909","https://openalex.org/W2104891682","https://openalex.org/W2114098652","https://openalex.org/W2120003190","https://openalex.org/W2123686002","https://openalex.org/W2138165621","https://openalex.org/W2143954588","https://openalex.org/W2148300723","https://openalex.org/W2149894453","https://openalex.org/W2154915760","https://openalex.org/W2157271121","https://openalex.org/W2159628920","https://openalex.org/W2161404115","https://openalex.org/W2169186463","https://openalex.org/W2277566370","https://openalex.org/W2518194253","https://openalex.org/W2621201719","https://openalex.org/W2994942484","https://openalex.org/W3186920782"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502550861","https://openalex.org/W2469606239","https://openalex.org/W2257978645","https://openalex.org/W2729316831","https://openalex.org/W612858015","https://openalex.org/W2046405768","https://openalex.org/W2184548979","https://openalex.org/W3093499453","https://openalex.org/W1986163651","https://openalex.org/W1597824243"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sherrie":[0],"L.":[1,4],"Proctor,":[2],"Scott":[3],"Graves,":[5],"Jr.,":[6],"Rachel":[7],"C.":[8],"Esch,":[9],"Assessing":[10,39],"African":[11,40],"American":[12],"Students":[13],"for":[14],"Specific":[15],"Learning":[16],"Disabilities:":[17],"The":[18,26],"Promises":[19,48],"and":[20,38,44,47],"Perils":[21],"of":[22,28],"Response":[23],"to":[24],"Intervention,":[25],"Journal":[27],"Negro":[29],"Education,":[30],"Vol.":[31],"81,":[32],"No.":[33],"3,":[34],"Special":[35],"Issue:":[36],"Testing":[37],"Americans:":[41],"Past,":[42],"Present,":[43],"Future":[45],"Problems":[46],"(Summer":[49],"2012),":[50],"pp.":[51],"268-282":[52]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
